Efficacy and Safety of Cilostazol in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Recent evidence indicates the efficacy of β-amyloid immunotherapy for the treatment of Alzheimer disease, highlighting the need to promote β-amyloid removal from the brain. Cilostazol, a selective type 3 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, promotes such clearance by facilitating intramural periarterial drainage.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of cilostazol in mild cognitive impairment.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain A25, a Bacterium with Algicidal Activity against Diatoms.

sp. strain A25 is a marine bacterium that reveals strong algicidal activity against diatoms. We report the draft genome sequence for this strain, which consists of two contigs (3,887,303 bp and 850,536 bp).

Hemicrania Continua Subsequent to Vertebral Artery Dissection: A Case Report.

We herein report the case of a 45-year-old woman who developed a continuous hemicranial headache subsequent to vertebral artery dissection (VAD). After remission of VAD, the patient repeatedly experienced right forehead and temporal region throbbing headache, accompanied by nausea, ocular hyperemia and lacrimation of the right eye, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. Magnetic resonance angiography did not reveal the recurrence of dissection.

Mesoscopic quantitative chemical analyses using STEM-EDX in current and next generation polycrystalline Ni-based superalloys.

Quantitative chemical analyses of NiAl based hardening precipitates (γ') in polycrystalline Ni based superalloys have been conducted using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), coupled with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The aim of the current investigation is (1) to evaluate the accuracy of calibration (k factor determinations and absorption corrections using a combination of differential X-ray absorption (DXA) and convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED)) by comparing with thermodynamic calculations and (2) to demonstrate the importance of the EDX chemical analysis by taking advantage of its unique capabilities to analyse sub-micron scale chemistries within a mesoscopic field of view under STEM. Our experimental findings show good agreement with the mole fraction ratio of γ' to the disordered γ matrix predicted using the Lever rule on a thermodynamically stabilised unimodal superalloy, RR1000.

[Primary angiitis of the central nervous system with cerebral infarction and spinal hemorrhage].

A 61-year-old woman presented with acute intense lower back pain and weakness in her left leg. She also presented with throbbing headache on the same day. On admission, muscle weakness in her left leg, lower left quadrantanopia and left lower extremity deep sensory disturbance were observed.

Suvorexant-Induced Dream Enactment Behavior in Parkinson Disease: A Case Report.

Suvorexant is a new insomnia drug, and it is generally safe and well tolerated. Here, we report a rare but potentially important adverse effect of suvorexant in a patient with Parkinson disease.

Cerebral Air Embolism with Pneumomediastinum Resulting from Emesis: A Case Report.

Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is a rare cause of stroke. Most cerebral air emboli are caused by iatrogenic factors, such as invasive cardiac and pulmonary procedures. Here, we report an unusual case of CAE not related to any medical intervention.

Quantitative analysis of carbon in cementite using pulsed laser atom probe.

Carbon quantification and the standardisation in a pure cementite were conducted using pulsed-laser atom probe tomography (APT). The results were analysed to investigate a dependence on three distinct experimental parameters; the laser pulse energy, the cryogenic specimen temperature and the laser pulse frequency. All the measurements returned an apparent carbon content of 25.

Unresectable colorectal liver metastases: the safety and efficacy of conversion therapy using hepatic arterial infusion immunochemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and polyethylene glycol-interferon α-2a.

Background: Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) or systemic chemotherapy has been used to treat unresectable colorectal liver metastases. The prognosis of the disease in recent years has been improved because chemotherapy is performed before hepatectomy to reduce tumor size (conversion therapy). The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of conversion therapy following HAI immunochemotherapy.

Transport critical current measurement apparatus using liquid nitrogen cooled high-T(c) superconducting magnet with variable temperature insert.

We have developed an apparatus to investigate transport critical current (I(c)) as a function of magnetic field and temperature using only liquid nitrogen. The apparatus consists of a (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(10) (Bi-2223) superconducting magnet, an outer dewar, and a variable temperature insert (VTI). The magnet, which is operated in depressurized liquid nitrogen, generates magnetic field up to 1.

Molecular ionics in supramolecular assemblies with channel structures containing lithium ions.

A novel trilithium compound, Li(3)[B(C(6)H(4)O(2)){O(CH(2)CH(2)O)(3)CH(3)}(2)][N(SO(2)CF(3))(2)](2) (1-2.0), with solid-state ionic conductivity was synthesized. The crystal structure of 1-2.

The clinical characteristics of spinocerebellar ataxia 36: a study of 2121 Japanese ataxia patients.

Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 is caused by the expansion of the intronic GGCCTG hexanucleotide repeat in NOP56. The original article describing this condition demonstrated that patients with spinocerebellar ataxia 36 present with tongue atrophy, a finding that had not been seen in previous types of spinocerebellar ataxias. A total of 2121 patients with clinically diagnosed spinocerebellar ataxia participated in the study.

[Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus meningitis by intrathecal injection of vancomycin].

A 70-year-old Japanese man developed fever, headache, and lumbago, presumably due to an epidural abscess caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the L5-S2 region. On the night of admission to our hospital, he showed disorientation to places and abnormal eating behavior, indicating a complication of MRSA meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination confirmed this diagnosis.

[A case of complete response after treatment with UFT and leucovorin for synchronous multiple liver metastases of rectal cancer].

The patient was a 55-year-old female who had multiple liver metastases of rectal cancer. This patient underwent hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Hepatic arterial infusion was discontinued due to severe diarrhea, and the administration of UFT (300 mg/day) and LV(75 mg/day) was then begun.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion accelerates amyloid beta deposition in APPSwInd transgenic mice.

Chronic cerebral ischemia may accelerate clinicopathological changes in Alzheimer's disease. We have examined whether chronic cerebral hypoperfusion accelerates amyloid beta deposition in amyloid protein precursor transgenic (APP-Tg) mouse. At 5, 8, and 11 months of age, C57Bl/6J male mice overexpressing a mutant form of the human APP bearing the both Swedish (K670N/M671L) and the Indiana (V717F) mutations (APPSwInd) and their litterrmates were subjected to either sham operation or bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) using microcoils with an internal diameter of 0.

A new titration system of a novel split-type superconducting magnet NMR spectrometer.

A new titration system for studying protein-ligand interactions has been developed. In this system, the sample solution is circulated in the route formed by an access path in a split superconducting magnet to maintain a constant protein concentration during the titration experiments. A concentration-control procedure for the ligand/protein ratio is devised, and the ligand/protein ratio is well controlled by this apparatus.

Conversion of cultured monocytes/macrophages into endothelial-like cells through direct contact with endothelial cells.

When culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a culture medium containing 4% human serum albumin, it was possible to maintain the epithelioid morphology and function for several months without subculturing. When coculturing endothelial cells and labeled monocytes/macrophages (Mo/Phi) that were collected from peripheral blood and allowed to engulf fluorescent latex beads, some Mo/Phi changed their shapes and became epithelioid cells that were indistinguishable from vascular endothelial cells. This transformation started within several hours of coculturing.

Osteoblast differentiation and bone formation gene expression in strontium-inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell.

Osteoblastic differentiation from human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) is an important step of bone formation. We studied the in vitro induction of hMSCs by using strontium ranelate, a natural trace amount in water, food and human skeleton. The mRNA synthesis of various osteoblast specific genes was assessed by means of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Capillary beds are decreased in Alzheimer's disease, but not in Binswanger's disease.

Morphological abnormalities of the cortical microvessels have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but not in Binswanger's disease (BD), a form of vascular dementia. Therefore, we compared the capillary beds in AD and BD brains, using a modified Gallyas silver impregnation method and immunohistochemistry for beta amyloid. Eight autopsied brains with AD and seven with BD were compared with six control brains.

Expression of S100 protein and protective effect of arundic acid on the rat brain in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

S100 protein is expressed primarily by astroglia in the brain, and accumulates in and around the ischemic lesions. Arundic acid, a novel astroglia-modulating agent, is neuroprotective in acute cerebral infarction, whereas the protective effects remain unknown during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Rats undergoing chronic cerebral hypoperfusion were subjected to a bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries, and were allowed to survive for 3, 7 and 14 days.

Activation of electron-transfer reduction of oxygen by hydrogen bond formation of superoxide anion with ammonium ion.

A hydrogen bond formed between the superoxide anion and the ammonium ion (NH4+) accelerates electron transfer from the C60 radical anion to oxygen significantly, whereas the tetra-n-butylammonium ion has no ability to form a hydrogen bond with the superoxidie anion, exhibiting no acceleration of the electron-transfer reduction of oxygen. The second-order rate constant of electron transfer from C60*- to O2 increases linearly with increasing concentration of NH4+. This indicates that O2*- produced in the electron transfer from C60 to O2 is stabilized by 1:1 complex formation between O2*- and NH4+.

Additivity rule holds in the hydrogen transfer reactivity of unsaturated fatty acids with a peroxyl radical: mechanistic insight into lipoxygenase.

A simple additivity rule holds in the hydrogen transfer reactivity of unsaturated fatty acids with cumylperoxyl radical, which is expressed by the additive contributions of the reactivity of active hydrogens from the 1,4-pentadiene subunit and those of the allylic subunit; the kinetic isotope effect on the hydrogen transfer reactions (KIE = 6.1) is significantly smaller than that observed for lipoxygenase (KIE = 81).

Electron-transfer oxidation properties of unsaturated fatty acids and mechanistic insight into lipoxygenases.

Rate constants of photoinduced electron-transfer oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids with a series of singlet excited states of oxidants in acetonitrile at 298 K were examined and the resulting electron-transfer rate constants (k(et)) were evaluated in light of the free energy relationship of electron transfer to determine the one-electron oxidation potentials (E(ox)) of unsaturated fatty acids and the intrinsic barrier of electron transfer. The k(et) values of linoleic acid with a series of oxidants are the same as the corresponding k(et) values of methyl linoleate, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid, leading to the same E(ox) value of linoleic acid, methyl linoleate, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid (1.76 V vs SCE), which is significantly lower than that of oleic acid (2.