Enhancement of tendon-bone interface healing and graft maturation with cylindrical titanium-web (TW) in a miniature swine anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model: histological and collagen-based analysis.

Background: Tendon-bone interface healing and ligamentization of the graft in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with autografts are important factors affecting treatment outcome. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a cylindrical titanium-web (TW) in tendon-bone interface healing and graft maturation in ACL reconstruction.

Methods: Fourteen mature female CLAWN miniature swine underwent bilateral ACL reconstructions with patellar tendon (PT) autografts.

Local application of alendronate controls bone formation and β-tricalcium phosphate resorption induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2.

This study examined the ability of local alendronate (ALN) administration to control β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) resorption as well as the induction of bone formation by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). A 15-mm critical-sized bone defect was created in the diaphysis of rabbit ulnae. Nine female rabbits (4 to 5 months-old) were divided into 3 groups.

Effects of micro-porosity and local BMP-2 administration on bioresorption of β-TCP and new bone formation.

Background: It has been reported that the microporous structure of calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics is important to osteoconduction. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been shown to be a promising alternative to bone grafting and a therapeutic agent promoting bone regeneration when delivered locally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of micro-porosity within beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) cylinders and local BMP-2 administration on β-TCP resorption and new bone formation.

Basic research and clinical application of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).

The mechanism of bone substitute resorption involves two processes: solution-mediated and cell-mediated disintegration. In our previous animal studies, the main resorption process of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was considered to be cell-mediated disintegration by TRAP-positive cells. Thus, osteoclast-mediated resorption of β-TCP is important for enabling bone formation.

An Injectable Complex of β-tricalcium Phosphate Granules, Hyaluronate, and rhFGF-2 on Repair of Long-bone Fractures with Large Fragments.

We evaluated the effects of an injectable complex of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules, hyaluronate, and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) on repair of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Twenty-five patients (range, 76-91 years) having 31.A2 fractures (AO classification) were treated with injection of the complex followed by intramedullary nails.

A novel evaluation system to monitor bone formation and β-tricalcium phosphate resorption in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish an evaluation system to monitor bone formation and beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) resorption in opening high tibial osteotomy (HTO).

Methods: From 2003 to 2005, opening HTO was performed in 36 patients using a Puddu plate and β-TCP blocks with 60 and 75 % porosity. Thirty-one patients were used for evaluation.

Use of an Injectable Complex of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Granules, Hyaluronate, and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 on Repair of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures.

We evaluated effects of an injectable complex of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules, hyaluronate, and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) on repair of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Twenty-five patients (range, 76-91 years) having 31.A2 fractures (AO classification) were treated with injection of the complex followed by intramedullary nails.

Effects of alendronate on bone formation and osteoclastic resorption after implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of alendronate (ALN) on osteoclastic resorption of beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) and bone formation. beta-TCP blocks of 75% porosity, with or without ALN treatment, were implanted into cavities drilled in rabbit femoral condyles. New bone formation, residual amount of beta-TCP, and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells were evaluated 2 weeks after surgery.

Electron microscopic study on bone formation and bioresorption after implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate in rabbit models.

Background: The role of bone formation and bioresorption in an early stage after implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) was investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM).

Methods: The ceramic beta-TCP cylinders were implanted into cavities drilled in the femoral condyles of eight NZW rabbits. Four of the rabbits were sacrificed at 2 weeks and four at 4 weeks after implantation, respectively.

Bone formation and resorption in patients after implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate blocks with 60% and 75% porosity in opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Most of the implanted porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) can be resorbed. However, beta-TCP block with 75% porosity is inadequate for weight-bearing sites until bone incorporation occurs. Thus, the authors have recently developed beta-TCP block with 60% porosity, which is approximately sevenfold greater in terms of compressive strength than that of beta-TCP with 75% porosity.