Sun protection behaviors, healthcare access, and smoking among melanoma survivors.

Purpose: Based on current clinical practice guidelines, melanoma survivors should be advised on the need for sun protection and regular healthcare, as well as smoking cessation, but differences from adults without cancer history are unclear.

Methods: We pooled data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2006, 2009-2018), matching 249 melanoma survivors with 498 adults without a cancer history. Adjusted prevalence odds ratios (aPOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Melanoma: Cutaneous, Version 2.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Cutaneous Melanoma (termed Melanoma: Cutaneous) provide multidisciplinary recommendations for diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment of patients. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on the update to neoadjuvant systemic therapy options and summarize the new clinical data evaluated by the NCCN panel for the recommended therapies in Version 2.2024 of the NCCN Guidelines for Cutaneous Melanoma.

Melanoma progression and prognostic models drawn from single-cell, spatial maps of benign and malignant tumors.

Melanoma clinical outcomes emerge from incompletely understood genetic mechanisms operating within the tumor and its microenvironment. Here, we used single-cell RNA-based spatial molecular imaging (RNA-SMI) in patient-derived archival tumors to reveal clinically relevant markers of malignancy progression and prognosis. We examined spatial gene expression of 203,472 cells inside benign and malignant melanocytic neoplasms, including melanocytic nevi and primary invasive and metastatic melanomas.

Dermoscopic Features of Melanocytic Nevi in Cardiofaciocutaneous and Costello Syndromes.

Importance: Somatic variants in the RAS/MAPK pathway genes are commonly associated with melanocytic nevi and melanoma, whereas germline variants in these genes are associated with RASopathies, syndromes involving multiple organs, including the skin. Nevi counts may be higher in some RASopathies, but studies on features observed through dermoscopy are limited.

Objective: To determine the distinguishing dermoscopic features of melanocytic nevi and how the RAS pathway influences them by comparing nevi in patients with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC) and Costello syndrome (CS).

Infliximab-induced amicrobial pustulosis of the folds in a patient with Crohn disease.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors may paradoxically induce pustular eruptions, most of which are classified as pustular psoriasis. Amicrobial pustulosis of the folds (APF) is a much rarer entity that was recently recognized to occur in the setting of chronic anti-TNF therapy and inflammatory bowel disease, with 12 existing cases in the literature. Amicrobial pustulosis of the folds is a neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by aseptic pustules involving the major and minor skin folds, genital regions, and scalp.

Desmosome mutations impact the tumor microenvironment to promote melanoma proliferation.

Desmosomes are transmembrane protein complexes that contribute to cell-cell adhesion in epithelia and other tissues. Here, we report the discovery of frequent genetic alterations in the desmosome in human cancers, with the strongest signal seen in cutaneous melanoma where desmosomes are mutated in >70% of cases. In primary but not metastatic melanoma biopsies, the burden of coding mutations in desmosome genes associates with a strong reduction in desmosome gene expression.

Localized calcium oxalate crystals in primary cutaneous aspergillosis.

Select Aspergillus species can produce oxalate as a fermentation byproduct, which may react with calcium ions to produce insoluble calcium oxalate crystals in tissues. These crystals are frequently associated with pulmonary Aspergillus infections, yet are rarely described in primary cutaneous aspergillosis. Herein, we report the presence of calcium oxalate crystals detected on cutaneous specimens from primary cutaneous Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus infections in an immunocompromised, premature infant.

Melanocytic neoplasms in neurofibromatosis type 1: a systematic review.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 ( NF1 ) is commonly mutated in melanoma, yet the risk of melanoma in individuals with NF1 is incompletely understood. We performed a systematic review to investigate the risk and characteristics of melanoma and melanocytic nevi in NF1 individuals. PubMed was searched for articles describing NF1 individuals with melanoma, or melanocytic nevi.

A pruritic pedunculated pink nodule on the leg.

Herein, we present a patient with a lipidized fibrous histiocytoma, an underrecognized variant of dermatofibroma (cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma). Our patient presented with a nodule on the ankle that showed foamy histiocytes and hyalinized collagen bundles on histology. This case highlights a classic presentation and features of lipidized fibrous histiocytoma, raising further awareness of this distinctive variant of dermatofibroma that should be distinguished from xanthoma and xanthogranuloma.

Characteristics of patients with juvenile dermatomyositis from 2001-2021 at a tertiary care center.

Background: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common inflammatory myopathy in the pediatric population and can represent a medical emergency. However, many features of JDM remain poorly understood, disease presentation is highly variable, and predictors of disease course have yet to be identified.

Methods: This retrospective chart review included 47 JDM patients seen at a tertiary care center over a 20-year period.