Efficacy, safety, and target engagement of dazukibart, an IFNβ specific monoclonal antibody, in adults with dermatomyositis: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

Background: Dermatomyositis is a chronic autoimmune disease with distinctive cutaneous eruptions and muscle weakness, and the pathophysiology is characterised by type I interferon (IFN) dysregulation. This study aims to assess the efficacy, safety, and target engagement of dazukibart, a potent, selective, humanised IgG1 neutralising monoclonal antibody directed against IFNβ, in adults with moderate-to-severe dermatomyositis.

Methods: This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial was conducted at 25 university-based hospitals and outpatient sites in Germany, Hungary, Poland, Spain, and the USA.

Prioritizing Context-Dependent Cancer Gene Signatures in Networks.

There are numerous ways of portraying cancer complexity based on combining multiple types of data. A common approach involves developing signatures from gene expression profiles to highlight a few key reproducible features that provide insight into cancer risk, progression, or recurrence. Normally, a selection of such features is made through relevance or significance, given a reference context.

Balancing precision and affordability in assessing infant development in large-scale mortality trials: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Large-scale mortality trials require reliable secondary assessments of impairment. We compared the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), a screening tool self-administered by parents, in classifying impairment using the 'gold standard' Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley-III), a diagnostic tool administered by trained assessors.

Design: Analysis of 405 children around 2 years corrected age from the Australian Placental Transfusion Study, a trial conducted over 8 years.

The contribution of motor identity prediction to temporal binding.

Temporal binding describes an illusory compression of time between voluntary actions and their effects. In two experiments, using stable, preexisting action-effect associations, we investigated whether motor identity prediction (prediction of the effect's identity) enhances temporal binding. Touch-typists performed keystrokes and were presented with congruent (corresponding letter) or incongruent (noncorresponding letter) effects after different intervals.

Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Management of Cancer Pain: a Meta Analysis.

Purpose Of Review: The present investigation assesses efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on relief of cancer or chemotherapy-related pain. Patients with cancer experience a relatively high prevalence of pain that is reportedly undertreated. Therefore, this analysis is pertinent to determine if TENS is a useful complementary therapy considering its increase in accessibility and minimal side effect profile.

One-week test-retest recordings of resting cardiorespiratory data for reliability analysis.

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key indicator of cardiac autonomic function, making reliable assessment crucial. To examine the test-retest stability of resting HRV in healthy individuals, fifty participants attended two lab sessions within a week, at the same time of day. After a 5-minute acclimatization period, electrocardiogram and respiration were recorded at rest.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Numerical modeling of hydrogel scaffold anisotropy during extrusion-based 3D printing for tissue engineering.

Extrusion-based 3D printing is a widely utilized tool in tissue engineering, offering precise 3D control of bioinks to construct organ-sized biomaterial objects with hierarchically organized cellularized scaffolds. Topological properties in flowing polymers are determined by macromolecule conformation, namely orientation and stretch degree. We utilized the micro-macro approach to describe hydrogel macromolecule orientation during extrusion, offering a two-scale fluid behavior description.

Calibration-free estimation of field dependent aberrations for single molecule localization microscopy across large fields of view.

Image quality in single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) depends largely on the accuracy and precision of the localizations. While under ideal imaging conditions the theoretically obtainable precision and accuracy are achieved, in practice this changes if (field dependent) aberrations are present. Currently there is no simple way to measure and incorporate these aberrations into the Point Spread Function (PSF) fitting, therefore the aberrations are often taken constant or neglected all together.

Cryogenic sample eject system for electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometers.

We present a fully automated cryogenic sample insertion and ejection system for use with low-temperature EPR probes. We show how the system can be implemented on a conventional EPR spectrometer and that ejection and insertion is reliably possible at temperatures down to 10 K. Furthermore, we investigate the glass properties of a 0.

High Molecular Conductance and Inverted Conductance Decay over 3 nm in Aminium-Terminated Carbon-Bridged Oligophenylene-Vinylenes.

With the progressing miniaturization of electronic device components to improve circuit density while retaining or even reducing spatial requirements, single molecules employed as electric components define the lower limit of accessible structural width. To circumvent the typical exponential conductance decay for increasing length in molecule-based wires, topological states, which describe the occurrence of discontinuities of a bulk material's electronic structure confined to its surface, can be realized for molecules by the introduction of unpaired spins at the molecular termini. The resulting high conductance and reversed conductance decay are typically only observed for shorter molecules, as the terminal spins must be within the electronic coupling range to produce the desired effects.

In vivo impact on rabbit subchondral bone of viscosupplementation with a hyaluronic acid antioxidant conjugate.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of an antioxidant-conjugated Hyaluronic Acid (HA), specifically HA-4-aminoresorcinol (HA4AR), on articular cartilage and subchondral bone in osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a comparative analysis between HA4AR and a commercially available high molecular weight HA formulation in a rabbit model of OA.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen rabbits underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and were divided into three groups of six: Saline-group, HA-group, and HA4AR-group, based on the type of intra-articular injection received.

Transcriptomic and lipidomic profiling reveals distinct bioactive lipid signatures in slow and fast muscles and highlights the role of resolvin-D2 in fiber type determination during myogenesis.

Skeletal muscles are predominantly composed of long, multinucleated muscle fibers, classified according to their metabolic and contractile phenotype. The determination of fiber types is influenced by various factors (e.g.

Improvement by imagining actions: Bimanual transfer effects after action imagery practice in a sequential reaction time task.

Action-imagery-practice refers to the repetitive use of action imagery to improve subsequent performance leading to partially different representation types than action-execution-practice (AEP). This study explored the representation types in kinesthetic action-imagery-practice (K-AIP) and visual action-imagery-practice (V-AIP) in a serial reaction time task using the crossed hand transfer paradigm. 169 participants (age M ± SD = 25.

LDAPrototype: a model selection algorithm to improve reliability of latent Dirichlet allocation.

Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is a popular method for analyzing large text corpora, but it suffers from instability due to its reliance on random initialization. This results in different outcomes for replicated runs, hindering reproducibility. To address this, we introduce LDAPrototype, a new approach for selecting the most representative LDA run from multiple replications on the same dataset.

Induced B-Cell Receptor Diversity Predicts PD-1 Blockade Immunotherapy Response.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1 antibodies (aPD1) can be effective in treating advanced cancers. However, many patients do not respond and the mechanisms underlying these differences remain incompletely understood. In this study, we profile a cohort of patients with locally-advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma undergoing aPD-1 therapy using single-cell RNA sequencing, high-definition spatial transcriptomics in tumors and draining lymph nodes, and spatial immunoreceptor profiling, with long-term clinical follow-up.

High-Statistics Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Electron Spectrum with H.E.S.S.

Owing to their rapid cooling rate and hence loss-limited propagation distance, cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CRe) at very high energies probe local cosmic-ray accelerators and provide constraints on exotic production mechanisms such as annihilation of dark matter particles. We present a high-statistics measurement of the spectrum of CRe candidate events from 0.3 to 40 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System, covering 2 orders of magnitude in energy and reaching a proton rejection power of better than 10^{4}.

Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Have Favorable Pregnancy Outcomes but Prolonged Time to Conceive.

Objective: To study pregnancy outcomes and complications in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted at tertiary reference centers in 5 countries (Austria, Germany, Italy, Sweden, USA), including 72 adult women with CAH (nonclassic [NC] n = 34, simple virilizing [SV] n = 21, salt wasting [SW] n = 17).

Results: A total of 133 pregnancies, 112 live births, and 25 abortions were documented.

Appreciating the Complexity of Local Gender-Based Violence Needs Assessments: Some Key Considerations and Tensions in Context.

Needs assessments can be a pragmatic method to shape interventions addressing gender-based violence. They are complex endeavors even-or especially-at the local level (e.g.

White matter differences between younger and older adults revealed by fixel-based analysis.

The process of healthy aging involves complex alterations in neural structures, with white matter (WM) changes significantly impacting cognitive and motor functions. Conventional methods such as diffusion tensor imaging provide valuable insights, but their limitations in capturing complex WM geometry advocate for more advanced approaches. In this study involving 120 healthy volunteers, we investigated whole-brain WM differences between young and old individuals using a novel technique called fixel-based analysis (FBA).

Optimal paraformaldehyde levels for disinfection of eggs used in vaccine production.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of paraformaldehyde levels on the disinfection of fertile eggs from breeders intended for vaccine production. A total of 4,368 fertile eggs were divided into seven treatment groups: nondisinfected eggs and eggs disinfected with 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 g/m³ of paraformaldehyde. Disinfection was carried out by fumigation, followed by incubation.