The effectiveness of partial pulpotomy compared with full pulpotomy in managing deep caries in vital permanent teeth with a diagnosis of non-traumatic pulpitis.

Background: Pulpitis may be pain free or alternatively characterized by mild to severe pain and associated symptoms. Evidence has recently emerged that patients presenting with carious pulp exposure range of symptoms can be treated effectively with pulpotomy.

Objective: The current systematic review aimed to answer the following research question: "In patients with deep caries lesions in permanent teeth associated with no symptoms, reversible pulpitis or signs and symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis (P), is partial pulpotomy (I) as effective as full pulpotomy (C), in terms of a combination of patient and clinical reported outcomes (O), with "tooth survival" as the most critical outcome?

Methods: The systematic literature search was conducted in the following electronic databases: OVID, Scopus, PubMed (Including MEDLINE), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) supplemented with Grey literature and hand searching of relevant journals.

European Organisation for Caries Research and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry Consensus Report on Clinical Recommendations for Caries Diagnosis: Paper III - Caries Diagnosis at the Individual Level.

Objectives: The aim of the present consensus paper was to provide recommendations for clinical practice on the individual etiological and modifying factors to be assessed in the individual diagnosis of caries, and the methods for their assessment, supporting personalized treatment decisions.

Material And Methods: The executive councils of the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD) nominated ten experts each to join the expert panel. The steering committee formed three work groups which were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity assessment, and (3) forming individualized caries diagnoses.

Organization for Caries Research-European Federation of Conservative Dentistry Consensus Report on Clinical Recommendations for Caries Diagnosis Paper II: Caries Lesion Activity and Progression Assessment.

Introduction: This consensus paper provides recommendations for oral health professionals on why and how to assess caries activity and progression with special respect to the site of a lesion.

Methods: An expert panel was nominated by the executive councils of the European Organization for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD). The steering committee built three working groups that were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity and progression assessment, and (3) obtain individualized caries diagnoses.

ORCA-EFCD consensus report on clinical recommendation for caries diagnosis. Paper I: caries lesion detection and depth assessment.

Objectives: The aim of the present consensus paper was to provide recommendations for clinical practice considering the use of visual examination, dental radiography and adjunct methods for primary caries detection.

Materials And Methods: The executive councils of the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD) nominated ten experts each to join the expert panel. The steering committee formed three work groups that were asked to provide recommendations on (1) caries detection and diagnostic methods, (2) caries activity assessment and (3) forming individualised caries diagnoses.

Is there a rise of prevalence for Molar Incisor Hypomineralization? A meta-analysis of published data.

Since Molar Incisor Hypomineralization was first described as a pathologic entity, public perception often suggests a considerable rise in prevalence of the respective disease. Since there are still considerable doubts regarding the etiology and-accordingly-prevention of MIH and respective therapeutic approaches are difficult this question is of considerable clinical and public interest. Accordingly, a systematic literature search in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews on Medline, Cochrane Database, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, Google scholar, Scopus was performed to retrieve original articles reporting the prevalence of MIH as defined by the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD).

2D and 3D Erosion Landscape Analysis of Endodontic-Treated Teeth Using EDTA and HEDP as Chelating Agents: A High-Resolution Micro-Computed Tomographic Study.

This study aimed to assess the amount of erosion during activated endodontic irrigation with either HEDP or EDTA via high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Two root canals of twenty premolars were prepared with ProTaper Next and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite. Palatal canals, which served as control groups, were sealed, while buccal canals were further irrigated with either EDTA (n = 10) or HEDP (n = 10), which served as test groups.

Do magnification loupes affect the precision of cavity preparations made by undergraduates? A randomized crossover study.

Background: Evidence on the effect of magnification devices on procedure quality in restorative dentistry is scant. This study therefore aimed to assess, under simulated clinical conditions, if magnification loupes affect the quality of preparations carried out by undergraduate dental students.

Methods: 59 undergraduate dental students underwent two visual acuity tests, based on which they were divided into a "low visual acuity group" (visus < 1) and a "good visual acuity group" (visus ≥ 1).

STAndard Reporting of CAries Detection and Diagnostic Studies (STARCARDDS).

Aim: The aim of this paper is to present recommendations from an international workshop which evaluated the methodology and reporting of caries diagnostic studies. As a unique feature, this type of studies is focused on caries lesion detection and assessment, and many of them are carried out in vitro, because of the possibility of histological validation of the whole caries spectrum. This feature is not well covered in the existing reporting STARD guideline within the EQUATOR Network.

Identifying and Avoiding Risk of Bias in Caries Diagnostic Studies.

Caries diagnostic studies differ with respect to their design, included patients/tooth samples, use of diagnostic and reference methods, calibration, blinding and data reporting. Such heterogeneity makes comparisons between studies difficult and could represent a substantial risk of bias (RoB) when it is not identified. Therefore, the present report aims to describe the development and background of a RoB assessment tool for caries diagnostic studies.

Sonic irrigant activation for root canal disinfection: power modes matter!

Background: Sonic irrigant activation has gained widespread popularity among general dentists and endodontists alike in recent years. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the impact of three power modes of a sonic activation device (EDDY) on its antimicrobial effectiveness in infected root canals.

Methods: The root canals of straight, human roots (n = 120) were prepared to size 40/.

Systemic use of antibiotics in endodontics.

Most endodontic infections are limited to the tooth and can be successfully treated by conventional root canal treatment without the need for local or systemic antibiotics. However, if there is evidence of systemic involvement and a rapid and diffuse spread of the infection, antibiotics may be indicated. Likewise, systemic prophylactic antibiotics may be indicated in risk patients with im­mune suppression.

Clinical validation of near-infrared light transillumination for early proximal caries detection using a composite reference standard.

Objectives: The aim of this in vivo prospective clinical study was to validate a near-infrared light transillumination (NILT) device for the detection of proximal caries lesions and compare it to the established diagnostic method of bitewing radiography (BWR).

Materials And Methods: A total of 116 interproximal posterior teeth/surfaces without gross cavitation were included and assessed with BWR and NILT. After clinical examination, the teeth with sound surfaces or non-cavitated caries lesions were separated with the use of an orthodontic separation rubber for 24h.

Influence of different loupe systems and their light source on the vision in endodontics.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Galilean and Keplerian loupes in the endodontic lumen with and without integrated light. Although the use of an operating microscope is widely recommended in endodontics it is uncertain whether an adequate loupe system with coaxial light source might replace the microscope for some endodontic work. Twenty-four dentists (age 27–64 years) underwent a miniaturized visual test inside the endodontic lumen of a natural molar: at the canal entrance, 5 mm inside the canal, and at the apex.

Effect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of activated irrigation with different modes of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser application on microorganisms related to secondary endodontic infection. Er:YAG laser has been recommended as an adjuvant tool for root canal disinfection during endodontic treatment. Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with 300 or 600 μm tips were tested with or without intermittent irrigation with 0.

Effect of DNase Treatment on Adhesion and Early Biofilm Formation of .

Objective: Extracellular DNA (eDNA) has been shown to be important for biofilm stability of the endodontic pathogen . In this study, we hypothesized that treatment with DNase prevents adhesion and disperses young biofilms in 96-well plates and root canals of extracted teeth.

Methods: eDNA in 96-well plates was visualized with TOTO-1®.

Evidence-based strategies for the minimally invasive treatment of carious lesions: Review of the literature.

Resulting in a high economic and biological cost, the traditional therapeutic approach to carious lesion management is still largely restorative. Minimally invasive (MI) treatment offers an attractive alternative to managing carious lesions in a more conservative and effective manner, resulting in enhanced preservation of tooth structure. The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence behind several MI alternatives for carious lesion management, including the use of sealants, infiltration, atraumatic restorative treatment (ART), and selective carious tissue removal (e.

Carious Lesion Diagnosis: Methods, Problems, Thresholds.

The difference between carious lesion diagnosis and carious lesion detection is discussed here. Concerning carious lesions, 3 diagnostic requirements should be fulfilled: to detect lesions, to assess surface integrity, and to assess lesion activity to support clinical decision making. The first and most important diagnostic method is meticulous visual-tactile inspection.

Inter- and intraexaminer reliability of bitewing radiography and near-infrared light transillumination for proximal caries detection and assessment.

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the inter- and intraexaminer reliability of digital bitewing (DBW) radiography and near-infrared light transillumination (NIRT) for proximal caries detection and assessment in posterior teeth.

Methods: From a pool of 85 patients, 100 corresponding pairs of DBW and NIRT images (~1/3 healthy, ~1/3 with enamel caries and ~1/3 with dentin caries) were chosen. 12 dentists with different professional status and clinical experience repeated the evaluation in two blinded cycles.

Antibacterial Efficacy of a New Sonic Irrigation Device for Root Canal Disinfection.

Introduction: Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) is the most widespread method used to activate irrigation solutions. Concerns have been raised that PUI is less effective in curved root canals and is not passive at all. Our aim was to compare a novel passive sonic irrigation (PSI) device (6000 Hz) with PUI and manual irrigation (MI) with respect to their efficiency in removing different endodontic microorganisms from curved and straight root canals.

Bacterial invasion into radicular dentine-an in vitro study.

Objectives: We wanted to investigate differences in invasiveness into radicular dentinal tubules by monocultured and co-cultured bacteria frequently found in infected root canals.

Methods: Fifty-one human roots were incubated for 8 weeks with monocultured Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 10558, Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556, and with five capnophiles/anaerobes as well as with capnophiles/anaerobes co-cultured with a streptococcal species. Thereafter, bacterial samples were cultured from the inner, middle, and outer third of the root dentine of longitudinally broken teeth (n = 5).

Survey of Oral Health Awareness in Neuchâtel 9th Graders.

The oral health habits of pupils had not yet been analyzed for the canton of Neuchâtel. A questionnaire was provided to 9th grade high school pupils (final year) of the three schools located in the Neuchâtel area to asses both oral health knowledge and habits in this connection. The average age was 15.

Visual acuity and magnification devices in dentistry.

This review discusses visual acuity in dentistry and the influence of optical aids. Studies based on objective visual tests at a dental working distance were included. These studies show dramatic individual variation independent of the dentists’ age.

Impact of Different Illumination Conditions on Visual Caries Detection with ICDAS.

The aim of this study was to test the influence of different degrees of additional illumination on visual caries detection using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Two calibrated examiners assessed 139 occlusal surfaces of extracted permanent molars using a standard operation lamp with or without an additional headlamp providing three default brightness intensities. Histology served as the gold standard.