Health Related Studyability-An Approach to Structure Health Promotion Interventions at Universities.

So far, the only existing prerequisite to enter an academic institution is a specific diploma, like a high school diploma, or another comparable certified document. Other requirements may only be a numerus clausus for certain fields of study to pave the bureaucratic way for a prospective student into their university life. The way first year students dive into their first academic experiences is entirely left to themselves.

Physical fitness and health-related quality of life in pediatric renal transplant recipients: An interventional trial with active video gaming.

Background: Pediatric renal transplant recipients are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, one contributing factor is reduced cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose was to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness, motor coordination, muscle strength, daily physical activity, and health-related quality of life and to find out, if active video gaming is effective for improving these items in this patient population.

Methods: Twenty renal transplant recipients (13.

Aquatic toxicity of the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin and its metabolites.

The human macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin is widespread in surface waters. Our study shows that its major metabolite 14-hydroxy(R)-clarithromycin is found in surface waters in comparable amounts. This metabolite is known to be pharmacologically active.

Behavior of sartans (antihypertensive drugs) in wastewater treatment plants, their occurrence and risk for the aquatic environment.

Pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic trace contaminants reach wastewaters and are often not satisfactorily eliminated in sewage treatment plants. These contaminants and/or their degradation products may reach surface waters, thus influencing aquatic life. In this study, the behavior of five different antihypertonic pharmaceuticals from the sartan group (candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, olmesartan and valsartan) is investigated in lab-scale sewage plants.

Occurrence and fate of the human pharmaceutical metabolite ritalinic acid in the aquatic system.

To investigate the occurrence and fate of ritalinic acid - the main human metabolite of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate - in the aquatic environment, a HPLC-electrospray-MS/MS method for the quantification of ritalinic acid in wastewater, surface water and bank filtrate was developed. Carbamazepine known as very stable in the aquatic environment was analyzed as anthropogenic marker in parallel. Furthermore, the removal of ritalinic acid was studied in a sewage treatment plant using an activated sludge system during a field study and in lab-scale plants.

Sulfamethazine and flubendazole in seepage water after the sprinkling of manured areas.

Pharmaceuticals are widely used in modern livestock production and can reach the environment via the application of manure containing excreted drugs. Limited information is available on the transport and fate of veterinary medicines applied to soils. Therefore, we assessed the potential for the sulphonamide antibiotic sulfamethazine (SMT) and the antiparasitic drug flubendazole (FLUB) including their metabolites to move from agricultural manure to drainage waters at 1m depth.