Relapse and survival after relapse among children with cancer in Denmark: 2001-2021.

Background: In recent decades, new first and subsequent lines of anticancer treatment and supportive care have improved survival for children with cancer. We investigated recent temporal changes in the incidence of relapse and survival after relapse among children with cancer in Denmark.

Procedure: This register-based study included 2890 children diagnosed before age 15 years with haematological cancers and solid tumours (2001-2021) and central nervous system (CNS) tumours (2010-2021).

Infections and their prognostic significance before diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or multiple myeloma.

Background: Immunodeficiency is a shared feature of B cell malignancies. The risk of infections and their prognostic significance after diagnosis are well characterized, but, conversely, less is known about prediagnostic infections in these domains.

Methods: In matched case-control analyzes, using Danish nationwide registers, we assessed the rate of prediagnostic infections in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), multiple myeloma (MM), follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL).

Treatment-related mortality among children with cancer in Denmark during 2001-2021.

Background: Survival of children with cancer has markedly improved over recent decades, largely due to intensified treatment regimes. The intensive treatment may, however, result in fatal complications. In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed temporal variation in the incidence of treatment-related death and associated risk factors among children diagnosed with cancer in Denmark during 2001-2021.

Increased cancer incidence among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa - a Danish nationwide register study 1977-2017.

Background: The chronic, inflammatory skin disease hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) (prevalence: 0.5%-1%, diagnostic delay: 7-10 years) primarily arises in younger adults and frequently coincides with autoimmune comorbidities and unhealthy life-styles (smoking and obesity). These factors are known to increase cancer risk, but despite this, information on cancer occurrence among HS patients is scarce.

Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration and Risk of Childhood Cancers.

Importance: Breastfeeding has been suggested to protect against childhood cancers, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the evidence stems from case-control studies alone.

Objective: To investigate whether longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding is associated with decreased risk of childhood ALL and other childhood cancers.

Lifestyle and demographic associations with 47 inflammatory and vascular stress biomarkers in 9876 blood donors.

Background: The emerging use of biomarkers in research and tailored care introduces a need for information about the association between biomarkers and basic demographics and lifestyle factors revealing expectable concentrations in healthy individuals while considering general demographic differences.

Methods: A selection of 47 biomarkers, including markers of inflammation and vascular stress, were measured in plasma samples from 9876 Danish Blood Donor Study participants. Using regression models, we examined the association between biomarkers and sex, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and smoking.

Blood donation and migraine relief: A national population cohort study in Denmark.

Introduction: Migraine is a prevalent neurological headache disorder. Due to challenges associated with finding effective treatment, many individuals with migraine feel compelled to explore alternative treatment strategies, such as blood donation, hypothesized to provide migraine relief.

Methods: Through logistic, Poisson, and Cox regression methods, we examined the links between migraine and blood donation activities in two population cohorts: Danish blood donors in the Scandinavian Donations and Transfusions Database (SCANDAT-DK, N >1 million) and the Danish Blood Donor Study (N ~ 100,000).

Risk of cancer in relatives of patients with myelodysplastic neoplasia and acute leukemias.

Background: The risk of cancer among relatives of patients with either myelodysplastic neoplasia (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has not been thoroughly examined.

Methods: We linked the Danish Civil Registration System with the Danish Cancer Registry, the Danish National Acute Leukemia Registry, and the Danish Myelodysplastic Syndrome Database to estimate the relative risk of cancer among relatives of patients with MDS/AML/ALL. We used standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), i.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage Among Blood Donors and Their Transfusion Recipients.

Importance: Recent reports have suggested that cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a common cause of multiple spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs), may be transmissible through parenteral injection of contaminated cadaveric pituitary hormone in humans.

Objective: To determine whether spontaneous ICH in blood donors after blood donation is associated with development of spontaneous ICH in transfusion recipients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Exploratory retrospective cohort study using nationwide blood bank and health register data from Sweden (main cohort) and Denmark (validation cohort) and including all 1 089 370 patients aged 5 to 80 years recorded to have received a red blood cell transfusion from January 1, 1970 (Sweden), or January 1, 1980 (Denmark), until December 31, 2017.

The effect of ferritin-guided iron supplementation among Danish female first-time blood donors.

Background: The identification of blood donors at risk of developing low hemoglobin (Hb) and subsequent intervention is expected to reduce donation-induced iron deficiency and low Hb among blood donors. This study explores the effects of ferritin-guided iron supplementation for female first-time donors implemented in four of five administrative regions in Denmark.

Study Design And Methods: We included 45,919 female first-time donors in this study.

Impact of type 2 diabetes on mortality, cause of death, and treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Age-related comorbid conditions are exceedingly common in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is predicted to double during the next two decades, a better understanding of the interplay between CLL and T2D is of increasing importance. In this study, analyses were performed in parallel in two separate cohorts, based on Danish national registers and the Mayo Clinic CLL Resource.

Simple nested Bayesian hypothesis testing for meta-analysis, Cox, Poisson and logistic regression models.

Many would probably be content to use Bayesian methodology for hypothesis testing, if it was easy, objective and with trustworthy assumptions. The Bayesian information criterion and some simple bounds on Bayes factor are closest to fit this bill, but with clear limitations. Here we develop an approximation of the so-called Bayes factor applicable in any bio-statistical settings where we have a d-dimensional parameter estimate of interest and the d x d dimensional (co-)variance of it.

Childcare attendance and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: A register study based on the Danish childcare database.

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is suggested to result from a dysregulated immune response to infections in children with a preleukaemic state. Childcare in early life supposedly may protect against childhood ALL by facilitating sufficient exposure to infections to stimulate and ensure normal maturation of the immune system. We assessed the association between childcare attendance before age 2 years and risk of childhood ALL in a register-based cohort study, including all children aged 2 to 14 years born in Denmark during 1991 to 2014 with available childcare information recorded in the Danish Childcare Database (n = 1 116 185).

The healthy donor effect and survey participation, becoming a donor and donor career.

Background: The healthy donor effect (HDE) is a selection bias caused by the health criteria blood donors must meet. It obscures investigations of beneficial/adverse health effects of blood donation and complicates the generalizability of findings from blood donor cohorts. To further characterize the HDE we investigated how self-reported health and lifestyle are associated with becoming a blood donor, lapsing, and donation intensity.

Smoking is associated with infection risk in healthy blood donors.

Objectives: There is a gap in knowledge about the effects of smoking on overall infection risk in otherwise healthy populations, possibly leading to underestimation of the dangers of smoking. The present study aimed to examine the association of smoking with the risk of infections in a large cohort of healthy blood donors.

Methods: This cohort study used questionnaire and health register data from 127 831 Danish blood donors.

Siblings reduce multiple sclerosis risk by preventing delayed primary Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Epstein-Barr virus infection, and perhaps almost exclusively delayed Epstein-Barr virus infection, seems to be a prerequisite for the development of multiple sclerosis. Siblings provide protection against infectious mononucleosis by occasionally preventing delayed primary Epstein-Barr virus infection, with its associated high risk of infectious mononucleosis. Each additional sibling provides further protection according to the age difference between the index child and the sibling.

Childhood cancer confers increased risk of migraine - A Danish nationwide register study.

Background: Investigations of migraine among childhood cancer survivors have predominantly relied on self-reported information and hospital discharge diagnoses. Alone, both approaches are liable to bias. We used Danish nationwide registers to obtain data on both prescriptions of acute migraine medications (antimigraines) and hospital discharge diagnoses of migraine to assess the relative risk of migraine across a wider spectrum of migraine presentations than previously studied.