Collective action against corruption in Western and non-Western countries: cross-cultural implications of the Axiological-Identitary Collective Action Model.

People sometimes protest government corruption, yet our current understanding of why they do so is culturally constrained. Can we separate factors influencing people's willingness to protest government corruption from factors to each socioecological context? Surprisingly little cross-cultural data exist on this important question. To fill this gap, we performed a cross-cultural test of the Axiological-Identitary Collective Action Model (AICAM) regarding the intention to protest against corruption.

Are values stable throughout adulthood? Evidence from two German long-term panel studies.

Previous studies have used cross-sectional or short-term longitudinal data, resulting in a truncated view of a phenomenon unfolding across the lifespan. We find that, contrary to the consensus in the literature, people's values continue developing in adulthood, albeit at a slower pace than in previous developmental stages. We use longitudinal data sources with two measurement instruments.

Keeping Things Positive: Affect as a Mediator between Physical Activity and Psychological Functioning.

Higher physical activity is generally associated with more favorable psychological functioning. However, the role of positive and negative affect in such associations is unclear. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study explored whether affect mediated the relationship of physical activity with psychological well-being (PWB) and psychological dysfunctioning (PD).

The multicultural conceptualisation of well-being : The role of culture and circumstance in operationalising well-being in South Africa: A mixed-methods approach.

Background: Exploring and understanding indicators of better life outcomes have remained popular among social and health researchers. However, the subjective approach to measuring well-being has raised questions on the appropriateness of standard measures of well-being in multicultural settings. The current study examines generalised well-being and its dependence on the implicit understanding of individual culture and circumstances.

Youth and social cohesion in times of the COVID pandemic: Most negatively affected? Most resilient?

Introduction: The current article reports findings from three large representative survey studies in the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg. The studies are part of the research initiative of Bertelsmann Stiftung.

Methods: The article explores the role of social cohesion in the relationship between COVID-based objective and subjective strain, on the one hand, and future optimism for the youth, citizens of active age, and the elderly.

Let's compare apples and oranges! A plea to demystify measurement equivalence.

The article discusses measurement equivalence in quantitative cross-cultural studies. Most often instruments are translated, data are gathered for the various language versions, and psychometric equivalence is checked. Items regarded as equivalent are retained, the other items are discarded.

Social capital and the COVID-19 pandemic threat: The Russian experience.

Social capital is an important resource for the wellbeing of both the individual and society. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many studies have been conducted to explore the role of social capital in coping with the negative consequences of the pandemic. However, how the pandemic itself can affect the social capital of people has yet to be studied.

Interpreting Microaggression as a Determinant of Wellbeing.

Despite the increasing interest in exploring microaggression in the humanitarian context, there remains uncertainty on its mechanism for affecting life outcomes. There is a lack of studies on ethnic and racial minorities in non-western countries. The current research explores dimensions and manifestations of microaggression and how they affect wellbeing in a multicultural setting.

Perceived Value Similarity With Important Others: Well-Being Implications for Emerging Adults.

Emerging adults establish, question, and reestablish their values within the most diverse social contexts. Every social context privileges expressing certain values and/or punishes expressing conflicting ones. This makes a similarity between one's own values and those preferred in one's life contexts psychologically desirable (person-environment fit).

Differentiating Between Belief-Indicative and Status-Indicative Groups Improves Predictions of Intergroup Attitudes.

Ingroup bias is often treated as the default outcome of intergroup comparisons. We argue that the mechanisms of impression formation depend on what information people infer from groups. We differentiate between groups that are more informative of beliefs and affect attitudes through ingroup bias and groups that are more informative of status and affect attitudes through a preference for higher status.

Applying the theory of planned behaviour to littering prevention behaviour in a developing country (Nigeria).

Guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study investigates littering attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioural control as predictors of the intention to prevent littering and actual littering prevention behaviour among residents of a developing country (Nigeria). The study employed a survey questionnaire to collect cross-sectional data. By applying structural equation modelling it was found that people who intend to prevent littering are also more likely to engage in actual littering prevention behaviour.

Authoritarianism Beyond Disposition: A Literature Review of Research on Contextual Antecedents.

A core debate in authoritarianism research relates to the stability of authoritarianism, i.e., whether it is a dispositional phenomenon socialized in early childhood or even genetically predisposed, or whether it is impacted by time-sensitive, exterior conditions.

Corrigendum: Acceptance of Diversity as a Building Block of Social Cohesion: Individual and Structural Determinants.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.

Acceptance of Diversity as a Building Block of Social Cohesion: Individual and Structural Determinants.

High levels of social cohesion have been shown to be beneficial both for social entities and for their residents. It is therefore not surprising that scholars from several disciplines investigate which factors contribute to or hamper social cohesion at various societal levels. In recent years, the question of how individuals deal with the increasing diversity of their neighborhoods and society as a whole has become of particular interest when examining cohesion.

The potential benefits of camps for children and adolescents with celiac disease on social support, illness acceptance, and health-related quality of life.

Among = 165 14-22-year-old bearers of celiac disease (CD), the German-based study examined if participation in camps for children with CD is related to higher CD-related quality of life (CD-QoL); = 48 of the study participants attended at least one camp. Camp participation was found to be related to higher CD-QoL, an effect mediated by having more friends with CD and by perceiving higher social support. Camp participation was also associated with higher illness acceptance and lower anxiety.

Multiple categorization and intergroup bias: Examining the generalizability of three theories of intergroup relations.

Research on intergroup bias usually focuses on a single dimension of social categorization. In real life, however, people are aware of others' multiple group memberships and use this information to form attitudes about them. The present research tests the predictive power of identification, perceived conflict, and perceived symbolic threat in explaining the strength of intergroup bias on various dimensions of social categorization in multiple categorization settings.

A New Empirical Approach to Intercultural Comparisons of Value Preferences Based on Schwartz's Theory.

Empirical tests of Schwartz's theory of culture-level value priorities have predominantly been performed using an averaging approach-as values of the average individual in a culture. However, from a theory of measurement standpoint such an approach seems inadequate. We argue that the averaging approach is an insufficiently accurate methodology in capturing the compatibilities-incompatibilities between values of individuals cultures.

Conceiving one's national group as transgenerational: Effects on attitudes towards 'foreign' and diaspora migrants.

The current paper presents three studies, which suggest that perceiving one's nation as transgenerational (TG) is related to a differentiation in the evaluation of ethnically German diaspora migrants and ethnically non-German ('foreign') migrants. First, we find that unlike 'classical' concepts such as right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), social dominance orientation (SDO), and hierarchic self-interest (HSI), TG explains differences in derogatory sentiments expressed towards diaspora and 'foreign' migrants. Second, TG is differentially related to positive emotions and behavioral intentions expressed towards these two groups of migrants.

Ecological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice.

Prejudiced attitudes and political nationalism vary widely around the world, but there has been little research on what predicts this variation. Here we examine the ecological and cultural factors underlying the worldwide distribution of prejudice. We suggest that cultures grow more prejudiced when they tighten cultural norms in response to destabilizing ecological threats.

Social Construction of the Value-Behavior Relation.

Personal values are reliable cross-situational predictors of attitudes and behavior. Since the resurgence in research on values following the introduction of Schwartz's theory of basic values, efforts were focused on identifying universal patterns in value-attitude relations. While some evidence for such universal patterns exists more recent studies point out, there is still considerable variation in value-attitude and value-behavior links across cultures and contexts.

The connection between social cohesion and personality: A multilevel study in the Kyrgyz Republic.

As the discourse around societal cohesion grows and policy makers increasingly turn their attention towards improving cohesion, understanding its role for the lives of individuals becomes ever more important. Our study examines whether the social cohesion of the immediate living context is related to the strength of Big Five personality traits among individuals. Using data from a community survey of 6252 adults living in 30 rural sub-districts in the Kyrgyz Republic, where social cohesion is a sizable policy concern, we conduct a multilevel analysis of the relationship between sub-district cohesion and individual personality.

Deep-sea mining: Interdisciplinary research on potential environmental, legal, economic, and societal implications.

Deep-sea mining refers to the retrieval of marine mineral resources such as Mn nodules, FeMn crusts, and seafloor massive sulfide deposits, which contain a variety of metals that serve as crucial raw materials for a range of applications, from electronic devices to renewable energy technologies to construction materials. With the intent of decreasing dependence on imports, supporting the economy, and potentially even overcoming the environmental problems related to conventional terrestrial mining, a number of public and private institutions have rediscovered their interest in exploring the prospects of deep-sea mining, which had been deemed economically and technically unfeasible in the early 1980s. To date, many national and international research projects are grappling to understand the economic environmental, social, and legal implications of potential commercial deep-sea mining operations: a challenging endeavor due to the complexity of direct impacts and spillover effects.

Political consumer behaviour among university students in Brazil and Germany: The role of contextual features and core political values.

This study investigates the relationship between political consumerism and core political values (CPVs) among university students in Brazil (N = 414) and Germany (N = 222). Despite the prerequisite to endorse values that are compatible with political consumerism, contextual features of one's immediate environment might affect overall levels of political consumerism. Our results show that political consumerism is significantly associated with higher income in Brazil (but not in Germany).

Gender Differences in Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms among Displaced Zimbabweans in South Africa.

Background: Over the years, more than 3.4 million Zimbabweans (a quarter of the country's population) have fled the country to other countries with South Africa as the main popular destination. In South Africa, they become a vulnerable group with the plausibility of suffering trauma and PTSS or PTSD due to xenophobic attacks and resentment.