Highly Stretchable 3D Microelectrode Array for Noninvasive Functional Evaluation of Cardiac Spheroids and Midbrain Organoids.

Organoids are 3D biological models that recapitulate the complex structures and functions of human organs. Despite the rapid growth in the generation of organoids, in vitro assay tools are still limited to 2D forms. Thus, a comprehensive and continuous functional evaluation of the electrogenic organoids remains a challenge.

Application of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT radiomic features and machine learning to predict early recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer after curative-intent therapy.

Objective: To predict the recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) within 2 years after curative-intent treatment using a machine-learning approach with PET/CT-based radiomics.

Patients And Methods: A total of 77 NSCLC patients who underwent pretreatment 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed. Five clinical features (age, sex, tumor stage, tumor histology, and smoking status) and 48 radiomic features extracted from primary tumors on PET were used for binary classifications.

Clinical Experiences of High-Risk Pulmonary Thromboembolism Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Single Institution.

Background: The main cause of death in pulmonary embolism (PE) is right-heart failure due to acute pressure overload. In this sense, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) might be useful in maintaining hemodynamic stability and improving organ perfusion. Some previous studies have reported ECMO as a bridge to reperfusion therapy of PE.

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis simulating pulmonary malignancy: A case report.

Rationale: Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG) has recently been termed "sarcoidosis with NSG pattern" for the disease entity representing nodular sarcoidosis with granulomatous pulmonary angiitis. It is characterized by sarcoid-like granulomas, vasculitis, and a variable degree of necrosis. Its rarity and nonspecific clinical symptoms can easily lead to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis.

Therapy-related myeloid leukemia during erlotinib treatment in a non-small cell lung cancer patient: A case report.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are tolerable drugs used for patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Serious adverse reactions are uncommon compared with cytotoxic drugs.

Case Summary: A 52-year-old man presented with general weakness and cytopenia.

Missed Lung Cancers on Chest Radiograph: An Illustrative Review of Common Blind Spots on Chest Radiograph with Emphasis on Various Radiologic Presentations of Lung Cancers.

Missed lung cancers on chest radiograph (CXR) may delay the diagnosis and affect the prognosis. CXR is the primary imaging modality to evaluate the lungs and mediastinum in daily practice. The purpose of this article is to review chest radiographs for common blind spots and highlight the importance of various radiologic presentations in primary lung cancer to avoid significant diagnostic errors on CXR.

The activation of NLRP3-inflammsome by stimulation of diesel exhaust particles in lung tissues from emphysema model and RAW 264.7 cell line.

Background/aims: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) lead to elevation of reactive oxygen species, which can activate the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family members containing the pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3)-inf lammasome. In this study, we elucidated whether NLRP3 -inf lammasome is activated by DEPs and whether antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine [NAC]) could inhibit such activation.

Methods: RAW 264.

Increased antioxidant activity after exposure of ozone in murine asthma model.

Background: Ozone is well known as an important component of ambient air pollutants. Ozone can aggravate respiratory symptoms in patients with bronchial asthma, but, not in healthy person. We hypothesized asthma itself may show different response to ozone compared to nonasthma.

Multiple Ewing Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors in the Mediastinum: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumors (ES/PNET) are high-grade malignant neoplasms. These malignancies present very rare tumors of thoracopulmonary area and even rarer in the mediastinum. In our knowledge, ES/PNET presented with multiple mediastinal masses has not been reported previously.

p53 Expression in a Malignant Mesothelioma Patient during Seven-Year Follow-up.

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is the aggressive tumor of serosal surfaces. There are crude pathogenetic results regarding the biology of MM. Coordinated upregulations of p53 gene expression are shown in malignancies.

Effect of rivaroxaban on fibrinolytic therapy in massive pulmonary embolism: two cases.

The risk of dying from a pulmonary embolism (PE) is estimated to be about 30% if inotropic support is required and no cardiopulmonary arrest occurs. Fibrinolysis in massive PE is regarded as a life-saving intervention, unless there is a high risk of bleeding following the use of the fibrinolytic therapy. Rivaroxaban is an oral factor Xa inhibitor, however its anticoagulation effects before or after administration of fibrinolytics in massive PE are still unknown.

Association of serum leptin and adiponectin with obesity in asthmatics.

Background: Mounting evidence implicates obesity as a major risk factor for asthma. Leptin and adiponectin produced by fat tissues play a critical role in the regulation of body weight and allergic inflammation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of leptin and adiponectin on development of asthma.

Association of IL-17RB gene polymorphism with asthma.

Background: Interleukin (IL)-17E is a member of the IL-17 family, which induces IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and eotaxin in experimental animals via IL-17 receptor B (IL-17RB). The activation of IL-17RB amplifies allergic-type inflammatory responses by inducing Jun kinase (or JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (or MAPK), and nuclear factor-kappaB.

Objectives: We examined the association of polymorphisms in the IL-17RB gene with asthma susceptibility and investigated the effects of those polymorphisms on the transcription of various IL-17RB isoforms.

Cigarette smoking-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia: a case report including a provocation test.

The mechanism and cause of acute eosinophilic pneumonia are largely unknown. Many factors including the smoking of cigarettes have been suggested, but none have been proven to directly cause acute eosinophilic pneumonia. The authors report a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia in a young Asian male who recently started smoking.

Malignant mesothelioma cells are rapidly sensitized to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by low-dose anisomycin via Bim.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) holds promise for the treatment of tumors; however, many tumors are resistant to TRAIL alone. We previously showed that resistant malignant mesothelioma cells are sensitized to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by diverse toxic insults including chemotherapy, irradiation, or protein translation inhibitors such as cycloheximide. In seeking nontoxic sensitizers for TRAIL, we tested the protein translation inhibitor anisomycin at subtoxic concentrations 10- to 100-fold below those reported to inhibit protein translation.

Clostridium difficile small-bowel enteritis after total proctocolectomy: a rare but fatal, easily missed diagnosis. Report of a case.

Purpose: Clostridium difficile enteritis is a rare infection, with less than a dozen cases reported in the literature. We present a case of a patient with total proctocolectomy and ileostomy, developing Clostridium difficile infection of small bowel. We discuss the role of Clostridium difficile toxins and review previously reported cases of Clostridium difficile enteritis after total colectomy.

Combined preemptive and preventive analgesia in morbidly obese patients undergoing open gastric bypass: A pilot study.

Purpose: It is difficult to balance adequate pain control against the risk of sedation and depressed breathing in severely obese patients. This study assesses the effects of combined preemptive and preventive analgesia on narcotic use after open gastric bypass.

Methods: Twenty patients were randomized in this prospective double-blind trial comparing preoperative 30 mg intravenous ketorolac (Toradol), 0.

Aberrant right subclavian artery associated with a common origin of carotid arteries.

We present a patient with a rare anomaly of the aortic arch. Angiography revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery (aRSA) originating from the middle of the aortic arch. Angiography also demonstrated an anomalous origin of the left common carotid artery sharing a common trunk with the innominate artery and a large right vertebral artery arising from the right common carotid artery.

A novel in vitro model of human mesothelioma for studying tumor biology and apoptotic resistance.

Like many tumors, malignant mesothelioma exhibits significant chemoresistance and resistance to apoptosis in vivo that is not seen in current in vitro models. To study the mechanisms of this multicellular resistance, biologically relevant in vitro models are necessary. Therefore, we characterized and tested human mesothelioma tissue grown in vitro as tumor fragment spheroids.