The EphA2 Receptor Regulates Invasiveness and Drug Sensitivity in Canine and Human Osteosarcoma Cells.

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer affecting both humans and dogs, often leading to pulmonary metastasis. Despite surgery and chemotherapy being the primary treatment modalities, survival rates remain low in both species, underscoring the urgent need for more efficacious therapeutic options. Accumulating evidence indicates numerous biological and clinical similarities between human and canine osteosarcoma, making it an ideal choice for comparative oncological research that should benefit both species.

Computed tomographic and bronchoscopic diagnosis of Oslerus osleri infection in a dog.

A 16-month-old Sarplaninac Shepherd cross dog presented for a 1-month history of a productive cough that was unresponsive to an empirical 10-day course of cephalexin. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) showed multifocal, well-defined, smoothly marginated, soft tissue attenuating, minimally contrast enhancing nodular airway mural thickenings protruding into the airway lumen in the caudal trachea and principal bronchi. These nodules were also visualized on bronchoscopy, and cytology revealed parasitic larvae consistent with Oslerus osleri.

Fenestrated Endovascular Aortic Repair After Failed Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Purpose: Fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (FEVAR) is technically more challenging when performed after a failing EVAR procedure (FEVAR after EVAR). This study aims to assess the technical outcome of FEVAR after EVAR and to identify factors that may influence complication rates.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single department of vascular and endovascular surgery.

Acute Kidney Injury and Mortality After Fenestrated Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication following endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). An association of AKI with patient survival after fenestrated EVAR (FEVAR) is currently under investigation.

Methods: Patients undergoing FEVAR between April 2013 and June 2020 were included in the study.

Ferumoxytol-enhanced MR demonstration of changes to internal placental structure in placenta accreta spectrum: Preliminary findings.

Introduction: The goal of this pilot study is to determine if ferumoxytol-enhanced MR might provide a new approach to the diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), and if so, to identify signs of PAS.

Methods: Ten pregnant women were referred for MRI evaluation for PAS. MR studies consisted of pre-contrast SSFSE, SSFP, DWI, and ferumoxytol-enhanced sequences.

Ferumoxytol-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with volume rendering: A new approach for the depiction of internal placental structure in vivo.

Introduction: Placental function is vitally important, but placental assessment is limited by current imaging methods in vivo. The goal of this study is to determine if ferumoxytol-enhanced MR studies might be used to depict placental structure during pregnancy.

Methods: Ten pregnant women were referred for MRI evaluation of abnormal placentation.

Normal placental structural anatomy: ultrasound and doppler features elucidated with US-MR image fusion and ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To elucidate ultrasound features of normal placental anatomy through correlation of gray-scale and ultrasound Doppler with ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI features using US-MR image fusion.

Methods: All patients referred to MR for ultrasound findings worrisome for PAS (placenta accreta spectrum) were included in this retrospective study. MR studies included a ferumoxytol-enhanced T1-weighted MRI.

Placenta accreta spectrum: the pattern and character of intraplacental blood flow by color and spectral Doppler.

Purpose: To characterize intraplacental blood flow patterns in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) with color and spectral Doppler imaging.

Methods: Thirty-two patients at risk for PAS underwent ultrasound imaging with both color and spectral Doppler. The placenta was inspected for areas of vascularity by color Doppler, particularly within the lower uterine segment.

Toward Ergonomic Design in Ultrasound Scanning: Strategies to Mitigate Injurious Forces.

Sonographers experience stress-related musculoskeletal injuries at alarming rates. The magnitude of the problem has resulted in substantial economic and human costs. Early efforts, such as the transposition of office ergonomic models to the ultrasound suite, have been only marginally successful because of the vast difference between clerical and sonography work demands.

Opportunistic osteoporosis screening using routine computed tomography images to identify bone loss in gynecologic cancer survivors.

Objective: Cancer treatment-induced bone loss is a known side effect of cancer therapy. Computed tomography (CT) bone mineral density screening is a novel tool for identifying bone loss. This study aims to use routine CT images to determine long-term bone mineral density changes and osteoporosis risk among women with gynecologic cancers.

How to Read an Abdominal CT: Insights from the Visual and Cognitive Sciences Translated for Clinical Practice.

When first learning abdominal CT studies, residents are often given little concrete, practical direction. There is, however, a large literature from the visual and cognitive sciences that can provide guidance towards search strategies that maximize efficiency and comprehensiveness. This literature has not penetrated radiology teaching to any great extent.

Assessment of fenestrated Anaconda stent graft design by numerical simulation: Results of a European prospective multicenter study.

Objective: A crucial step in designing fenestrated stent grafts for treatment of complex aortic abdominal aneurysms is the accurate positioning of the fenestrations. The deployment of a fenestrated stent graft prototype in a patient-specific rigid aortic model can be used for design verification in vitro, but is time and human resources consuming. Numerical simulation (NS) of fenestrated stent graft deployment using the finite element analysis has recently been developed; the aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of fenestration positioning by NS and in vitro.

Multicentre experience with an iliac fenestrated device.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to present a multicentre experience of technical results and mid-term follow-up using a custom-made iliac fenestrated device (Terumo Aortic, Inchinnan, Renfrewshire, UK) for the treatment of iliac aneurysms and endoleaks.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective evaluation of 22 patients (3-12 per institution) with either an iliac artery aneurysm or endoleak treated with an iliac fenestrated device was performed. Data were gathered from 3 departments of vascular and endovascular surgery at 3 European institutions.

Identification of the Most Important Subset of Doppler, Laboratory, and Clinical Parameters for Serial TIPS Evaluation.

The purpose of the present study was to identify the subset of a wide range of serial Doppler, laboratory, and clinical parameters most predictive (both individually and in combination) of TIPS dysfunction in a large patient sample. The medical records of 189 patients who had undergone TIPS procedures were analyzed. The patients (mean age, 52 years; 62% of whom were men) had undergone 1139 Doppler studies and 323 portovenograms.

The COVID-19 Army Rapid Assessment Tool (CARAT) for Management of COVID-19 in the Deployed Setting.

The COVID-19 pandemic poses unique challenges within the austere clinical setting, and the time between patient presentation and deterioration is a critical opportunity for intervention. In some cases, this may be a life-saving transfer to a higher level of care. US Central Command (CENTCOM) has provided valuable guidance for COVID-19 management in the operational environment,1 and has proposed the National Early Warning System 2 (NEWS2) scoring tool as a useful adjunct to gauging illness severity.

Ultrasound Elastographic Measurement of Rigor Mortis in an Animal Model: A Feasibility Study for Improved Time-of-Death Estimates in Forensic Investigations.

The purpose of our study was to assess the feasibility of 2D shear wave ultrasound elastography to quantitatively measure changes of rigor mortis. Muscle stiffness of two live pigs and nine sacrificed pigs was measured in kilopascals using ultrasound elastography. The nine sacrificed pigs were divided into three groups of three pigs each and placed in one of three environments at 90°F (32°C), 70°F (21°C), or 34°F (1°C).

The Search Patterns of Abdominal Imaging Subspecialists for Abdominal Computed Tomography: Toward a Foundational Pattern for New Radiology Residents.

Objectives: The routine search patterns used by subspecialty abdominal imaging experts to inspect the image volumes of abdominal/pelvic computed tomography (CT) have not been well characterized or rendered in practical or teachable terms. The goal of this study is to describe the search patterns used by experienced subspecialty imagers when reading a normal abdominal CT at a modern picture archiving and communication system workstation, and utilize this information to propose guidelines for residents as they learn to interpret CT during training.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two academic subspecialists enacted their routine search pattern on a normal contrast-enhanced abdominal/pelvic CT study under standardized display parameters.

Rare Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Identified in a U.S. Deployed Service Member Following Host-nation Medical Treatment.

Decision-making related to the utilization of host-nation medical resources in austere forward-deployed environments is complex. Clinical circumstances, local medical intelligence availability, transportation assets, uncertainty regarding standard-of-care variations, military/host-nation funding complications, and regional security concerns all factor into consideration. A case of a U.

Exclusion of complex aortic aneurysm with chimney endovascular aortic repair is applicable in a minority of patients treated with fenestrated endografts.

Objectives: The Medtronic Endurant II stent graft has recently received Conformité Européenne (CE) approval for the use in chimney endovascular aortic repair (ChEVAR) for the treatment for juxtarenal aortic aneurysms. The aim of this study was to assess the percentage of patients treated by fenestrated endovascular repair who would have been alternatively suitable for the treatment by the CE approved Medtronic ChEVAR.

Methods: Preoperative computed tomography scans of 100 patients who underwent fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (FEVAR) between April 2013 and February 2017 were retrospectively assessed for the applicability of the ChEVAR technique according to the Medtronic instructions for use.

The Back Alleys and Dark Corners of Abdomen and Pelvis Computed Tomography: The Most Frequent Sites of Missed Findings in the Multiplanar Era.

Objectives: Radiologists reading multiplanar abdominal/pelvic computed tomography (CT) are vulnerable to oversight of specific anatomic areas, leading to perceptual errors (misses). The aims of this study are to identify common sites of major perceptual error at our institution and then to put these in context with earlier studies to produce a comprehensive overview.

Material And Methods: We reviewed our quality assurance database over an 8-year period for cases of major perceptual error on CT examinations of the abdomen and pelvis.

Diurnal variation of major error rates in the interpretation of abdominal/pelvic CT studies.

Rationale And Objective: Variation of visual selective attention through the day has been demonstrated in several arenas of human performance, including radiology. It is uncertain whether this variation translates to an identifiable diurnal pattern of error rates for radiology interpretation. The purpose of this study was to attempt to identify particular days of the week and times of the day when radiologists might be most prone to error.

Respiratory Fluctuation of Peak Systolic Velocities in the Carotid Doppler Waveforms of Patients With Obstructive Airway Disease: Evidence of Pulsus Paradoxus With Experimental Validation.

Objectives: To characterize fluctuations in peak systolic velocities (PSVs) in Doppler waveforms of the carotid artery in patients with and without obstructive airway disease and in volunteers subjected to incremental levels of airway resistance in an experimental model.

Methods: The PSV variation in common carotid waveforms was measured in 100 patients who had had a carotid ultrasound examination and no respiratory or carotid disease. This was compared to that of patients who had this study during an admission for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Measurement of the Internal Carotid Artery Cross-Sectional Area: Systematic Differences Depending on Grayscale, Power Doppler, and Color Doppler Techniques.

Objectives: To determine how measurements of the internal carotid artery (ICA) cross-sectional area will differ systematically when obtained by grayscale, color Doppler, and power Doppler imaging.

Methods: A total of 451 patients had greater than 40% diameter stenosis in at least a single ICA. Anteroposterior and transverse luminal diameters were measured in 609 arteries on grayscale, color, and power Doppler transverse images of the carotid bulb and proximal and distal ICAs.

Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Arterial Puncture and Closure Device Training in a Pulsatile Model.

Objective: The current study assesses the feasibility of in vitro practice of percutaneous puncture techniques in a pulsatile flow-model.

Design: Prospective, controlled, randomized study.

Setting: The percutaneous access to endovascular aortic repair is considered safe, but success rates may be dependent on surgeon experience with the technique.