Experiences and reactions of adolescent offspring to their fathers' heavy drinking: A qualitative study from an urban metropolis in India.

The study assessed the experiences and reactions of adolescent offspring of alcohol-dependent fathers (N = 15) to their fathers' heavy drinking. Data were analyzed qualitatively, identifying themes and sub-themes. Respondent accounts elaborated these themes with reference to explanations, experiences, reactions to their fathers' drinking.

Video-enabled cue-exposure-based intervention improves postdischarge drinking outcomes among alcohol-dependent men: A prospective study at a government addiction treatment setting in India.

Returning to alcohol use following inpatient treatment occurs due to various real life cues/triggers. It is a challenge to demonstrate to patients how to deal with these triggers during inpatient treatment. Aims of the current study were (a) to evaluate the effectiveness of video-enabled cue-exposure-based intervention (VE-CEI) in influencing treatment outcomes in alcohol dependence, (b) to identify postdischarge predictors of intervention failure (returning to ≥50% of baseline alcohol consumption quantity/day).

Preventable hospitalizations among adult Medicaid beneficiaries with concurrent substance use disorders.

Objective: We aim to examine the relationships between substance use disorders and preventable hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions among adult Medicaid beneficiaries.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis using de-identified Medicaid claims data in 2012 from 177,568 beneficiaries in Missouri was conducted. Logistic regression models were estimated for the associations of substance use disorder status with Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions, demographics, chronic physical and mental illnesses.

Motives and simultaneous sedative-alcohol use among past 12-month alcohol and nonmedical sedative users.

Background: Simultaneous sedative-alcohol use (SSAU) is a matter of public health concern. It is important to address the various motives individuals may have for involvement in SSAU.

Objective: To explore the motives associated with SSAU.

Heavy use versus less heavy use of sedatives among non-medical sedative users: Characteristics and correlates.

Non-medical use of sedatives is an ongoing problem. However, very little is known about the characteristics of individuals who use sedatives non-medically, or the motives behind such use. The present analysis, involving a sample of individuals reporting non-medical use of sedatives in the past 12 months (N=188), examined the relationship between socio-demographic variables, past-year use of other licit and illicit drugs, type of non-medical use (use in ways other than as prescribed, use when not prescribed, or both), motives, and past 12-month sedative use.

Family member involvement in relapse prevention improves alcohol dependence outcomes: a prospective study at an addiction treatment facility in India.

Objective: The aims of this study were to test if outcomes would be different when family members of alcohol-dependent individuals were included in intervention and to examine the factors associated with relapse during a 6-month follow-up period.

Method: Ninety male participants admitted for 3 weeks at an inpatient facility in India were randomly assigned to individual relapse prevention (IRP), dyadic relapse prevention (DRP), and treatment as usual (TAU), with 30 participants in each group. In IRP, intervention was administered to the individual participant.

Modifiable risk factors of ecstasy use: risk perception, current dependence, perceived control, and depression.

Risk perception, perceived behavioral control of obtaining ecstasy (PBC-obtaining), current ecstasy dependence, and recent depression have been associated with past ecstasy use, however, their utility in predicting ecstasy use has not been demonstrated. This study aimed to determine whether these four modifiable risk factors could predict ecstasy use after controlling for socio-demographic covariates and recent polydrug use. Data from 601 ecstasy users in the National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded TriCity Study of Club Drug Use, Abuse and Dependence were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.

Test-re-test reliability of DSM-IV adopted criteria for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) abuse and dependence: a cross-national study.

Aims: This study evaluated the prevalence and reliability of DSM-IV adopted criteria for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) abuse and dependence with a purpose to determine whether it is best conceptualized within the category of hallucinogens, amphetamines or its own category.

Design: Test-re-test study.

Participants: MDMA users (life-time use >5 times) were recruited in St Louis, Miami and Sydney (n=593).

Treatment of pathological gambling.

Purpose Of Review: This paper highlights the development of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments for pathological gambling and is based on a review of the literature published in the past 12 months.

Recent Findings: The efficacy of naltrexone treatment for pathological gambling has been replicated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, confirmatory study. For mood stabilizers, whereas carbamazepine and topiramate continued to produce positive results, olanzapine failed to show superior outcomes compared with placebo control.

Dinosaur girls, candy girls, and Trinity: voices of Taiwanese club drug users.

Research among Asian users of methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA), also known as Ecstasy, is rare. To evaluate the feasibility of a study on the abuse of and dependence on Ecstasy, two focus groups of users (n= 12) and health professionals (n=7) were conducted in Taiwan. Major results included blatant human testing with "candy and dinosaur girls" and a specific sequence of drugs called a "Trinity" (Ecstasy, ketamine, and marijuana).

Ecstasy and other club drugs: a review of recent epidemiologic studies.

Purpose Of Review: This review highlights the epidemiologic research on club drug use in the past year, with a focus on clinical epidemiology, social epidemiology, new methodological approaches, and alternative explanations for drug use behaviors.

Recent Findings: Although 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy is currently classified as a type of hallucinogen and its withdrawal is not recognized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, there is evidence for the association of withdrawal symptoms with MDMA abstinence. Findings from latent class analysis indicate that MDMA users have a significantly higher risk of dependence than lysergic acid diethylamide users.