[Differential-diagnostic symptoms of endometriosis and cancer of the rectum].

93 patients aged from 21 to 52 years were examined and operated upon. Endometriosis was diagnosed in 31 patients, carcinoma of the rectum--in 62 patients. Endometriosis had two forms: superficial (noninvasive) and deep (invasive) forms.

[The extent of resection in rectal cancer].

The condition of the "tumor field" in cancer of the rectum was studied. The work was performed on 28 preparations of the resected and extirpated rectum as serial paraffin sections in 8 radial directions for a distance of 10 cm from the visible margin of the tumor. The "tumor field" border at the distal direction is not less than 3.

[The healing of a large intestine anastomosis].

Three types of colonic anastomosis were experimentally studied on 19 mongrel dogs. Best results were obtained when using precise three-row sutures with the restoration of the intestinal mucosa which was confirmed by histological investigation of the zone of colonic anastomosis. Clinical observations during operation on the colon in 58 patients when using the two-row and precise sutures are in keeping with experimental findings and show advantages of the precision anastomosis.

[Clinical course and surgical treatment of intestinal endometriosis].

The article presents clinical characteristics of the disease and an analysis of results of treatment of 33 patients with endometriosis of the colon. Ways of spreading endometriosis resulting in alteration of the intestine are shown such as the invasive, implantational and metastatic ways. Resection of the intestine wall with anastomosis in 3/4 after Melnikov was fulfilled in 15 patients with endometriosis of the sigmoid and superampullar portion of the large intestine.

[Comparative evaluation of proximal resections in rectal cancer].

The surgical treatment of rectum cancer in 165 patients with the apparatus AKA-2 for compressive anastomoses was analyzed. The oncological adequacy of proximal resections of the rectum at the distal level of the section not less than 3.5-5 cm from the visually seen margin of the tumor depending on its growth type was shown.

[Hemodynamic and homeostatic effects of the isoperistaltic preparation of the large intestine in colorectal surgery].

Whole-gut irrigation was used in 471 observations in 411 patients. High efficiency of the method of preparation of the intestine for colorectal procedure or endoscopy was shown. Whole-gut irrigation does not exert a substantial influence on vital functions and homeostasis of the patients.

[First experience with application of compression anastomoses with the apparatus AKA-2 in operations on the large intestine].

The article describes results of the experimental and clinical application of the suturing apparatus AKA-2 forming compression anastomoses on the colon with the help of connecting rings. The results obtained enabled the authors to recommend the suturing apparatus AKA-2 for clinical use. Experience with using the apparatus AKA-2 in several medical institutions in 225 operations on the colon has shown the apparatus to be reliable and to considerably facilitate the creation of anastomoses in operations on the colon and rectum.