Publications by authors named "Kitchens M"

Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a topic that has received increasing focus among clinicians, researchers, and the public in recent years. While clinicians recognize the importance of respectful care, patients report that they are not consistently receiving it. The Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) created the RMC Framework, Evidence-Based Guidelines and Implementation Toolkit to provide nursing teams with the knowledge, tools, and structures they need to promote RMC.

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The bystander effect reveals that people are less likely to help a person in need when others are present. We examined the impact of priming the concept of responsibility on the bystander effect in a field study. Lone pedestrians ( = 259) were randomly assigned to a two (Bystanders: none and three nonresponsive bystanders) by two (Shirt: blank shirt and shirt with "Be Responsible" written on the front) design.

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Background: There is scant literature examining the predictive role of heart murmurs in the absence of suspected structural heart disease on complications of non-cardiac surgery. We hypothesize the detection of heart murmurs in the absence of structural heart disease will help identify patients at risk for complications following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) surgery.

Method: This was a prospective cohort of patients undergoing TJA over a twenty-month period.

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Article Synopsis
  • Self-regulation helps control prejudice, but when it weakens, the environment can influence our ability to manage prejudice.
  • Four studies support this idea, showing that fatigue decreases motivation to avoid prejudice, while strong social pressure increases such motivation.
  • When self-regulation is compromised, perceptions of social pressure can enhance or diminish non-prejudiced behavior depending on their strength.
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Parvalbumin (PV)-containing cortical GABA neurons include chandelier cells (PVChCs) and basket cells (PVBCs), which innervate the axon initial segment (AIS) and soma/proximal dendrites of pyramidal cells, respectively. In monkey prefrontal cortex (PFC), the density of PVChC axon cartridges detectable by PV immunoreactivity peaks prior to the onset of puberty before declining markedly to adult levels, whereas the density of PV-immunoreactive (IR) puncta (presumed PVBC boutons) increases during adolescence. These inverse developmental changes in bouton density could explain why an electron microscopy study found no change in the density of symmetric, presumably GABAergic, synapses between infancy and adulthood in monkey PFC.

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People typically have intense feelings about politics. Therefore, it was no surprise that the campaign and eventual election of Barack Obama were highly anticipated and emotionally charged events, making it and the emotion experienced afterward a useful situation in which to replicate prior research showing that people typically overestimate the intensity and duration of their future affective states. Consequently, it was expected that Obama supporters and McCain supporters might overestimate the intensity of their affective responses to the outcome of the election.

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Aim: Using scanning electron and light microscopy, this study qualitatively evaluated the erosive potential of carbonated cola beverages as well as sports and high-energy drinks on enamel surface substrate.

Methods And Materials: Beverages used in this study included: Coca Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Gatorade sports drink, Red Bull high-energy drink, and tap water (control). Extracted human permanent molars free of hypocalcification and/or caries were used in this study.

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Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of carbonated and non-carbonated beverages, bottled and tap water, on the erosive potential of dental enamel with and without fluoride varnish protection.

Materials And Methods: Beverages used in this study included: Coca Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Gatorade sports drink, Red Bull high-energy drink, Starbucks Frappuccino coffee drink, Dasani water (bottled), and tap water (control). Enamel surfaces were coated with Cavity Shield 5% sodium fluoride treatment varnish.

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5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been the foundation of advanced colorectal cancer treatment for over 40 years. The Apc(Min/+) mouse, which is genetically predisposed to intestinal neoplasia, was used to examine the effects of 5-FU in this system and the impact of dietary folic acid on those effects. 5-FU treatment resulted in a 60-80% reduction in tumor number.

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Drug-resistant variants of thymidylate synthase (TS) can potentially be used in gene therapy applications to decrease the myelosuppressive side effects of TS-directed anticancer agents or to select genetically modified cells in vivo. Mutations of proline 303 of human TS confer resistance to TS-directed fluoropyrimidines and antifolates (). We generated the corresponding variants in Escherichia coli TS (ecTS), position 254, to better understand the mechanism by which mutations at this residue confer resistance.

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Inhibitors of the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), such as the fluoropyrimidines 5-fluorouracil and 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd) or the antifolates AG337, ZD1694, and BW1843U89, are widely used in the chemotherapy of cancer, particularly cancer of the colon and rectum. Numerous studies have shown that TS gene amplification, leading to mRNA and enzyme overproduction, is a major mechanism of resistance to these inhibitors. In the present work, we have isolated and characterized FdUrd-resistant derivatives of several human colon tumor cell lines.

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Thymidylate synthase (TS) is indispensable in the de novo synthesis of dTMP. As such, it has been an important target at which anti-neoplastic drugs are directed. The fluoropyrimidines 5-fluorouracil and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine are cytotoxic as a consequence of inhibition of TS by the metabolite 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP).

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