Urinary tract effects after multifocal nonthermal irreversible electroporation of the kidney: acute and chronic monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging, intravenous urography and urinary cytology.

Purpose: The nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel potential ablation modality for renal masses. The aim of this study was the first evaluation of NTIRE's effects on the renal urine-collecting system using intravenous urography (IVU) and urinary cytology in addition to histology and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Eight percutaneous NTIRE ablations of the renal parenchyma, including the calyxes or pelvis, were performed in three male swine.

Ultraviolet femtosecond laser creation of corneal flap.

Purpose: To study parameters for ocular femtosecond laser surgery in terms of process efficiency and safety aspects using ultraviolet (UV) femtosecond laser pulses.

Methods: Studies on corneal surgery and flap processing on enucleated porcine eyes were performed using a newly developed ytterbium-doped gain media laser source. Ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulses centered at a wavelength of 345 nm and working at a repetition rate of 100 kHz were generated by the third harmonics of the 1035-nm fundamental wavelength.

Metrology of pulsed radiation for 157-nm lithography.

In the framework of current development in 157-nm lithography we have investigated the performance of photodetectors with emphasis to their stability and linearity. The measurements were performed in the radiometry laboratories of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt at the Berlin electron-storage rings BESSY I and BESSY II with spectrally dispersed synchrotron radiation as well as with highly pulsed F2 laser radiation at 157 nm in combination with a cryogenic radiometer as the primary detector standard. Relative standard uncertainties of as little as 1% were achieved for the calibration of photodetectors in the spectral range of ultraviolet and vacuum-ultraviolet radiation.