Evaluation of corticoresistance in patients with thyroid eye disease and use of rituximab as a second-line treatment.

Purpose: High-dose intravenous glucocorticoids are the standard first-line treatment in active, moderate to severe and severe thyroid eye disease (TED). We evaluate the usefulness of clinical activity score (CAS) and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) as predictors and/or post-treatment markers of corticoresistance in patients with TED and the effect of rituximab in second-line treatment.

Methods: We enrolled 236 patients with an active TED into this retrospective single-tertiary-center cohort study.