High-Definition Trans-Spinal Current Stimulation Improves Balance and Somatosensory Control: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To investigate and compare the effects of three different high-definition (HD) non-invasive current stimulation (NICS) protocols on the spinal cord on support balance and somatosensory abilities in healthy young people.

Methods: Fifty-eight students were enrolled in this crossover study. All participants underwent application of (i) 1.

Reversible non-volatile electronic switching in a near-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet.

Non-volatile phase-change memory devices utilize local heating to toggle between crystalline and amorphous states with distinct electrical properties. Expanding on this kind of switching to two topologically distinct phases requires controlled non-volatile switching between two crystalline phases with distinct symmetries. Here, we report the observation of reversible and non-volatile switching between two stable and closely related crystal structures, with remarkably distinct electronic structures, in the near-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet FeGeTe.

[Use of antiglaucomatous drugs in the urban adult population : New Insights into the prevalence of glaucoma from the Hamburg City Health Study].

Background: Glaucoma is a widespread ophthalmological disease. Knowledge about the spread of the disease in the population is necessary with respect to further questions on comorbidities, risk factors and the provision of care.

Objective: An analysis of the use of glaucoma medications and the prevalence of glaucoma in an urban adult population was carried out.

Variation in claw morphology among the digits of Bent-toed geckos (Cyrtodactylus: Gekkota: Gekkonidae).

Background: Ecomorphological studies of lizards have increasingly employed comparison of claw morphology among species in relation to spatial niche use. Typically, such studies focus on digit IV of the autopodia, especially the pes. Uniformity of claw morphology among digits is more often implicitly assumed than tested.

Combining fluorescence lifetime with spectral information in fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO).

Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) provides information on fluorescence lifetimes in two spectral channels as well as the peak emission wavelength (PEW) of the fluorescence. Here, we combine these measures in an integral three-dimensional lifetime-PEW metric vector and determine a normal range for this vector from measurements in young healthy subjects. While for these control subjects 97 (±8) % (median (interquartile range)) of all para-macular pixels were covered by this normal vector range, it was 67 (±55) % for the elderly healthy, 38 (±43) % for age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-suspect subjects, and only 6 (±4) % for AMD patients.

Suppression of natural lens fluorescence in fundus autofluorescence measurements: review of hardware solutions.

Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO), a technique for investigating metabolic changes in the eye ground, can reveal the first signs of diseases related to metabolism. The fluorescence of the natural lens overlies the fundus fluorescence. Although the influence of natural lens fluorescence can be somewhat decreased with mathematical models, excluding this influence during the measurement by using hardware enables more exact estimation of the fundus fluorescence.

Smartphone-based screening for atrial fibrillation: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial.

Digital smart devices have the capability of detecting atrial fibrillation (AF), but the efficacy of this type of digital screening has not been directly compared to usual care for detection of treatment-relevant AF. In the eBRAVE-AF trial ( NCT04250220 ), we randomly assigned 5,551 policyholders of a German health insurance company who were free of AF at baseline (age 65 years (median; interquartile range (11) years, 31% females)) to digital screening (n = 2,860) or usual care (n = 2,691). In this siteless trial, for digital screening, participants used a certified app on their own smartphones to screen for irregularities in their pulse waves.

Telemedical cardiac risk assessment by implantable cardiac monitors in patients after myocardial infarction with autonomic dysfunction (SMART-MI-DZHK9): a prospective investigator-initiated, randomised, multicentre, open-label, diagnostic trial.

Background: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction after myocardial infarction identifies patients at high risk despite only moderately reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. We aimed to show that telemedical monitoring with implantable cardiac monitors in these patients can improve early detection of subclinical but prognostically relevant arrhythmic events.

Methods: We did a prospective investigator-initiated, randomised, multicentre, open-label, diagnostic trial at 33 centres in Germany and Austria.

Spectral fundus autofluorescence peak emission wavelength in ageing and AMD.

Purpose: To investigate the spectral characteristics of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) in AMD patients and controls.

Methods: Fundus autofluorescence spectral characteristics was described by the peak emission wavelength (PEW) of the spectra. Peak emission wavelength (PEW) was derived from the ratio of FAF recordings in two spectral channels at 500-560 nm and 560-720 nm by fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy.

Paediatric primary care in Germany during the early COVID-19 pandemic: the calm before the storm.

Objectives: Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on healthcare provision. The effects in primary care are understudied. This study aimed to explore changes in consultation numbers and patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify challenges for patient care.

Impairment of Cognitive Function in Different Domains Early After Lung Transplantation.

In this prospective observational pilot study patients with the diagnosis of end-stage lung disease and listed for lung transplantation underwent a cognitive function test battery before and after lung transplantation to investigate postoperative cognitive function in three domains (visual and verbal memory, executive functioning, concentration/speed of processing). Additionally we investigated intraoperative risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction. In total, 24 patients were included in this pilot study.

Morphological characterization of the human corneal epithelium by confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Background: Regarding the growing interest and importance of understanding the cellular changes of the cornea in diseases, a quantitative cellular characterization of the epithelium is becoming increasingly important. Towards this, the latest research offers considerable improvements in imaging of the cornea by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). This study presents a pipeline to generate normative morphological data of epithelial cell layers of healthy human corneas.

In vivo Histology of the Cornea - from the "Rostock Cornea Module" to the "Rostock Electronic Slit Lamp" - a Clinical "Proof of Concept" Study.

Introduction: Confocal in vivo microscopy is an established method in ophthalmology research. As it requires contact coupling and calibration of the instruments is suboptimal, this method has been only rarely used in clinical routine work. As a result of close collaboration between physicists, information scientists and ophthalmologists, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of the eye has been developed in recent years and a prototype can now be used in patients.

In-plane uniaxial pressure-induced out-of-plane antiferromagnetic moment and critical fluctuations in BaFeAs.

A small in-plane external uniaxial pressure has been widely used as an effective method to acquire single domain iron pnictide BaFeAs, which exhibits twin-domains without uniaxial strain below the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural (nematic) transition temperature T. Although it is generally assumed that such a pressure will not affect the intrinsic electronic/magnetic properties of the system, it is known to enhance the antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering temperature T ( < T) and create in-plane resistivity anisotropy above T. Here we use neutron polarization analysis to show that such a strain on BaFeAs also induces a static or quasi-static out-of-plane (c-axis) AF order and its associated critical spin fluctuations near T/T.

Comparison of algorithms to suppress artifacts from the natural lens in fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO).

Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) has developed as a new diagnostic tool in ophthalmology. FLIO measurements are taken from 30° retinal fields in two spectral channels (short spectral channel (SSC): 498-560 nm, long spectral channel (LSC): 560-720 nm). Because of the layered structure of the eye, the detected signal is an interaction of the fluorescence decay of the anterior part and of the fundus.

Deceleration Capacity and Periodic Repolarization Dynamics As Predictors of Acute Mountain Sickness.

Hamm, Wolfgang, Sari Kassem, Lukas von Stülpnagel, Florian Maier, Mathias Klemm, Dominik Schüttler, Felix Grabher, Ludwig T. Weckbach, Bruno C. Huber, Axel Bauer, Konstantinos D.

Influence of Lens Fluorescence on Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) Fundus Imaging and Strategies for Its Compensation.

Purpose: To explore the contribution of crystalline lens fluorescence to fluorescence lifetimes measured with fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) and to propose a computational model to reduce the lens influence.

Methods: FLIO, which detects autofluorescence decay over time in a short-wavelength spectral channel (SSC, 498-560 nm) and a long-wavelength spectral channel (LSC, 560-720 nm), was performed on 32 patients before and after cataract extraction. The mean autofluorescence lifetime (τ ) of the fundus was determined from a three-exponential fit of the postoperative fluorescence decays.

Fundus Autofluorescence Lifetimes and Spectral Features of Soft Drusen and Hyperpigmentation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate the autofluorescence lifetimes as well as spectral characteristics of soft drusen and retinal hyperpigmentation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Forty-three eyes with nonexudative AMD were included in this study. Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO), which detects autofluorescence decay over time in the short (SSC) and long (LSC) wavelength channel, was performed.

Corrigendum: Pulsed Electrical Stimulation of the Human Eye Enhances Retinal Vessel Reaction to Flickering Light.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.

Author Correction: The Henna pigment Lawsone activates the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and impacts skin homeostasis.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

NWChem: Past, present, and future.

Specialized computational chemistry packages have permanently reshaped the landscape of chemical and materials science by providing tools to support and guide experimental efforts and for the prediction of atomistic and electronic properties. In this regard, electronic structure packages have played a special role by using first-principle-driven methodologies to model complex chemical and materials processes. Over the past few decades, the rapid development of computing technologies and the tremendous increase in computational power have offered a unique chance to study complex transformations using sophisticated and predictive many-body techniques that describe correlated behavior of electrons in molecular and condensed phase systems at different levels of theory.

Scleral Inflammation around Collector Channels in Eyes with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

: Investigating the existence of inflammation in the distal outflow system posterior of the Schlemm's canal in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).: Scleral biopsies (n = 62) from POAG-patients were taken during deep sclerectomy and fixed either in formalin or RNAlater®. Histologic (hematoxylin & eosin) and immunohistological staining for CD 3 and CD 45RO were performed.