Nomogram for overall survival of Japanese patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer.

Background: We analyzed the relationship between prostate cancer outcomes and pretreatment clinical factors and developed a prognostic nomogram of overall survival (OS) of patients with bone metastasis.

Methods: From 1993 to 2011, 463 consecutive patients were treated for bone-metastatic prostate cancer. Data sets from 361 patients were used to develop a nomogram (training data), and data sets of 102 patients were used for validation of the nomogram (validation data).

Androgen deprivation therapy prevents bladder cancer recurrence.

Although accumulating preclinical evidence indicates the involvement of androgen receptor signals in bladder cancer (BC) development, its clinical relevance remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the predictive role of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in BC recurrence in prostate cancer (PC) patients. We retrospectively reviewed 20,328 patients with PC diagnosed during 1991-2013 and identified 239 (1.

[Clinical studies of inverted papilloma of the bladder].

Inverted papilloma of the bladder is an uncommon urothelial neoplasm. Although it is traditionally regarded as a benign tumor, there are conflicting data on multiplicity, reoccurrence rate, and association with urothelial carcinoma. From 2005 to 2011, 14 cases of inverted papilloma of the bladder were diagnosed at our hospital.

Possible anti-tumor activity of initial treatment with zoledronic acid with hormonal therapy for bone-metastatic prostate cancer in multicenter clinical trial.

Background: To ascertain the anti-tumor effect of zoledronic acid (ZOL) treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer, we examined the effect of ZOL started simultaneously with hormonal therapy as initial treatment in these patients.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer who received a luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone (LHRH) analogue and an anti-androgen [maximal androgen blockade (MAB)] were assigned to receive ZOL (4 mg intravenous administration every month for 2 years). The time to progression (TTP) of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), the overall survival (OS), and the rate of PSA decrease in patients with MAB and ZOL treatment (ZOL group) were compared with these parameters in patients who received only MAB at one institute as a control group (non-ZOL group).

Coexpression of aPKCλ/ι and IL-6 in prostate cancer tissue correlates with biochemical recurrence.

Atypical protein kinase C λ/ι (aPKCλ/ι) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been implicated in prostate cancer progression, the mechanisms of which have been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. However, the clinical significance of the correlation between the expressions of these factors remains to be clarified. In the present study, we report a significant correlation between aPKCλ/ι and IL-6 proteins in prostate cancer tissue by immunohistochemical staining.

[A case of recurrent intracaval renal cell carcinoma effectively treated with sunitinib].

A 67-year-old man received left radical nephrectomy for left renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (clear cell carcinoma, G2, pT3bN0M0). After 9 months, he presented with an acute onset of left extremity edema. A computed tomographic (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging reveal recurrent renal cell carcinoma in the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the left renal fossa, thrombus in the left external vein and acute pulmonary embolism.

[A clinical study for intravesical recurrence after surgical therapy of urotherial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract].

To identify the risk factors for developing subsequent bladder carcinoma in patients undergoing surgical management of urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the upper urinary tract, we retrospectively studied 119 (median age 69, 81 males and 38 females) patients who underwent surgical resection at Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokosuka Kyousai Hospital and Chigasaki Municipal Hospital from August 1980 to September 2006. After a median follow up of 37.7 months, 42 cases (35.

ETS family-associated gene fusions in Japanese prostate cancer: analysis of 194 radical prostatectomy samples.

The incidence and clinical significance of the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion in prostate cancer has been investigated with contradictory results. It is now common knowledge that significant variability in gene alterations exists according to ethnic background in various kinds of cancer. In this study, we evaluated gene fusions involving the ETS gene family in Japanese prostate cancer.

[Rupture of renal angiomyolipoma during pregnancy: a case report].

A 39-year-old woman, who was followed because of a 4 cm asymptomatic angiomyolipoma (AML) in the left kidney, presented with an acute onset of lower left back pain in the 38th week of her first pregnancy. An ultrasound revealed an 8 cm mass suggestive of AML rupture and retroperitoneal hemorrhage. An emergency caesarean delivery was performed.

[Segmental infarction of the testis presenting as acute scrotum: a case report].

We report a case of segmental testicular infarction that is a rare and usually idiopathic. The patient is a 36-year-old man who presented with acute right scrotal pain and swelling. Scrotal ultrasound demonstrated a round hypoechoic lesion and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings could not rule out intratesticular hemorrhage or necrotic tissue associated with malignant neoplasm.

[A clinical study concerning survival of operative cases for the transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract].

To identify prognostic factors influencing survival in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the upper urinary tract, we retrospectively studied 189 (median age 70, 130 males and 59 females) patients who underwent surgical resection at our 3 hospitals from August 1980 to September 2006. After a median follow up of 47.8 months, 45 cases (23.

Alterations of p16 and p14ARF genes and their 9p21 locus in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The p16 gene encodes a 16-kDa cyclin kinase inhibitor, and the p14ARF gene a 14-kDa protein, which acts as a cell cycle regulator or tumor suppressor in human cancer cells. Both genes are mapped on chromosome 9p21. Previous studies have suggested that the p16 gene has important roles in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

[A case of hormone/docetaxel-refractory prostate cancer in which PSA level decreased after docetaxel+zoledronic acid treatment].

The patient was a 63-year-old man who had a recurrence and bone metastasis of prostate cancer after total prostatectomy. He was diagnosed with prostate cancer refractory to hormones. Subsequently, the PSA level decreased after docetaxel therapy, but then gradually increased.

[Retroperitoneal Castleman's disease presenting characteristic image finding].

A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized in our institute with fever up and abdominal pain. Computerized tomography showed a retroperitoneal mass (8 cm in diameter) with arborizing calcification, which was enhanced homogeneously in the arterial phase. The operation was performed and parthological diagnosis revealed hyaline vascular type Castleman's disease.

[Massive residual stones after ESWL for staghorn cystine calculi were completely dissolved by oral administration of alkaline citrate: a case report].

A 62-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for bilateral renal stones. Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral staghorn calculi and atrophic left kidney. She had extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for right renal stone during the first 6 months.

[Significance of thcg assay in the management of testicular cancer--the possibility of a standard assay in testicular cancer as an alternative to FbetahCG assay].

Purpose: There are three kind of assays related to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) : free beta hCG (fbetahCG), which is the standard assay for the management of testicular cancer in Japan, intact hCG (ihCG), which detects hCG only, and total hCG (thCG), which detects hCG free-betahCG and possibly other degradation products. We examined the efficacy of thCG assay for the management of testicular cancer.

Materials And Methods: The simultaneous determination of serum thCG (DPC IMMULYZE hCG), ihCG (hCG [SRL] or (ECLusys hCG STAT)) and fbetahCG (BALL ELSA F-betahCG) was performed in 21 patients with germ-cell tumor (18 gonadal tumors and 3 extra-gonadal tumors; 8 seminomatous germ-cell tumors [SGCTs] and 13 non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors [NSGCTs]) during treatment.

[Questionnaire on suitableness and acceptableness of cancer notification in aged Japanese prostate cancer patients].

Purpose: In Japan, sometimes a patient with malignant fatal disease is not informed the diagnosis. We tried to investigate if the informed consent of cancer notification is acceptable and suitable for aged Japanese prostate cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: From January to June 2003, we distributed a questionnaire to outpatients who had been followed up for more than 6 months after the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Usefulness of ultrasensitive prostate-specific antigen assay for early detection of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy.

Background: In order to assess whether the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir obtained with an ultrasensitive PSA assay can be used as a prognostic indicator for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, we investigated it retrospectively.

Methods: Between October 1997 and July 2003, 46 patients underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer at our institution. None of them received preoperative treatment.

[A case of therapy-related leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome following treatment of refractory testicular germ cell tumor].

We report a patient with a refractory testicular non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) who developed therapy-related leukemia (TRL) after undergoing salvage chemotherapy and multiple operations for repeat recurrences. Fifty months after the initial therapy, pancytopenia and myeloblasts were observed in the patient's peripheral blood while the patient was undergoing salvage chemotherapy for a fifth recurrence. A bone marrow examination showed evidence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB in T) under French-America-British (FAB) classification.

[Two cases of testicular cancer with low human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels after treatment].

Some patients with testicular cancer exhibit low human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels even after successful treatment. We report 2 patients with testicular cancer (2 non-seminomatous germ cell tumors [NSGCTs]) and low betahhCG levels with no recurrence after successful treatment. The first patient is a 45-year-old man with pulmonary and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases.

Primary testicular leiomyosarcoma.

We report a case of primary testicular leiomyosarcoma. A 76-year-old man, who complained of left scrotal swelling for 6 months, underwent radical orchiectomy. Microscopic examination revealed intratesticular leiomyosarcoma.

[Comparison of value of free-to total prostate specific antigen, prostate specific antigen density and prostate specific antigen density of transition zone for diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with a PSA level of 4.1-10 ng/ml].

Purpose: We evaluated the utility of free-to total PSA (F/T PSA) ratio, PSA density (PSAD) and PSA density of the transition zone (PSATZ) in diagnosis of prostate cancer with intermediate PSA level (4.1-10 ng/ml).

Patients And Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2003, systematic prostate biopsies were performed on 178 patients with intermediate PSA level.

[Observation policy for residual masses after chemotherapy for gonadal and extra-gonadal germ cell tumors].

Twenty-five patients with germ cell tumors who had marker-free residual masses after undergoing chemotherapy were followed for up to 10 years (median, 21 months). The primary tumor sites were the gonads in 20 patients (6 seminomas [SGCTs] and 14 non-seminomatous germ cell tumors [NSGCTs]) and extra-gonadal regions in 5 patients (5 NSGCTs). All residual masses were observed in patients with SGCT.

[Usefulness of extension of disease as a prognostic factor in relapsed prostate cancer patients of stage D].

Objective: The prognosis of prostate cancer has been evaluated by clinical stage or pathological grade. PSA parameters including PSA density and PSA doubling time have not always precisely reflected the prognosis of prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate PSA parameters and extension of disease (EOD) grade as prognostic factors for relapsed prostate cancer.