Reciprocal Interactions of Human Monocytes and Cancer Cells in Co-Cultures In Vitro.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes immune and stromal cells and noncellular extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most important immune cells in TME and are crucial for carcinomas' progression. The purpose was to analyze direct and indirect interactions in co-culture of tumor cells with monocytes/macrophages and, additionally, to indicate which interactions are more important for cancer development.

The Relationship between Cancer Stage, Selected Immunological Parameters, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, and Total Serum Content of Iron, Zinc, and Copper in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer.

(1) Background: the purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between cancer stage, selected immunological parameters, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and total serum content of iron, zinc, and copper in patients with laryngeal cancer (LC). (2) Methods: serum Fe, Zn, and Cu were measured in 40 LC patients and 20 controls. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed by flow cytometry using fluorescent antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD25, CD69, and PD-1.

Determinants and disparities in access to paediatricians in Poland.

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that determine the differences in the distribution and workload of paediatricians in Poland. This research, specific to conditions found within Poland, will help further advance knowledge in this area. Data were derived from the database of Statistics Poland.

The Clinical, Pathological, and Prognostic Value of High PD-1 Expression and the Presence of Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer.

Due to the development of molecular diagnostic techniques, the latest research in the diagnosis of cancer diseases, including laryngeal cancer, has been focused on the occurrence of specific types of molecular patterns, including markers expressed on cells of the immune system (e.g., PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4), which may be directly or indirectly involved in the development of neoplastic diseases.

Imperatorin as a Promising Chemotherapeutic Agent Against Human Larynx Cancer and Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells.

Naturally occurring coumarins are bioactive compounds widely used in Asian traditional medicine. They have been shown to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and/or enhance the cytotoxicity of currently used drugs against a variety of cancer cell types. The aim of our study was to examine the antiproliferative activity of different linear furanocoumarins on human rhabdomyosarcoma, lung, and larynx cancer cell lines, and dissolve their cellular mechanism of action.

ThymicPeptides Reverse Immune Exhaustion in Patients with Reactivated Human Alphaherpesvirus1 Infections.

Recurrent infection with human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) may be associated with immune exhaustion that impairs virus elimination. Thymic peptides enhance immune function and thus could overcome immune exhaustion. In this study, we investigated whether reactivation of herpes infections was associated with immune exhaustion.

T-Lymphocyte Activation Is Correlated With the Presence of Anti-EBV in Patients With Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Chronic viral infection is an important risk factor in the development of cancer. Failure of immune response to clear the oncogenic infection can facilitate cancer progression. The aim of the present study was to analyze early and late activation of T-lymphocytes related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection by the expression of markers of activation (CD69, CD25) on the surface of T-lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8) in patients bearing laryngeal cancer according to absence/presence immunoglobulin G antibodies to EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA1).

Toll-Like Receptors-2 and -4 in Graves' Disease-Key Players or Bystanders?

Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. The development of autoimmunity is associated with innate immune responses where the prominent role plays Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between the expression levels of TLR-2 and TLR-4 on CD4+ and CD8+ T as well as CD19+ B lymphocytes in patients with GD and selected clinical parameters.

Anterolateral thigh free flap in reconstruction of lateral skull base defects after oncological resection.

Purpose: Evaluation of the utility of the free anterolateral thigh flap reconstruction of the defects resulting from radical temporal bone resection in the management of lateral skull base malignancies in a single institution.

Methods: An analysis of 17 en bloc subtotal petrosectomies for removal of malignant tumours was performed. There were 12 squamous cell carcinomas, 4 basal cell carcinomas and 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Subpopulations of natural killer-T-like cells before and after surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer.

Introduction: Tumours connected with head and neck comprise about 5% of all tumours. The most frequent histological type of laryngeal carcinoma is squamous cell carcinoma. Different research projects suggest that the role of T lymphocytes might be significant in tumour development.

Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Enhances Proliferation of NKT Cells Derived from Patients with Laryngeal Cancer.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to analyze whether inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 by celecoxib and the subsequent enhancement in the proliferation of natural killer T (NKT) cells could play a role in dendritic cell (DC)-based laryngeal cancer (LC) immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from 48 male patients diagnosed with LC and 30 control patients without cancer disease. Neoplastic cell lysate preparations were made from cancer tissues obtained after surgery and used for in vitro DCs generation.

Is immunohistochemical evaluation of p16 in oropharyngeal cancer enough to predict the HPV positivity?

Aim: Our goal was to determine the expression levels of p16 in the cohort of the OPSCC patients and evaluation of the pathological and clinical differences between these two groups including patients' survival.

Background: HPV infection is the main causative factor of oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC). Identification of HPV status in OPSCC requires positive evaluation of viral DNA integration into host cell however, p16 accumulation in the proliferating cell layers has been accepted as an alternative marker for HPV infection.

Multicenter experiences in temporal bone cancer surgery based on 89 cases.

Objective: To present outcomes of extensive surgery: lateral, subtotal, total petrosectomies in patients with temporal bone invasion resulting from specific primary cancers.

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Four tertiary referral centers.

The percentage of iNKT cells among other immune cells at various clinical stages of laryngeal cancer.

Introduction: Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells constitute a small population of immune cells that share functional and phenotypic characteristics of T lymphocytes and NK cells. Due to their involvement in specific and non-specific immune responses, iNKT cells may represent an important component of antitumor and anti-infectious immunity.

Material And Methods: Using flow cytometry, we analyzed the percentages of iNKT cells as well as T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 50 laryngeal cancer patients at various clinical stages in comparison to healthy controls (n=15).

Quality of life and hearing after cochlear implant placement in patients over 60 years of age.

Objective: Multicenter evaluation of the quality of life and quality of hearing after Nucleus® cochlear implant placement in patients over 60 years of age.

Reference And Method: Evaluation was performed in patients receiving cochlear implants after the age of 60 years as a part of the Cochlear-Implanted Recipient Observational Study (Cochlear-IROS). This study is a prospective, international and long-term assessment which enables observation of recipients for up to three years after implantation.

[Types of cell death].

Homeostasis in the body is maintained by multiple processes, including the balance between the formation of new cells and their dying. This paper describes the mechanism and pathways of apoptotic cell death, and the phenomenon of necrosis and autophagy. Furthermore, it describes rarely presented types of cell death, namely mitotic catastrophe, oncosis and pyroptosis.

Chemometric methods for studying the relationships between trace elements in laryngeal cancer and healthy tissues.

A quick and reliable method for the evaluation and classification of two types of tissues is presented. Several chemometric methods were applied to evaluate multivariate data of the tissue samples with respect to the content of trace elements. The content of Pb, Al, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni and Co was determined in samples of healthy and cancerous tissue obtained from 26 patients.

7-substituted coumarins inhibit proliferation and migration of laryngeal cancer cells in vitro.

Background: Coumarins are a large group of naturally-occurring compounds with a wide range of biological properties, including anticancer activity. 7-Substituted coumarins (umbelliferone, scoparone, and herniarin) were analyzed for their potential anticancer activity against laryngeal cancer cells (LCC).

Materials And Methods: High-performance counter-current chromatography was applied for successful separation of umbelliferone from fruits of Heracleum leskowii.

Recommendations for the diagnosis of human papilloma virus (HPV) high and low risk in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Guide of experts PTORL and KIDL.

The role of human papilloma viruses (HPV) in malignant and nonmalignant ENT diseases and the corresponding epidemiological burden has been widely described. International head and neck oncology community discussed growing evidence that oral HPV infection contributes to the risk of oro-pharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) and recommended HPV testing as a part of the work up for patients with OPC. Polish Society of ENT Head Neck Surgery and National Chamber of Laboratory Diagnosticians have worked together to define the minimum requirements for assigning a diagnosis of HPV-related conditions and testing strategy that include HPV specific tests in our country.

Expression of CD200 and CD200R regulatory molecules on the CD83+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated from patients with laryngeal cancer.

CD200 molecule may play a role in local tumor invasion and augmenting the metastatic capacity of squamous cell carcinoma. The objective of the study was to assess by means of flow cytometry the expression of CD200 and its receptor, CD200R, on CD83+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs), pulsed or not with autologous tumor cell lysates (aTCL) in patients who suffer from laryngeal carcinoma in comparison to healthy donors. The median value of CD200 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) on the Mo-DCs pulsed with aTCL of the patients with laryngeal cancer was 61.

Expression of selected regulatory molecules on the CD83+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated from patients with laryngeal cancer and their clinical significance.

B7H1 and B7H4 overexpression is associated with inhibition of the immune system in many solid tumors, and altogether with CD200 molecule plays an important role in tumor invasion by promoting malignant transformation. However, there is no report about impact of these molecules on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The objective of the present study was to assess by means of flow cytometry the expression of B7H1, B7H4, CD200, and CD200R on CD83+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DC), pulsed with autologous tumor cell lysates (aTCL) in patients who suffer from G1, G2, or G3 laryngeal carcinoma (LC, n = 60) in comparison to healthy donors (HD, n = 15).