Towards Reducing Food Wastage: Analysis of Degradation Products Formed during Meat Spoilage under Different Conditions.

Foodstuffs, particularly perishable ones such as meat, are frequently discarded once the best-before date has been reached, despite the possibility of their continued suitability for human consumption. The implementation of intelligent packaging has the potential to contribute to a reduction in food wastage by enabling the monitoring of meat freshness during storage time independently of the best-before date. The process of meat spoilage is associated with the formation of specific degradation products, some of which can be potentially utilized as spoilage indicators in intelligent packaging.

High-pressure synthesis of Ruddlesden-Popper nitrides.

Layered perovskites with Ruddlesden-Popper-type structures are fundamentally important for low-dimensional properties, for example, photovoltaic hybrid iodides and superconducting copper oxides. Many such halides and oxides are known, but analogous nitrides are difficult to stabilize due to the high cation oxidation states required to balance the anion charges. Here we report the high-pressure synthesis of three single-layer Ruddlesden-Popper (KNiF type) nitrides-PrReN, NdReN and CeTaN-along with their structural characterization and properties.

A New Family of High Oxidation State Antiperovskite Nitrides: LaMN (M=Cr, Mn and Mo).

Three new nitrides LaMN (M=Cr, Mn, and Mo) have been synthesized using a high pressure azide route. These are the first examples of ternary CsCoCl-type nitrides, and show that this (MN)NLa antiperovskite structure type may be used to stabilise high oxidation-state transition metals in tetrahedral molecular [MN] nitridometallate anions. Magnetic measurements confirm that Cr and Mo are in the M state, but the M=Mn phase has an anomalously small paramagnetic moment and large cell volume.

Comparative effectiveness of factor Xa non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants versus phenprocoumon in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Background: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have largely supplanted vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for oral anticoagulation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, data on the real-world effectiveness of NOACs vs. phenprocoumon, a VKA widely used in Germany, are limited.

Please Mind the Gap: Highly Condensed P-N Networks in LiP N and Li P N (NH).

Alkali nitridophosphates AP N and A P N (A=Na, K, Rb, Cs) have been known for decades. However, their Li homologues have remained elusive. In this work, the highly condensed lithium (imido)nitridophosphates LiP N and Li P N (NH) (x=1.

Defect rocksalt structures in the La-Na-N system.

Sodium azide (NaN) is a versatile nitrogen source that can be used for the synthesis of new nitrides under high-pressure and temperature conditions. Reactions between lanthanum nitride (LaN) and sodium azide (NaN) at 800°C under 8 GPa pressure have led to the discovery of two defect rocksalt phases which are the first reported ternaries in the La-Na-N system. Preliminary structure assignments have been made based on fits to powder X-ray diffraction profiles.

High-dimensional propensity scores for empirical covariate selection in secondary database studies: Planning, implementation, and reporting.

Real-world evidence used for regulatory, payer, and clinical decision-making requires principled epidemiology in design and analysis, applying methods to minimize confounding given the lack of randomization. One technique to deal with potential confounding is propensity score (PS) analysis, which allows for the adjustment for measured preexposure covariates. Since its first publication in 2009, the high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) method has emerged as an approach that extends traditional PS covariate selection to include large numbers of covariates that may reduce confounding bias in the analysis of healthcare databases.

Using Interpretable Machine Learning to Identify Baseline Predictive Factors of Remission and Drug Durability in Crohn's Disease Patients on Ustekinumab.

Ustekinumab has shown efficacy in Crohn's Disease (CD) patients. To identify patient profiles of those who benefit the most from this treatment would help to position this drug in the therapeutic paradigm of CD and generate hypotheses for future trials. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether baseline patient characteristics are predictive of remission and the drug durability of ustekinumab, and whether its positioning with respect to prior use of biologics has a significant effect after correcting for disease severity and phenotype at baseline using interpretable machine learning.

Low-dimensional magnetism in calcium nitridonickelate(II) CaNiN.

Calcium nitridonickelate(II) CaNiN has been prepared through a high-temperature and high-pressure azide-mediated redox reaction, demonstrating that this method can stabilise nitrides of late transition metals in relatively high oxidation states. CaNiN crystallizes in the NaHgO structure type and displays low-dimensional antiferromagnetic ordering of Ni spins.

Preparation of Bulk-Phase Nitride Perovskite LaReN and Topotactic Reduction to LaNiO -Type LaReN.

While halide and oxide perovskites are numerous and many display outstanding properties, ABN perovskite nitrides are extremely rare due to synthetic challenges arising from the low chemical potential of nitrogen and a tendency to form low-coordination nitridometallate anions. We report the preparation of a perovskite nitride LaReN through azide-mediated oxidation at high pressure. High-resolution synchrotron diffraction shows that LaReN has a low-symmetry, triclinic, perovskite superstructure resulting from orbital ordering with strong spin-orbit coupling distortions.

Low Energy Electron Irradiation Is a Potent Alternative to Gamma Irradiation for the Inactivation of (CAR-)NK-92 Cells in ATMP Manufacturing.

Background: With increasing clinical use of NK-92 cells and their CAR-modified derivatives in cancer immunotherapy, there is a growing demand for efficient production processes of these "off-the-shelf" therapeutics. In order to ensure safety and prevent the occurrence of secondary tumors, (CAR-)NK-92 cell proliferation has to be inactivated before transfusion. This is commonly achieved by gamma irradiation.

Preparation of iron(IV) nitridoferrate CaFeN through azide-mediated oxidation under high-pressure conditions.

Transition metal nitrides are an important class of materials with applications as abrasives, semiconductors, superconductors, Li-ion conductors, and thermoelectrics. However, high oxidation states are difficult to attain as the oxidative potential of dinitrogen is limited by its high thermodynamic stability and chemical inertness. Here we present a versatile synthesis route using azide-mediated oxidation under pressure that is used to prepare the highly oxidised ternary nitride CaFeN containing Fe ions.

CAR-T cells and TRUCKs that recognize an EBNA-3C-derived epitope presented on HLA-B*35 control Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferation.

Background: Immunosuppressive therapy or T-cell depletion in transplant patients can cause uncontrolled growth of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected B cells resulting in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). Current treatment options do not distinguish between healthy and malignant B cells and are thereby often limited by severe side effects in the already immunocompromised patients. To specifically target EBV-infected B cells, we developed a novel peptide-selective chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on the monoclonal antibody TÜ165 which recognizes an Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA)-3C-derived peptide in HLA-B*35 context in a T-cell receptor (TCR)-like manner.

From Cancer to Immune-Mediated Diseases and Tolerance Induction: Lessons Learned From Immune Oncology and Classical Anti-cancer Treatment.

Success in cancer treatment over the last four decades has ranged from improvements in classical drug therapy to immune oncology. Anti-cancer drugs have also often proven beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we report on challenging examples that bridge between treatment of cancer and immune-mediated diseases, addressing mechanisms and experimental models as well as clinical investigations.

Nitride Spinel: An Ultraincompressible High-Pressure Form of BeP N.

Owing to its outstanding elastic properties, the nitride spinel γ-Si N is of considered interest for materials scientists and chemists. DFT calculations suggest that Si N -analog beryllium phosphorus nitride BeP N adopts the spinel structure at elevated pressures as well and shows outstanding elastic properties. Herein, we investigate phenakite-type BeP N by single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction and report the phase transition into the spinel-type phase at 47 GPa and 1800 K in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell.

The Long-Periodic Loop-Branched Chain Structure of the Oxonitridophosphate La P O N , Elucidated by a Combination of TEM and Microfocused Synchrotron Radiation.

The lanthanum oxonitridophosphate La P O N was synthesized by high-pressure metathesis from partially hydrolysed LiPN and LaCl at 750-950 °C and 7-9 GPa. The combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and diffraction using microfocused synchrotron radiation revealed a monoclinic crystal structure (space group P2 /n, a=14.042(4), b=7.

Comparative effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus a vitamin K antagonist in patients with renal impairment treated for non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Germany - A retrospective cohort study.

Background: The risk of thromboembolic events is increased in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and renal impairment. The risk of bleeding events is increased if these patients are treated with anticoagulants and further increased in those with active cancer.

Methods: RELOAD, a retrospective database study, assessed the outcomes of patients with NVAF prescribed rivaroxaban versus phenprocoumon.

Boron Phosphorus Nitride at Extremes: PN Octahedra in the High-Pressure Polymorph β-BP N.

The high-pressure behavior of non-metal nitrides is of special interest for inorganic and theoretical chemistry as well as materials science, as these compounds feature intriguing elastic properties. The double nitride α-BP N was investigated by in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) upon cold compression to a maximum pressure of about 42 GPa, and its isothermal bulk modulus at ambient conditions was determined to be 146(6) GPa. At maximum pressure the sample was laser-heated, which resulted in the formation of an unprecedented high-pressure polymorph, β-BP N .

Analysis of the therapeutic potential of different administration routes and frequencies of human mesenchymal stromal cells in the SOD1 mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Cellular therapy represents a novel option for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Its major aim is the generation of a protective environment for degenerating motor neurons. Mesenchymal stromal cells secrete different growth factors and have antiapoptotic and immunomodulatory properties.

Nitridophosphates: A Success Story of Nitride Synthesis.

Nitridophosphates and phosphorus nitrides are thoroughly investigated classes of nitrides. During thirty years of research, the methods for their synthesis evolved from the condensation of molecular precursors at moderate temperatures and ambient pressures to state-of-the-art high-pressure and high-temperature processes. Landmark breakthroughs made in recent years led to a comprehension-based proficiency in nitridophosphate synthesis that is illustrated by the large compositional and structural diversity of the nitridophosphates known today.

[Estimating the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) using various types of routine data of the German healthcare system].

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) mainly manifests as deep vein thrombosis (TVT) or pulmonary embolism (LE), and is the third most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. However, robust evidence on the incidence of VTE in Germany is lacking.

Objective: Estimation and comparison of the incidence of VTE based on different routine data sources of the German healthcare system.

Enhanced Cu and Cd sorption after soil aging of woodchip-derived biochar: What were the driving factors?

Biochar (BC) is increasingly tested as a soil amendment for immobilization of heavy metals (HMs) and other pollutants. In our study, an acidic soil amended with wood chip-derived BC showed strongly enhanced Cu and Cd sorption after 15 months of aging under greenhouse conditions. X-ray absorption near edge structure suggested formation of Cu(OH) and CuCO and upon aging increasingly Cu sorption to the BC organic phase (from 9.

Open-Shell 3d Transition Metal Nitridophosphates M P N (M =Fe, Co, Ni) by High-Pressure Metathesis.

3d transition metal nitridophosphates M P N (M =Fe, Co, Ni) were prepared by high-pressure metathesis indicating that this route might give a systematic access to a structurally rich family of M-P-N compounds. Their structures, which are stable in air up to at least 1273 K, were determined through powder X-ray diffraction and consist of highly condensed tetra-layers of PN tetrahedra and MN octahedra. Magnetic measurements revealed paramagnetic behavior of CoP N and NiP N down to low temperatures while, FeP N exhibits an antiferromagnetic transition at T =3.

UV-Raman Spectroscopic Identification of Fungal Spores Important for Respiratory Diseases.

Fungal spores are one of several environmental factors responsible for causing respiratory diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and aspergillosis. These spores also are able to trigger exacerbations during chronic forms of disease. Different fungal spores may contain different allergens and mycotoxins, therefore the health hazards are varying between the species.

High-Pressure Metathesis of the MPON ( x ≈ 0.05) and MPO ( M = Zr, Hf) Orthophosphates.

We describe the oxonitridophosphates MPON ( x ≈ 0.05) and the isotypic oxophosphates MPO ( M = Zr, Hf) obtained by high-pressure metathesis. The structures (ZrSiO-type, space group I4/ amd (no.