The Efficacy of Short-Term Toe Resistance Training in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Resistance training is effective in chronic hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but its effect on toe pinch force (TPF) is unknown. This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted at three hospitals to investigate the effect of short-term toe resistance training on TPF in chronic hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly allocated to intervention (performed aerobic exercise and four toe resistance training exercises) and control (performed aerobic exercise only) groups.

The Association between Chronic Hemodialysis and Toe Pinch Force in Japanese Patients: Cross-Sectional Study.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the effect of chronic hemodialysis on toe pinch force (TPF). A total of 37 chronic hemodialysis patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (age: 69.4 ± 11.

An exploratory study of relationship between lower-limb muscle mass and diabetic polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: This exploratory study compared the lower-limb muscle mass (thigh muscle mass [TMM] and lower-leg muscle mass [LLMM]) in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN).

Methods: A total of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes, hospitalized for glycemic control, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. TMM and LLMM were measured using the bioelectrical impedance method.

Lymphoid tissue-resident Alcaligenes LPS induces IgA production without excessive inflammatory responses via weak TLR4 agonist activity.

Alcaligenes are opportunistic commensal bacteria that reside in gut-associated lymphoid tissues such as Peyer's patches (PPs); however, how they create and maintain their homeostatic environment, without inducing an excessive inflammatory response remained unclear. We show here that Alcaligenes-derived lipopolysaccharide (Alcaligenes LPS) acts as a weak agonist of toll-like receptor 4 and promotes IL-6 production from dendritic cells, which consequently enhances IgA production. The inflammatory activity of Alcaligenes LPS was weaker than that of Escherichia coli-derived LPS and therefore no excessive inflammation was induced by Alcaligenes LPS in vitro or in vivo.

Decrease in toe pinch force in male type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Background: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the toe pinch force (TPF) of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy by disease stage, and to clarify the factors affecting the TPF.

Methods: Seventy-four men with diabetic nephropathy (age: 62.7 ± 8.

Toe Pinch Force in Male Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

We compared the toe pinch force in men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sixty-eight male T2DM patients and 35 apparently healthy men matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We compared the toe pinch force between the subjects with and without T2DM, and we evaluated the effect of diabetic polyneuropathy on toe pinch force in the patients.

Effects of rikkunshito on quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease refractory to proton pump inhibitor therapy.

We investigated the effects of rikkunshito, in combination with a proton pump inhibitor, on symptoms and quality of life in patients with proton pump inhibitor-refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease. The subjects were 47 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease with residual symptoms such as heartburn following 8 weeks of proton pump inhibitor therapy. We administered these subjects rikkunshito in combination with a proton pump inhibitor for 6-8 weeks.

A pilot study of short-term toe resistance training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of short-term toe resistance training on toe pinch force and toe muscle quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 12 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized to improve glycemic control (8 men and 4 women, duration of diabetes 12.2 ± 9.

Relationship of toe pinch force to other muscle strength parameters in men with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relations between toe pinch force and other muscle strength parameters in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 40 men with type 2 diabetes (age: 53.4 ± 13.

Innate immunomodulation by lipophilic termini of lipopolysaccharide; synthesis of lipid As from Porphyromonas gingivalis and other bacteria and their immunomodulative responses.

Synthetic studies of lipid A and LPS partial structures have been performed to investigate the relationship between structures and functions of LPS. Recent studies have suggested several pathological implications of LPS from parasitic bacteria due to its influence on the host immune responses. To address this issue, we established an efficient synthetic strategy that is widely applicable to the synthesis of various lipid As by using a key disaccharide intermediate with selectively cleavable protecting groups.

Increased neural response to trauma scripts in posttraumatic stress disorder following paroxetine treatment: A pilot study.

Neuroimaging studies of individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have revealed altered patterns of activity in medial prefrontal brain regions, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), an area implicated in affect regulation. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been shown to effectively treat PTSD symptoms, but there remains a lack of functional neuroimaging research examining the effects of psychopharmacological treatment on brain function in PTSD. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effects of the SSRI paroxetine on neural responses to traumatic memories in a small sample of patients with PTSD, as measured with PET imaging; we hypothesized that paroxetine treatment would be associated with increased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the medial prefrontal cortex.

Neuropsychological functioning in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder following short-term paroxetine treatment.

Unlabelled: A previous study found improvements in verbal declarative memory in patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) following one year of open-label paroxetine treatment. The purpose of the present study was to replicate prior findings and to extend the previous study by comparing the effects of paroxetine versus placebo on cognition in patients with PTSD.

Methods: Eighteen participants with PTSD underwent assessment of neuropsychological function, following which they were randomized to receive controlled-release (CR) paroxetine or placebo, given in a variable dose in a double- blind manner for three months.

Morphologic alterations in the corpus callosum in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a preliminary study.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in children with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have demonstrated smaller corpus callosum area, with the greatest magnitude of change in posterior portions of the corpus callosum. The purpose of this study was to measure corpus callosum area in adult female patients with childhood abuse-related PTSD and comparison subjects. MRI was used to measure the midsagittal area of the corpus callosum as well as subregions of the corpus callosum in 9 female subjects with abuse-related PTSD and 9 healthy female subjects.

Smaller volume of anterior cingulate cortex in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder.

Objective: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays an important role in emotion, and studies in animals have shown changes in ACC structure with early life stress. The purpose of this study was to measure volume of the ACC in PTSD.

Method: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure ACC volume in 8 subjects with abuse-related PTSD and 13 healthy subjects without PTSD.