Radiosynthesis of Stable Au-Nanoparticles by Neutron Activation of αβ-Specific AuNPs for Therapy of Tumor Angiogenesis.

This paper reports on the development of stable tumor-specific gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) activated by neutron irradiation as a therapeutic option for the treatment of cancer with high tumor angiogenesis. The AuNPs were designed with different mono- or dithiol-ligands and decorated with different amounts of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides as a tumor-targeting vector for αβ integrin, which is overexpressed in tissues with high tumor angiogenesis. The AuNPs were evaluated for avidity in vitro and showed favorable properties with respect to tumor cell accumulation.

High-resolution laser resonance ionization spectroscopy of Pm.

We present the results of high-resolution laser spectroscopy of the long-lived radioactive isotopes Pm. The hyperfine structures and isotope shifts in two different atomic ground-state transitions at 452 nm and 468 nm were probed by in-source laser spectroscopy at the RISIKO mass separator in Mainz, using the PI-LIST ion source. From the hyperfine coupling constants the nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments for Pm were derived, and the measured isotope shifts allowed the extraction of changes in nuclear mean square charge radii.

Sodium chloride is an ionic checkpoint for human T2 cells and shapes the atopic skin microenvironment.

The incidence of allergic diseases has increased over the past 50 years, likely due to environmental factors. However, the nature of these factors and the mode of action by which they induce the type 2 immune deviation characteristic of atopic diseases remain unclear. It has previously been reported that dietary sodium chloride promotes the polarization of T helper 17 (T17) cells with implications for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

Direct detection of the (229)Th nuclear clock transition.

Today's most precise time and frequency measurements are performed with optical atomic clocks. However, it has been proposed that they could potentially be outperformed by a nuclear clock, which employs a nuclear transition instead of an atomic shell transition. There is only one known nuclear state that could serve as a nuclear clock using currently available technology, namely, the isomeric first excited state of (229)Th (denoted (229m)Th).

Superheavy element flerovium (element 114) is a volatile metal.

The electron shell structure of superheavy elements, i.e., elements with atomic number Z ≥ 104, is influenced by strong relativistic effects caused by the high Z.

Spatially resolved ultra-trace analysis of elements combining resonance ionization with a MALDI-TOF spectrometer.

A combined setup for spatially resolved mass analysis of trace amounts of elements and macromolecules is presented. Using a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, a laser spectroscopic setup for resonant ionization of neutral atoms has been implemented. This allows for an efficient and selective detection of trace elements by means of resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS).