Dipotassium glycyrrhizate prevents oral dysbiosis caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis in an in vitro saliva-derived polymicrobial biofilm model.

Objectives: Oral microbiome dysbiosis prevention is important to avoid the onset and progression of periodontal disease. Dipotassium glycyrrhizate (GK2) is a licorice root extract with anti-inflammatory effects, and its associated mechanisms have been well-reported. However, their effects on the oral microbiome have not been investigated.

Microbial shift of oral biofilm associated with remineralization of root dentin lesions.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between remineralization of incipient root dentin lesions and the presence of polymicrobial biofilms, as well as examine changes in microbial composition.

Methods: Bovine root dentin disks used as specimens for biofilm formation, were cultured using saliva from a single donor. Amsterdam Active Attachment biofilm model was used to grow biofilms.

Antibacterial effects of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler eluate on polymicrobial biofilms.

Purpose: To analyze the effects of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler eluate on polymicrobial biofilm metabolism and live bacterial count.

Methods: Biofilm was formed using glass disks 12 mm in diameter and 150 µm in thickness. Stimulated saliva was diluted 50-fold with buffered McBain 2005 and cultured in anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 24 hours in anaerobic conditions (10% CO₂, 10% H₂, 80% N₂) to form the biofilm on the glass disks.

Effects of desensitizer containing fluoroaluminocalciumsilicate glass nanoparticles on remineralization of root dentin subsurface lesions in vitro.

We investigated the remineralization effects of Nanoseal (NS) dentin desensitizer on demineralized root dentin. Baseline lesion specimens prepared from bovine root dentin were immersed in artificial saliva (AS) or deionized water (DW) after treatment with NS or fluoride-free Nanoseal (NS(-)). Treatment and control groups comprised: 1, AS; 2, NS/AS; 3, NS(-)/AS; 4,NS/DW; 5, NS(-)/DW; and 6, baseline demineralization.

Anti-demineralization characteristics of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler-containing varnishes.

This study investigated the anti-demineralization effects of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler-containing varnishes. Thirty-five bovine root specimens were divided into five treatment groups, with seven specimens each coated with 1) MI varnish (MIV), 2) F varnish (FV), 3) PRG varnish I (PV), 4) PRG varnish II (with sodium fluoride added, PVF), and 5) acid-resistant nail varnish (Control). A 3×1 mm area of the dentin surface adjacent to each varnish was demineralized for one week at 37°C.

Comprehensive analysis of bacterial flora of a biofilm model in initial caries-inducing environment.

Purpose: To analyze changes in pH and bacterial flora with duration of culture and timing of sugar supply using a polymicrobial biofilm model.

Methods: The biofilm was prepared using the method of Exterkate et al. Stimulated saliva from an adult was collected on a glass slide and added to unbuffered McBain medium containing 0.

Effect of toothpaste containing multiple ions-releasing filler on polymicrobial biofilm regrowth and dentin demineralization.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of toothpaste containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler particles to that of conventional sodium fluoride (NaF) toothpaste for the prevention of dentin demineralization and biofilm regrowth.

Methods: Bovine root dentin specimens and glass coverslips were used as biofilm growth substrates. To establish biofilms, glass and dentin specimens were incubated for 72 hours in 0.

Relevance of surface characteristics in the adhesiveness of polymicrobial biofilms to crown restoration materials.

We used a polymicrobial (PM) biofilm model to examine associations of bacterial adhesiveness with surface characteristics of various dental materials. Four types of dental materials (apatite pellet, zirconia, ceramic, and composite resin) with rough and mirror surfaces were used. Surface roughness, surface free energy, zeta potential, and colony-forming units (CFUs) of the biofilm formations were measured.

Antibacterial Action of a Condensed Tannin Extracted from Astringent Persimmon as a Component of Food Addictive Pancil PS-M on Oral Polymicrobial Biofilms.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity against polymicrobial (PM) biofilms of a condensed tannin extracted from astringent persimmon (PS-M), which is contained in refreshing beverages commercially available in Japan. Salivary PM biofilms were formed anaerobically on glass coverslips for 24 and 72 h and were treated for 5 min with sterilized deionized water (DW), 0.05 and 0.

Effects of resin-based temporary filling materials against dentin demineralization.

This study investigated the in vitro anti-demineralization effects of resin-based temporary filling materials containing surface prereacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler on dentin. Bovine root dentin specimens with a 3×3 mm experimental surface were divided into four treatment groups: DuraSeal (DU) as a control, S-PRG filler-free temporary material (S0), material containing 10% (S10) and 20% (S20) S-PRG filler. Each material was applied to 3×2 mm of the experimental surface, and the specimens were immersed in 8% methylcellulose gel demineralization system for one week at 37˚C.

Antimicrobial effects of carbamide peroxide against a polymicrobial biofilm model.

Purpose: To investigate the in vitro antimicrobial effects of carbamide peroxide (CP) and CP-based home bleaching agents against polymicrobial (PM) biofilms.

Methods: Using a high-throughput active attachment model, PM biofilms were cultured on glass coverslips by diluting the stimulated saliva of one healthy adult. All experiments were performed anaerobically in McBain medium, which was refreshed twice daily.

Formation of subsurface dentin lesions using a polymicrobial biofilm model.

Purpose: To simulate an oral demineralization environment by multiple species of bacteria by inducing subsurface dentin lesions with a polymicrobial biofilm model.

Methods: Polymicrobial biofilms consisting of multiple species of bacteria were generated from stimulated saliva using a high-throughput active attachment model. Biofilms were grown on dentin specimens in McBain medium containing 0, 0.

Effect of the coating material on root dentin remineralization in vitro.

Purpose: A fluoride-releasing coating material containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler has become commercially available. However, there has been no detailed investigation of its remineralization effects at various tooth surface regions. The remineralization effects of S-PRG filler-containing coating material at different sites of demineralized dentin surfaces in vitro were evaluated.

Anti-demineralization effect of a novel fluoride-releasing varnish on dentin.

Purpose: To investigate the laboratory anti-demineralization effect of a novel fluoride-releasing varnish containing surface reaction-type prereacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler.

Methods: Paired specimens were cut from bovine root dentin. One of each pair was used for the S-PRG group, and the other served as a control (n = 6).

Acid resistance induced by a new orthodontic bonding system in vitro.

The effect of fluoride-containing orthodontic resin bonding systems on acid resistance of adjacent enamel was evaluated using transversal microradiography. Four fluoride-containing orthodontic resin bonding systems: BeautyOrtho Bond (BO), BeautyOrtho Bond+Salivatect (BOS), Kurasper F (KP), Transbond XT (TB) and a resin-modified glass-ionomer (Fuji Ortho LC (FO)) were used. Superbond Orthomite (SB) was used as a non-fluoride material.

Formation of inhibition layers with a newly developed fluoride-releasing all-in-one adhesive.

This study evaluated the capability of a novel fluoride-releasing, all-in-one adhesive system on forming inhibition layer (radio-opaque layer) as compared with other adhesive systems. Dentin surface was treated with Imperva bond (IB), FL-BOND (FB), Reactmer bond (RE), or FL-BOND S-1 (FS) (which is a novel system). Untreated specimens were categorized as nonbonding group (NB).

Durability of FTLA treatment as a medicament for dentin hypersensitivity--abrasion resistance and profiles of fluoride release.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the durability of tubules occluded with FTLA treatment by toothbrush abrasion test on the applied surface and by measuring fluoride release from the FTLA components. Dentin specimens with simulated hypersensitive surfaces were treated with APF containing tannic acid. After which, the specimens received lanthanum-chloride-with-powdered-fluoroapatite-glass-ceramics treatment.