Facts and myths about aggressive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis - current state of knowledge and future perspectives.

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults. Thanks to years of intensive research, the disease can now be largely controlled by disease-modifying treatment (DMT), of which the mode of action is mostly immunomodulatory and/or immunosuppressive. For years, balancing the benefits and risks of DMT by escalating only after a suboptimal response has been the recommended course of action.

Prevalence and prognostic value of prodromal symptoms in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Several studies have suggested the possibility that disease prodromes might occur months or even years before a multiple sclerosis diagnosis.

Objectives: To describe the profile of prodromal symptoms and the possible relationship between the occurrence of individual symptoms and clinical course characteristics in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and to assess their role as predictors of further disease course.

Material And Methods: The cohort included 564 patients with RRMS.

Navigating the landscape of COVID-19 for Multiple Sclerosis patients and clinicians.

The purpose of this literature review was to summarise relevant findings regarding the clinical management of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the COVID-19 pandemic, with the focus on patient risks, and the implications of disease-modifying treatment, both on COVID-19 severity and on the response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. Although MS per se does not seem to put patients at risk for more severe COVID-19, alongside the risk factors known to apply to the general population, progressive disease course, higher disability status, and B-cell depleting therapies may all negatively affect infection severity. The question of COVID-19 sequelae in patients with MS (pwMS) remains unresolved, challenging researchers to further explore this area.

Analysis of Side Effects Following Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With DMTs in Poland.

Background And Objectives: Since vaccination against COVID-19 is available for over a year and the population of immunized individuals with autoimmune disorders is higher than several months before, an evaluation of safety and registered adverse events can be made. We conducted a large study of side effects following the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with multiple (MS) sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and analyzed factors predisposing for particular adverse events.

Methods: We gathered data of individuals with MS treated with DMTs from 19 Polish MS Centers, who reported at least one adverse event following COVID-19 vaccination.

Safety of Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 among Polish Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Disease-Modifying Therapies.

(1) Background: The present study aims to report the side effects of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who were being treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in Poland. (2) Methods: The study included 2261 patients with MS who were being treated with DMTs, and who were vaccinated against COVID-19 in 16 Polish MS centers. The data collected were demographic information, specific MS characteristics, current DMTs, type of vaccine, side effects after vaccination, time of side-effect symptom onset and resolution, applied treatment, relapse occurrence, and incidence of COVID-19 after vaccination.