Potential novel biomarkers for chronic lung allograft dysfunction and azithromycin responsive allograft dysfunction.

Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction (CLAD), manifesting as Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) or Restrictive Allograft Syndrome (RAS), is the main reason for adverse long-term outcome after Lung Transplantation (LTX). Until now, no specific biomarkers exist to differentiate between CLAD phenotypes. Therefore, we sought to find suitable cytokines to distinguish between BOS, RAS and Azithromycin Responsive Allograft Dysfunction (ARAD); and reveal potential similarities or differences to end-stage fibrotic diseases.

A new nomogram to predict the need for tracheostomy in burned patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of tracheostomy on complications, dysphagia and outcome in second and third degree burned patients.

Methods: Inpatient mortality, dysphagia, severity of burn injury (ABSI, TBSA) and complications in tracheotomized burn patients were compared to (I) non-tracheotomized burn patients and (II) matched tracheotomized non-burn patients.

Results: 134 (30.

Publisher Correction: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, temperature regulation and the role of heat shock proteins in non-asthmatic recreational marathon and half-marathon runners.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, temperature regulation and the role of heat shock proteins in non-asthmatic recreational marathon and half-marathon runners.

Exercise is the most common trigger of bronchospasm. Heat shock protein (HSP) expression was linked to asthmatic patients. The prevalence and pathophysiology of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in non-professional non-asthmatic runners is unknown.

Preserving the thyroidal isthmus during low tracheostomy with creation of a Björk flap.

Objectives/hypothesis: Surgical tracheostomy (ST) with creation of an inferiorly based U-shaped tracheal flap, known as the Björk flap, is the most commonly performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether outcome was different in patients who underwent low ST with retraction and preservation of the thyroid isthmus compared to those who underwent high ST with ligation of the thyroid isthmus.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Study of fitting algorithms applied to simultaneous analysis of large numbers of peaks in gamma-ray spectra.

In this paper several nonlinear fitting algorithms without matrix inversion are proposed and investigated. The fitting algorithms represent an integral part of the analysis procedure, allowing us to simultaneously process large numbers of peaks in large blocks of data. The algorithms were applied to the analysis of both one-dimensional as well as two-fold coincidence gamma-ray spectra.