Mini review shows that a testicular volume of 3 mL was the most reliable clinical sign of pubertal onset in males.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate aspects of pubertal development to identify the most reliable clinical sign of pubertal onset in males.

Methods: We performed a mini review of the literature.

Results: In 1951 Reynolds and Wines categorised pubic hair growth and genital development in five stages by visual inspection.

Pre- and peripubertal sex steroids are inversely associated with birth weight in preterm boys.

Objective: The relationship between sex hormone concentrations during childhood and birth weight (BW) is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate this relationship and the associations with anthropometric data at 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 years of age in preterm boys.

Design: A prospective longitudinal single-centre study, including 58 boys with a BW of 1325-3320 g and gestational age (GA) of 32 + 2 to 36 + 6 weeks.

Adrenal androgen trajectories are established during childhood in preterm boys.

Aim: We investigated longitudinal adrenal androgen concentrations and any relationship between gestational age, birth size, anthropometric parameters and adrenal androgen concentrations during childhood in boys born moderate to late preterm.

Methods: This longitudinal, prospective study included 58 boys born at 32+0 to 36+6 weeks of gestation. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and androstenedione were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and anthropometric data were recorded from 5 to 10 years of age.

Adrenal and Gonadal Activity, Androgen Concentrations, and Adult Height Outcomes in Boys With Silver-Russell Syndrome.

We have previously shown that adult height (AH) in males with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) correlated negatively with prepubertal estradiol concentrations. We aimed to identify the source of estradiol by analyzing androgen secretion profiles and measuring anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B concentrations during childhood and puberty in this group of patients. In a retrospective longitudinal single-center study, 13 males with SRS were classified as non-responders (NRs = 8) or responders (Rs = 5), depending on the AH outcome.

Hyperestrogenism Affects Adult Height Outcome in Growth Hormone Treated Boys With Silver-Russell Syndrome.

Intrauterine growth retardation and short stature are common features in Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). Despite recombinant growth hormone (rGH) treatment, poor pubertal height gain, affecting adult height (AH), is common. This study investigated whether growth patterns and estrogen concentrations are associated with AH outcome in rGH treated SRS males.