Left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with atrial fibrillation and intracerebral haemorrhage associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a multicentre observational study and pooled analysis of published studies.

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common cause of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) with a high recurrence risk. Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is a method for ischaemic stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), potentially reducing the risk of intracranial bleeding in CAA-associated ICH. We aimed to determine the outcomes of patients with AF with CAA-associated ICH undergoing LAAO.

Utility of the ASPECT Score for Predicting Intracranial Hemorrhage Following Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Suspected MCA Infarction: Insights from the Northern Thai Stroke Registry.

Purpose:  The association between the Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing thrombolysis remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between ASPECTS and thrombolysis-associated outcomes, focusing on symptomatic (sICH) and asymptomatic (aICH) ICH.

Patients And Methods:  AIS patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory treated with thrombolysis were enrolled.

Temporal and Spatial Clustering of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Objectives: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-associated lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has a high risk of recurrence, but the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. We, therefore, aimed to characterize patterns of recurrent ICH.

Methods: We investigated early recurrent ICH (≥1 recurrent ICH event within 90 days of the index event) and ICH clusters (≥2 ICH events within 90 days at any time point) in 2 large cohorts of consecutive patients with first-ever ICH and available MRI.

Comparative efficacy and safety among different doses of tenecteplase for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objectives: Tenecteplase (TNK) is a promising alternative to alteplase (ALT) as the thrombolytic agent for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its clinical outcomes in certain populations remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety among different doses of TNK in AIS patients.

How calcineurin inhibitors affect cognition.

Aims: With a focus on the discrepancy between preclinical and clinical findings, this review will gather comprehensive information about the effects of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) on cognitive function and related brain pathology from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. We also summarize the potential mechanisms that underlie the pathways related to CNI-induced cognitive impairment.

Methods: We systematically searched articles in PubMed using keywords 'calcineurin inhibitor*' and 'cognition' to identify related articles, which the final list pertaining to underlying mechanisms of CNI on cognition.

Possible Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis and Interventions of Immune-Mediated Central Demyelinating Diseases.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are two of the most devastating immune-mediated central demyelinating disorders. NMOSD was once considered as a variant of MS until the discovery of an antibody specific to the condition. Despite both MS and NMOSD being considered central demyelinating disorders, their pathogenesis and clinical manifestations are distinct, however the exact mechanisms associated with each disease remain unclear.

The diagnostic tests and functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in young adults: A 4-year hospital-based observational study.

Background And Objectives: Ischemic strokes in young adults have been a significant concern due to various potential etiologies and had substantial clinical and public health impacts. We aimed to study the diagnostic tests, etiologies, and functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in young adult patients.

Methods: The data were retrieved from the Chiang Mai University Hospital Stroke Registry between January 2018 and December 2021.

Serum NT-proBNP level for predicting functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke.

N-terminus pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been studied and recognized as a biomarker of cardiac thrombogenicity and stroke risk. However, the association between NT-proBNP and functional outcomes following acute ischemic stroke is still debated. This study aimed to investigate whether serum NT-proBNP level is associated with functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke individuals.

A Simplified Risk Score to Predict In-Hospital Newly-Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant cause of stroke, and newly diagnosed AF (NDAF) is typically detected in the early period of stroke onset. We aimed to identify the factors associated with in-hospital NDAF in acute ischemic stroke patients and developed a simplified clinical prediction model.

Methods: Patients with cryptogenic stroke aged 18 years or older who were admitted between January 2017 and December 2021 were recruited.

Preseptal and Pretarsal Botulinum Toxin Injection in Hemifacial Spasm and Blepharospasm: A 10-Year Comparative Study.

Purpose: Preseptal and pretarsal botulinum toxin injections are approved for treatment of hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm. However, the long-term data is limited. We compared the efficacy, safety, and costs between preseptal and pretarsal injection in hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm.

Impact of dabigatran dose on drug levels in asian patients with atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism: evidence from pharmacological to clinical outcomes.

Dabigatran is commonly used in atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, there was limited data on dabigatran levels in Asian patients. This study aimed to investigate plasma levels of dabigatran 110 mg (D110) or 150 mg (D150) twice daily and their impact on clinical outcomes in Thai patients.

Outcomes of asymptomatic recombinant tissue plasminogen activator associated intracranial hemorrhage.

Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating complication of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients. Data on rtPA-associated asymptomatic ICH (aICH) are limited.

Objectives: To determine the incidence, risk factors, characteristics, management, and clinical outcome of rtPA-associated aICH.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in immune thrombocytopenia patients treated with thrombopoietin receptor agonist: Case reports and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon adverse event in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients treated with thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs).

Case Presentation: We reported two cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after eltrombopag administration. The first case is a 29-year-old ITP woman who recently initiated eltrombopag one month before admission.

Factors Associated with Unfavorable Functional Outcomes After Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Purpose: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) has become a standard treatment for eligible ischemic stroke patients. However, functional outcomes after receiving IVT varied widely. Hence the primary goal of this study is to identify characteristics related to poor outcomes.

Roles of humanin and derivatives on the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases and cognition.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are common among neurodegenerative diseases, but investigations into novel therapeutic approaches are currently limited. Humanin (HN) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide found in brain tissues of patients with familial AD and has been increasingly investigated in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Scope Of Review: In this review, we summarize and discuss the effects of HN on the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases and cognition based on several studies from preclinical to clinical models.

Conglomerate ring and tract-like enhancement lesions: Neuroimaging in brain abscess.

This report aims to describe a characteristic neuroimaging of brain abscess in predisposed patients. A 56-year-old man presented with fever and headache for 3 weeks. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed pleocytosis with lymphocytosis, high protein, and low glucose.

Implications of the Presence of Hyperdense Middle Cerebral Artery Sign in Determining the Subtypes of Stroke Etiology.

Background: Identifying stroke subtypes is crucial in choosing appropriate treatment, predicting outcomes, and managing recurrent stroke prevention.

Objectives: To study the association of hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) on noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) brain and subtypes of stroke etiology.

Methods: This is a retrospective hypothesis testing study.

PM2.5 exposure in association with AD-related neuropathology and cognitive outcomes.

Particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm or PM2.5 is recognized worldwide as a cause of public health problems, mainly associated with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

Internal carotid artery and bilateral vertebral arteries dissections associated with amphetamine abuse: Case report.

Arterial dissection is an important cause of stroke in young patients. Various factors influencing arterial dissection included amphetamine abuse and anterior circulation is the majority of stroke locations. We reported the Case of a 40-year-old male patient with chronic amphetamine used since childhood.

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the brain with middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) causes focal cerebral hypoperfusion, resulting in cerebral ischemia or ischemic stroke. The main therapeutic approach is to restore an adequate blood flow to the brain via the process of reperfusion. However, rapid reperfusion can itself aggravate brain damage; this adverse effect is known as ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury.