The objective was to understand the impacts of secondary lipid oxidation products on calpain-2 activity and autolysis and, subsequently, to determine the quantity and localization of modification sites. 2-Hexenal and 4-hydroxynonenal incubation significantly decreased calpain-2 activity and slowed the progression of autolysis, while malondialdehyde had minimal impact on calpain-2 activity and autolysis. Specific modification sites were determined with LC-MS/MS, including distinct malondialdehyde modification sites on the calpain-2 catalytic and regulatory subunits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuper soft kernel texture is associated with superior milling and baking performance in soft wheat. To understand the mechanism underlying super soft kernel texture, we studied proteomic changes between a normal soft and a super soft during kernel development. The cultivar 'Alpowa', a soft white spring wheat, was crossed to a closely related super soft spring wheat line 'BC2SS163' to produce F6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of lipid peroxidation products, malondialdehyde (MDA), hexenal, and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), on calpain-1 function, and liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identification of adducts on calpain-1. Calpain-1 activity slightly increased after incubation with 100 μM MDA but not with 500 and 1000 μM MDA. However, calpain-1 activity was lowered by hexenal and HNE at 100, 500, and 1000 μM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ratio of κ light chains to λ light chains (κ:λ) in serum is used as a biomarker of immunoglobulin secreting neoplasia in humans but has not been evaluated in dogs. A mass-spectrometry based method for determining the canine serum κ:λ was developed and used to evaluate samples from control dogs, dogs with an infectious aetiology, dogs with secretory plasma cell tumours (sPCT) and dogs with non-secretory B cell neoplasia. A human-targeted immunoturbidometric κ:λ assay and immunofixation using antisera targeting human κ light chain or λ light chain was also performed on all samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Microbe Interact
September 2022
Potato is a major staple crop, and necrotrophic bacterial pathogens such as spp. are a major threat to global food security. Most lines of cultivated potato () are susceptible to spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNA is a biopolymer present in all domains of life, and its interactions with other molecules and/or reactive species, e.g., DNA, proteins, ions, drugs, and free radicals, are ubiquitous.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Assuring adequate antibiotic tissue concentrations at the point of infection, especially in skin and soft tissue infections, is pivotal for an effective treatment and cure. Despite the global issue, a reliable AB monitoring test is missing. Inadequate antibiotic treatment leads to the development of antimicrobial resistances and toxic side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a point-of-care osmotic device concentrates important human milk (HM) nutrients to support feeding neonates requiring high-nutrient, low-volume feedings.
Study Design: Raw and pasteurized HM samples were concentrated to determine the effects of time and temperature on concentration. Concentrated samples were compared with matched baseline samples to measure changes in selected nutrient concentrations.
Bovine (LL) and (PM) muscles biopsy samples were collected from four carcasses ( = 4) at 45 min, 12 h, and 36 h postmortem from a commercial beef processing facility. Proteins present in the early postmortem LL and PM proteomes were identified and quantified using tandem mass tag (TMT) labelled, fractionated peptides coupled to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The data are supplied in this article and are related to "Tandem mass tag labeling to characterize muscle-specific proteome changes in beef during early postmortem period" by Zhai et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommon wheat ( L.) is a global staple crop, and insect pests can impact grain yield. The wheat stem sawfly (, WSS) is a major wheat pest, and while partial resistance has been deployed by breeding for a solid-stem trait, this trait is affected by environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe yeast nucleosome assembly protein 1 (yNap1) plays a role in chromatin maintenance by facilitating histone exchange as well as nucleosome assembly and disassembly. It has been suggested that yNap1 carries out these functions by regulating the concentration of free histones. Therefore, a quantitative understanding of yNap1-histone interactions also provides information on the thermodynamics of chromatin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe organization of skeletal muscles in decapod crustaceans is significantly altered during molting and development. Prior to molting, the claw muscles atrophy dramatically, facilitating their removal from the base of the claw. During development, lobster claw muscles exhibit fiber switching over several molt cycles.
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