Removal of the fermentation by-product succinyl L-tyrosine from the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid using a molecularly imprinted polymer.

Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor used in therapeutic combinations with the penicillin-type antibiotics. During the fermentation leading to clavulanic acid, a succinyl L-tyrosine by-product is unavoidably formed. Occasionally, the amount of this by-product is found to be as high as 2% of the product even after standard purification operations.

Uniform molecularly imprinted microspheres and nanoparticles prepared by precipitation polymerization: the control of particle size suitable for different analytical applications.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are being increasingly used as selective adsorbents in different analytical applications. To satisfy the different application purposes, MIPs with well controlled physical forms in different size ranges are highly desirable. For examples, MIP nanoparticles are very suitable to be used to develop binding assays and for microfluidic separations, whereas MIP beads with diameter of 1.

Non-covalent molecular imprinting with emphasis on its application in separation and drug development.

The molecular imprinting technique can be defined as the formation of specific nano-sized cavities by means of template-directed synthesis. The resulting molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which often have an affinity and a selectivity approaching those of antibody-antigen systems, have thus been coined "artificial antibodies." MIPs are characterized by their high specificity, ease of preparation, and their thermal and chemical stability.

Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers using nitroxide-mediated living radical polymerization.

The use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in chemical and bioanalytical applications has been gaining in interest in recent years. Compared to their biological receptor counterparts, MIPs are easy to prepare, have long shelf stability and can be used under a variety of harsh conditions. The majority of MIPs currently used are produced by traditional free radical polymerization.

Molecularly imprinted nanoreactors for regioselective huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.

A molecularly imprinted polymer has been successfully utilized as nanoreactors for Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides and alkynes, leading to high product regioselectivity and kinetic acceleration. The MIP nanoreactors also showed remarkable selectivity toward the reactant structures, so that the "best fit" product was mostly amplified during the reaction. In contrast to previously reported regioselective MIPs, the present imprinted cavities bind reactants by means of only noncovalent molecular interactions, the same as that normally involved in biological systems.

Analyte templating: enhancing the enantioselectivity of chiral selectors upon incorporation into organic polymer environments.

A simple strategy for preserving and enhancing the chiral recognition capacity of polymer-embedded chiral selectors is proposed, capitalizing on a temporary blockage of the receptor binding site with tightly binding analytes during the polymerization process. We demonstrate that the copolymerization of a quinine tert-butylcarbamate selector monomer with chiral (and achiral) 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl amino acids allows one to control to a certain extent the binding characteristics of the resultant polymeric chiral stationary phases. The structural and stereochemical requirements of the templating analytes for maximizing the chiral recognition capacity of the polymer-embedded selectors are probed.