Male patients with inflammatory joint diseases are less likely than controls to be childless: results from a Norwegian population-based cohort study of 10 865 patients.

Objectives: To investigate the number of children per man and the proportion of childless men as a proxy of fertility in a national cohort of men with inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs), compared with matched controls from the general population.

Methods: This is a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study. Male patients with IJDs (n = 10 865) in the Norwegian Arthritis Registry were individually matched 1:5 on birth year and county of residence with men without IJDs obtained from the National Population Register (n = 54 325).

Physical health and neurodevelopmental outcome in 7-year-old children whose mothers were at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at risk of metabolic disturbances such as diabetes mellitus and overweight. However, few have examined the outcome of children whose mothers were at risk of GDM. The aim of the study was to investigate how mothers' risk of developing GDM affects physical health and neurodevelopment of the children at 7 years of age.

Caesarean section in women with axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis: a population-based study.

Background: There is sparse documentation on pregnancy outcomes in women with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Data on disease activity are often lacking, preventing the direct investigation of the effect of inflammation on pregnancy outcomes. A caesarean section (CS) implies a higher risk for complications than vaginal delivery.

Dietary Intake in Early Pregnancy and Glycemia in Late Pregnancy among Women with Obesity.

Women with obesity have increased risk for hyperglycemia during pregnancy, with negative health consequences for mother and child. We aimed to investigate adherence to nutritional recommendations in early pregnancy and to examine associations between early pregnancy dietary intake and late pregnancy glycemia among women with obesity. We included 120 women with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m who participated in one of two randomized controlled trials.

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training and urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled 7-year follow-up study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Urinary incontinence is common postpartum. Our aims were to assess whether antenatal exercise including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has long-term effects on urinary incontinence (UI) and to explore factors associated with UI 7 years postpartum.

Methods: A follow-up of a two-centre randomized controlled trial performed at St.

Body mass index and physical activity in seven-year-old children whose mothers exercised during pregnancy: follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: There are limited data on long-term outcomes of children whose mothers have followed exercise interventions during pregnancy. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether regular moderate intensity exercise during pregnancy affected the children's body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA) at 7 years of age, and determine the relationship between children's and mothers' BMI and PA.

Methods: This was a follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial, carried out at St.

Safety Aspects of Perinatal Ultrasound.

Ultrasound safety is of particular importance in fetal and neonatal scanning. Fetal tissues are vulnerable and often still developing, the scanning depth may be low, and potential biological effects have been insufficiently investigated. On the other hand, the clinical benefit may be considerable.

The effect of preoperative pelvic floor muscle training on urinary and colorectal-anal distress in women undergoing pelvic organ prolapse surgery-a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) improves urinary incontinence and mild pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative PFMT on urinary and colorectal-anal distress and related quality of life (QoL) in women with severe POP scheduled for surgery.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial of 159 women scheduled for POP surgery (intervention = 81, controls = 78).

The effect of an exercise program in pregnancy on vitamin D status among healthy, pregnant Norwegian women: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is common in pregnant women worldwide. Regular prenatal exercise is considered beneficial for maternal and fetal health. There is a knowledge gap regarding the impact of prenatal exercise on maternal vitamin D levels.

Uterine Artery Doppler in Pregnancy: Women with PCOS Compared to Healthy Controls.

The objective of this study was to investigate possible differences in uterine artery pulsatility index (UtAPI) between pregnant women with PCOS and healthy controls and to explore possible effects of metformin on UtAPI. . The study was conducted in a tertiary center.

Comparison of transperineal ultrasound with POP-Q for assessing symptoms of prolapse.

Introduction: Our aim was to study any correlation between pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) and ultrasound measurement of prolapse in women from a normal population and to identify the method with a stronger association with prolapse symptoms.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 590 parous women responding to the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory was carried out. They were examined using POP-Q and transperineal ultrasound, and correlation was tested using Spearman's rank test.

The MMP9 rs17576 A>G polymorphism is associated with increased lumbopelvic pain-intensity in pregnant women.

Background And Aims: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is an enzyme that may affect degradation of several extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the pelvic ligaments during pregnancy. Previous studies indicate that genetic variations in the gene encoding MMP9 may affect the enzymatic activity. One such genetic variant is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs17576 A>G.

Alterations in the vitamin D endocrine system during pregnancy: A longitudinal study of 855 healthy Norwegian women.

To ensure optimal calcium accrual in the fetal skeleton, a substantial rise occurs in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), but is dependent on sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D). Large longitudinal studies addressing free 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D during pregnancy are scarce. We aimed to assess levels of and relationship between 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and free 25(OH)D during pregnancy; determinants of vitamin D status; and association between vitamin D indices or PTH and pregnancy outcomes (gestational diabetes mellitus and birthweight).

Effect of supervised exercise training during pregnancy on neonatal and maternal outcomes among overweight and obese women. Secondary analyses of the ETIP trial: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Maternal obesity associates with complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Our aim was to investigate if exercise during pregnancy in overweight/obese women could influence birth weight or other neonatal and maternal outcomes at delivery.

Material And Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial of exercise training in pregnancy for women with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m2.

Hemoglobin A1c as screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in Nordic Caucasian women.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk for preeclampsia and macrosomia. GDM is conventionally diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a marker for the average glucose level the last 2-3 months.

Regular moderate exercise during pregnancy does not have an adverse effect on the neurodevelopment of the child.

Aim: Current U.S. guidelines suggest that pregnant women should exercise regularly during pregnancy, and we examined the neurodevelopment of the children whose mothers had taken that advice.

Do parental heights influence pregnancy length?: A population-based prospective study, HUNT 2.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the association of maternal and paternal height with pregnancy length, and with the risk of pre- and post-term birth. In addition we aimed to study whether cardiovascular risk factors could explain possible associations.

Methods: Parents who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT 2; 1995-1997) were linked to offspring data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1997-2005).

Are the Norwegian guidelines for ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis followed?

Background: The Norwegian Biotechnology Act distinguishes between ultrasound as part of routine antenatal care and fetal diagnostic ultrasound. The Act is criticised for being unclear and difficult to comply with in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether doctors complied with the guidelines in the Biotechnology Act when they considered the case histories of women who wanted early ultrasound with fetal diagnosis.

[Chronic inflammatory arthritis and pregnancy].

Background: Chronic inflammatory arthritis often appears first in women of fertile age. Their pregnancies are considered to be of low risk compared with pregnancies in women with systemic inflammatory connective tissue disease.

Method: The article is based on literature searches in PubMed for studies of the pregnancy outcomes of women with chronic inflammatory arthritis.

Offspring birth weight and cardiovascular risk in parents: a population-based HUNT 2 study.

Low birth weight is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in later life. The fetal insulin hypothesis suggests that shared genetic factors partly explain this association. If fetal genes predispose to both low birth weight and cardiovascular disease in adulthood, fathers of offspring with low birth weight should display an unfavorable profile of cardiovascular risk factors.