Genetic Risk Factors Associated With Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.

Importance: A genetic contribution to preeclampsia susceptibility has been established but is still incompletely understood.

Objective: To disentangle the underlying genetic architecture of preeclampsia and preeclampsia or other maternal hypertension during pregnancy with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This GWAS included meta-analyses in maternal preeclampsia and a combination phenotype encompassing maternal preeclampsia and preeclampsia or other maternal hypertensive disorders.

Increased Risk of Preeclampsia in Women With a Genetic Predisposition to Elevated Blood Pressure.

Background: Preeclampsia causes significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. Genetic factors seem to affect the onset of the disease. We aimed to investigate whether the polygenic risk score for blood pressure (BP; BP-PRS) is associated with preeclampsia, its subtypes, and BP values during pregnancy.

Use of total internal reflection Raman (TIR) and attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy to analyze component separation in thin offset ink films after setting on coated paper surfaces.

The interactive behavior of ink constituents with porous substrates during and after the offset print process has an important effect on the quality of printed products. To help elucidate the distribution of ink components between the retained ink layer and the substrate, a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic analysis techniques have been developed. This paper describes for the first time the use of total internal reflection (TIR) Raman spectroscopy to analyze the penetration behavior of separated offset ink components (linseed oil, solid color pigment) in coated papers providing chemically intrinsic information rapidly, nondestructively, and with minimal sample preparation.

[Should I treat or prevent a pathologic fracture?].

Many cancer diseases will eventually spread to the bones. Fracture-prone metastases should as far as possible be treated preemptively, in which case the operation will be easier both for the surgeon and the patient. Intramedullary nailing, often strengthened with bone cement, is the most commonly utilized method.

Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors in Finland during 1990-2009: a population-based study.

Background: Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFTs) are rare bone and soft tissue tumors characterized by specific genetic alterations. Our aim was to carry out a nationwide analysis of ESFT, to survey the treatments used and to report the five-year disease specific and event-free survival rates (EFS and DSS).

Material And Methods: The study data was gathered from the Finnish National Cancer Registry and all five University Hospitals and consisted of 76 bone and soft tissue ESFT patients diagnosed during 1990-2009.

[Psychoactive drugs and accident risk in road traffic].

In the DRUID (Driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines) study, the risk of injury and death was calculated for different psychoactive substances on the basis of samples collected from drivers in road traffic and in various accident situations. The number of persons having used alcohol or drugs with negative effects on the ability to drive was lower in Finland than in Europe on the average. Aggravated drunk drivers and mixed substance abusers pose an accident risk that can be several hundredfold higher compared with sober drivers.

Incidence, epidemiology and treatment results of osteosarcoma in Finland - a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma in Finland during 1991-2005 were retrospectively analyzed in a nationwide, population-based study. We focused on the incidence, treatment and outcome of osteosarcoma patients. We also evaluated the value of known prognostic parameters.

PET imaging of blood flow and glucose metabolism in localized musculoskeletal tumors of the extremities.

Introduction: Little is known about blood flow in sarcomas. Our purpose was to study glucose metabolism and blood flow in untreated localized musculoskeletal tumors of the extremities using [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), oxygen-15 labeled water ([15O]H(2)O) and positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: Six patients with high-grade osteosarcoma (OS), two with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) and one with aneurysmal bone cyst had PET studies with [15O]H(2)O and FDG.

Chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of inoperable high-grade osteosarcoma.

Radical surgery is not feasible for all osteosarcoma patients. Overall survival for non-extremity osteosarcoma, as well as for patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis remains poor. For such patients, radical radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy may present an effective treatment approach.

Osteosarcoma in Finland from 1971 through 1990: a nationwide study of epidemiology and outcome.

Background And Purpose: There have only been a few nationwide studies on the epidemiology and outcome of osteosarcoma. We report the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of osteosarcoma in Finland for the period 1971-1990.

Methods: The study material was derived from population-based data from the national Finnish Cancer Registry.

Observational failures/distraction and disease attack/incapacity as cause(s) of fatal road crashes in Finland.

Objective: To study the incidence of health-related conditions and observational failures/distraction (OFD) as an immediate cause for fatal motor vehicle accidents (FMVA) and to correlate them with driver's age.

Methods: Retrospective study of all FMVA in Finland secondary to OFD from January 1995 to December 2005 and FMVA secondary to a disease attack/incapacity (DA) from January 2003 to December 2004. The data were based on the final investigation reports of the Finnish Motor Insurers' Centre.

Cement is recommended in intralesional surgery of giant cell tumors: a Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study of 294 patients followed for a median time of 5 years.

Background: Giant cell tumors of bone rarely metastasize but often recur locally after surgery. There is limited knowledge about the risk of recurrence related to different types of treatment.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed factors affecting the local recurrence rate in 294 patients with giant cell tumors of the extremities using prospectively collected material from 13 centers.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone: analysis of genomic imbalances by comparative genomic hybridisation and C-MYC expression by immunohistochemistry.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone is a rare, highly malignant tumour. As very little is known about its genetic alterations, 26 bone MFHs were analysed by comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH). Twenty-three tumours (89%) had DNA sequence copy number changes (mean, 7.

Treatment of local recurrences of giant cell tumour in long bones after curettage and cementing. A Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study.

We retrospectively studied local recurrence of giant cell tumour in long bones following treatment with curettage and cementing in 137 patients. The median follow-up time was 60 months (3 to 166). A total of 19 patients (14%) had at least one local recurrence, the first was diagnosed at a median of 17 months (3 to 29) after treatment of the primary tumour.

Economic evaluation of temozolomide in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.

Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent with demonstrated efficacy as therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma. TMZ has widely replaced the procarbazine, lomustine plus vincristine (PCV) combination for the treatment of malignant brain tumours as a result of its oral administration and favourable toxicity profile.

Objectives: This study had three related aims.

Gene amplifications in osteosarcoma-CGH microarray analysis.

Little is known about the genomic alterations underlying osteosarcoma. We performed a genomewide high-resolution gene copy number analysis of 22 osteosarcoma samples using comparative genomic hybridization on a cDNA microarray that contained cDNA clones of about 13,000 genes. Nineteen of the 22 cases had amplifications that on average spanned more than 1 Mb and contained more than 10 genes.

Radicular lower extremity pain as the first symptom of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Clinical symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are generally nausea, vomiting, fatigue, constipation, and hypotonicity of the muscles and ligaments; bone pain and tenderness are also seen but are more common in secondary hyperparathyroidism. We report a histologically confirmed case of a 28-year-old man whose sole symptom of primary hyperparathyroidism was lower extremity radicular pain due to a vertebral brown tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated brown tumor to be hyperintense on T2-weighted and slightly hypointense on T1-weighted sequences; it showed intense contrast enhancement with gadolinium.

Cost-minimization analysis of treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Implications of varying holding time on conclusions.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common disorder. The most effective medical treatment for GERD is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). The aim of this study was to specify the most inexpensive PPI therapy for GERD, and to examine the implications of varying outcome measure, holding time, on the conclusions about the cost-effectiveness of the treatments.

Lower limb amputations in Southern Finland in 2000 and trends up to 2001.

Objectives: To assess the current incidence of major lower limb amputations in Southern Finland and epidemiological trends during the last 17 years.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective survey for the year 2000 patient data was gathered from hospital records in the eight surgical hospitals in the area studied. Follow-up was 1 year.

Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Osteosarcoma Study SSG VIII: prognostic factors for outcome and the role of replacement salvage chemotherapy for poor histological responders.

From 1990 to 1997, 113 eligible patients with classical osteosarcoma received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of high-dose methotrexate, cisplatin and doxorubicin. Good histological responders continued to receive the same therapy postoperatively, while poor responders received salvage therapy with an etoposide/ifosfamide combination. With a median follow-up of 83 months, the projected metastasis-free and overall survival rates at 5 years are 63 and 74%, respectively.

Chondrosarcoma in a family with multiple hereditary exostoses.

Multiple hereditary exostoses is an autosomal dominant skeletal disorder in which there are numerous cartilage-capped excrescences in areas of actively growing bone. The condition is genetically heterogeneous, and at least three genes, ext1, ext2 and ext3 are involved. The reported risk for malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma has been from 0.

Intubation and survival in severe paediatric blunt head injury.

The majority of severe childhood injuries are due to head injuries. We studied the impact of emergency intubation in a cohort of children suffering severe blunt head trauma. A 10-year retrospective case note analysis was performed on 176 children (age < 16 years) with severe blunt head trauma (abbreviated injury scale > or =4) in Southern Finland, who required intensive care in a level 1 trauma centre, or who died despite initiation of life supporting measures at the scene.

A novel splice site mutation of the EXT2 gene in a Finnish hereditary multiple exostoses family. Mutations in brief no. 197. Online.

Hereditary multiple exostoses is a dominantly inherited disease characterized by multiple benign osteochondromas. The affected individuals have an increased risk of developing sarcoma. A large Finnish family with hereditary multiple exostosis was analyzed to find the disease-causing mutation.

Clinical significance of genetic imbalances revealed by comparative genomic hybridization in chondrosarcomas.

DNA copy number changes were studied by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in 50 chondrosarcoma samples from 45 patients. Mean number of genetic aberrations in primary tumors was 4.8 +/- 1.