[Systemic inflammatory markers in age-associated cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease].

Aim: To determine a complex of immune markers reflecting various links of multicomponent inflammatory reactions in amnestic type of mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in comparison with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Material And Methods: Sixty-seven patients with aMCI, aged 72 [63; 77] years, and 91 patients with Alzheimer's disease at the age of 74 [68; 79] years were examined. The aMCI was diagnosed according to the criteria of R.

[The possibility of using immunological parameters for the evaluation of the clinical state of patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia].

Objective: To compare clinical and immunological parameters in children with schizophrenia and to analyze the possibility of using them in the assessment of the pathological process activity.

Material And Methods: We examined 62 patients, 39 boys and 23 girls, aged from 4 to 17 years, with childhood-onset schizophrenia. Mental state of the patients was assessed using a psychopathological method and with PANSS and CGI scales.

[Clinical and immunological correlations in endogenous depression].

Objective: To study the possibility of using immunological parameters for the evaluation of the activity of endogenous process in depression and quality of response to psychopharmacotherapy.

Material And Methods: Authors examined 42 patients, aged 20-55 years, with the prevalence of anxiety (n = 22) or apathy (n = 20) in the clinical picture of depression. The following immunological parameters were measured in the blood of the patients: degranulation activity of leukocyte elastase (LE), functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-PI); the level of autoantibodies to neuroantigen S-100B and myelin basic protein.

[Possibilities of the use of immunological indicators for the assessment of the risk of manifestation of endogenous psychoses in patients with nonpsychotic disorders of the juvenile age].

Objective: To study parameters of innate and adaptive immunity in the blood serum of patients with nonpsychotic mental disorders and to classify them by risk of psychosis manifestation.

Material And Methods: Authors studied 49 male patients, aged from 16 to 25 years, with nonpsychotic mental disorders corresponded to the premanifest stage of endogenous psychosis. The activity of leukocyte elastase (LE), functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) and the level of autoantibodies (aAB) to S-100 and basic myelin protein were measured.

[The biological evaluation of depression severity: a novel method for the determination of platelet serotonin concentration].

Objective: To develop a highly sensitive method for the determination of platelet-rich plasma serotonin concentration for every-day clinical practice.

Material And Methods: The method was developed for determination of serotonin in plateled-rich plasma. Serotonin was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection and hematologic analyzer.

[Immunological monitoring of endogenous attack-like psychoses].

To analyze the possibility of using immunological parameters for the assessment of the activity of the process and prediction of the quality and completion of remission, we compared the dynamics of clinical and immunological parameters in 76 patients with endogenous attack-like psychoses during pharmacotherapy of a psychotic episode. Authors confirmed evidence for the activation of innate and adaptive immunity in the acute stage of psychosis as well as the correlation between immunological parameters (leukocyte elastase (LE) activity, alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI), the level of autoantibodies to nerve growth factor (Aab-NGF)) and clinical symptoms assessed with the PANSS. The improvement of the clinical state assessed by the reduction in PANSS total score was noted in all patients though there were variations in the dynamics of immunological parameters.

[Inflammatory markers in schizophrenia in aged].

Objective: To identify inflammatory markers in schizophrenia in aged.

Material And Methods: The main group included 29 patients with schizophrenia, mean age 72.1 ± 6.

[Membrane structure markers and the acetylcholinesterase activity of erythrocytes in patients with mild cognitive impairment].

Patients with the syndrome of MCI (n=22) and a control group (31 people without signs of mental and neurological diseases) were tested for the degree of hemolysis of erythrocytes (RBC), (membrane structure markers, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in RBC), the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) (content of malondialdehyde - MDA), microviscosity of surface areas of the membrane using two spin probes localized in the bulk lipids (s1) and in adjacent to the proteins regions of lipid bilayer (s2). There was no difference between the level of spontaneous hemolysis in the group with MCI and the control group which indicated the absence of changes in the mechanical resistance of the RBC membrane. Significant between- group differences were identified for s2 (the increase by >40% in MCI).

[A multidiscipline clinical and biological approach to the study of psychotic types of autistic spectrum disorders in children].

The current problem of heterogeneity of psychotic types of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) is reviewed. The authors present results of a multidiscipline psychopathological, pathopsychological, neurophysiological and immunological examination of 87 patients, aged from 3 to 14 years, with psychotic types of ASD: childhood psychosis (CP) and atypical childhood psychosis (ACP). Significant differences in clinical presentations of CP and ACP that were correlated with pathopsychological, neurophysiological and immunological disorders were found.

[Inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia].

The following markers of inflammation: enzymatic activity of leukocyte elastase (LE), functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI), levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in the blood plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). The results confirm the presence of an inflammatory component in the pathogenesis of AD and VD. The high level of CRP may be considered as a marker of VD in the early stages of disease.

[Influence of high concentration of antibodies to NGF during early embryogenesis on formation of mice behavior in postnatal period].

In this work the influence of high concentration of antibodies to NGF on mouse's progeny has been investigated. During immunization with NGF the highest concentrations of antibodies were created in the first and third days of pregnancy (in different groups of animals). The dependence of abnormalities of mice postnatal development on level of antibodies to NGF at different stages of early embryogenesis has been established.

[Innate and adaptive immunity in children with psychotic forms of autism-spectrum disorders].

Leukocyte elastase (LE) activity, functional activity of alpha1-proteinase inhibitor, C-reactive protein, autoantibodies to nerve growth factor and to basic myelin protein have been studied in the blood serum of children with psychotic forms of autistic disorders - children psychosis (F84.02) and atypical children psychosis (F84.11).

[The state of the immune system in endogenous mental diseases with pronounced affective disorders].

Parameters of innate and adaptive immunity were studied in the blood serum of 180 patients, aged 15-25 years, with different endogenous mental diseases with depressive and mania disorders in the clinical picture (affective psychoses (29 patients), schizoaffective psychoses (106 patients) , slow-progressive schizophrenia (23 patients) and intermittent-progressive schizophrenia (22 patients)). The activation of innate immunity (the increase in the degranulation activity of leukocyte elastase (LE) and functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) were found in all the diseases. The increase in disease severity (from affective disorders to intermittent-progressive schizophrenia) was correlated with the significant elevation of LE activity.

[Pathogenetic characteristics of post stroke affective disorders].

Fifty patients with affective disorders developed after first cerebral stroke were studied. A spectrum of affective disorders included post-stroke depressions, generalized anxiety disorders, anxiety-depressive disorders and pseudo post-stroke depressions. Platelet serotonin (PS) levels were measured in these patients as well.

[Dynamics of immunological and clinical parameters in the treatment of childhood schizophrenia].

A state of innate and adaptive immunity (leukocyte elastase (LE) activity, alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI), the level of autoantibodies to nerve growth factor (Aab-NGF) and to basic myelin protein), have been studied in the blood serum of children with schizophrenia and compared to the changes of their clinical-psychopathological state. It has been shown that the exacerbation of schizophrenic process with early onset is accompanied by the activation of some parameters of innate immunity. But the higher activity of LE and alpha(1)-PI before the treatment cannot be considered as a predictive marker of therapeutic efficacy.

[Immunological reactions in different forms of mental disorders].

State of innate and adaptive immunity has been assessed by the indices of activity of leukocyte elastase, alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI), level of C-reactive protein and autoantibodies to neuroantigens (nerve growth factor and basic myelin protein) in different forms of mentalopathology: schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, mental retardation with behavioral abnormalities, organic mental disorders, affective disorders, psychogenias (adaptation disorders), early alcoholism. The increase of activity or levels of all immunological parameters was characteristic of these diseases. However within each group were patients with different levels of immunity activation.

[MRI-parameters of frontal lobes in schizophrenia: correlations with the level of autoantibodies to nerve growth factor in the blood serum].

The relationship between MRI-parameters of frontal lobes and levels of autoantibodies to nerve growth factor (Aab-NGF) in the blood serum of patients with schizophrenia and their relatives was studied. The negative correlation between the Aab-NGF level and the total volume of frontal lobes (r= -0,59; p<0,01) was found in the group of patients. No significant correlations were found in the control groups of healthy subjects without family history of schizophrenia and relatives of patients.

[Correlations between clinical and immunological parameters in endogenous psychoses with a first episode at the juvenile age].

Sixty-seven patients, aged 16-25 years, with the first episode of endogenous psychosis (ICD-10 items F20.03, F20.23, F25) have been examined.

[Changes of the level of serum antibodies to neuroantigens in patients with schizophrenia during the treatment].

The level of antibodies (AT) to neuroantigens (nerve growth factor and basic myelin protein) has been studied in the serum of 80 patients with schizophrenia, attack-like type, (ICD-10 items F20.01-02) during the treatment with psychotropic drugs. Therapeutic effectiveness has been measured clinically and with the PANSS.

[Specific disturbances of psychomotor development in children with thymomegaly].

Ninety children, aged from 2 month to 3 years, with thymomegaly and 25 aged-matched controls were studied. Most children with thymomegaly had disturbances of psychomotor development. Depending on their types, the cohort of children was stratified into 4 subgroups: 1st - 36 patients (40%) with schizotypal signs; 2nd - 30 hyperactive children (33%); 3rd - 19 children with hyperthymia signs (21%); 4th - 5 normal children (6%).

[A state of innate and adaptive immunity in children with schizophrenia and in the high-risk group for the disease].

Leukocyte elastase (LE) activity, alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha1-PI), C-reactive protein (CRP) as the indices of innate immunity and the level of autoantibodies to nerve growth factor (Aab-NGF) and to basic myelin protein (Aab-BMP) as the indices of adaptive immunity have been studied in the blood serum of 40 children at high risk for schizophrenia and in 32 children with schizophrenia. In the high-risk group, an increase both of the LE activity, CRP content and variance of alpha1-PI concentrations, indicating the activation of innate immunity, was found. LE activity correlated with severity of schizotypal diathesis.

[Relation between immunological and neurophysiologic markers during exacerbation of schizophrenic process].

Relation between leukocyte elastase (LE) activity of peripheral blood and temporal parameters of late cognitive component of event-related potentials (ERP) was studied in 36 patients with different types of schizophrenia and 28 healthy controls. Both P300 latency and amplitude correlated with LE activity in patients, but not in controls. The results suggest a relationship between innate immunity activation and pathophysiologic processes underlying cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.

[Some indices of congenital and acquired immunity in patients with endogenous diseases of schizophrenic spectrum disorders].

Indices of congenital leukocyte elastase (LE) activity and adaptive immunity (a level of autoantiboies to nerve growth factor--AabNGF) in blood serum of patients with schizophrenia (attack-like, continuous and slow progressive types) and schizoaffective psychosis have been compared with clinical presentations of the disorders. A patient's state was assessed by clinico-psychopathological methods and with the Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale (PANSS). All schizophrenia types and schizoaffective psychosis were accompanied by LE activity elevation.

[Markers of endothelial dysfunction in attack-like schizophrenia].

The activity of leukocyte elastase (LE) and two markers for vascular endothelial cells (EC) dysfunction/lesion--von Willebrand factor (WF) and C-reactive protein (C-RP)--was determined in the blood plasma of 22 male patients, aged 23.7 +/- 5.5 years with attack-like schizophrenia (ALS) and 24 matched controls.