White matter lipidome alterations in the schizophrenia brain.

Numerous brain imaging studies have reported white matter alterations in schizophrenia, but the lipidome analysis of the corresponding tissue remains incomplete. In this study, we investigated the lipidome composition of six subcortical white matter regions corresponding to major axonal tracks in both control subjects and schizophrenia patients. All six regions exhibited a consistent pattern of quantitative lipidome alterations in schizophrenia, involving myelin-forming and mitochondria associated lipid classes.

[Features of lung damage in baclofen poisoning].

Objective: To reveal pathological lung changes in baclofen poisoning and to assess their dynamics.

Material And Methods: The experiment included 20 mature (at age 20 weeks) male rats of Wistar line weighing 290-350 gr. The animals were divided into 3 study groups (5 rats in each) depending on experiment's duration after 85 mg/kg baclofen administration: 3, 4.

The Effect of the Toxic Dose of Baclofen on Selected Parameters of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems.

The effect of the toxic dose of the muscle relaxant baclofen on the parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems was studied in adult male Wistar rats (n=20). Systolic and diastolic BP, HR, and respiratory rate were measured; histological changes in the lungs 3, 4.5, and 24 h after drug administration.

[Mathematical modeling of the fracture along the length of the femur diaphysis].

Was to establish a pattern of femur diaphysis fracture with impact force over the entire front surface in an increments of 25 mm. Transverse, oblique and comminuted femur fractures were studied as a result of mathematical modeling. The application of mathematical modeling using the finite element analysis made it possible to visualize and predict the tension arising in the transient material during the impact force of blunt object, as well as the features of fractures' morphology in different sections of femur diaphysis.

[Mathematical modeling using finite element analysis in forensic medical examination].

The purpose of the work is to develop methods of mathematical modeling using finite element analysis in forensic medical examination. The stages of the methodology for solving problems of deformable body mechanics in forensic medicine are considered, which allows to reliably establish the possibility of formation and morphology of damage under specific conditions and circumstances, to focus the researcher's attention on problem points when creating and evaluating the model. The use of simplified models of the human body makes the expert's conclusion more reasonable, which increases the confidence of law enforcement agencies in the activities of the forensic medical expert service and allows for a new look at solving the problems of forensic medicine and forensic medical examination.

Mapping homicide by 3-D modelling of bloodstain patterns at crime scene.

Background: Three-dimensional (3-D) modelling can be a useful technical aid and we used it to reconstruct a homicide scene to corroborate the statement of an eyewitness. 3-D modelling of the bloodstain was conducted by Micro Smith Poser 11 and Autodesk 3-Ds Max software. The technique was found to be easily understandable by the police and judiciary in the interpretation of the sequence of the events of the crime.

[Mathematical modeling of femoral diaphyseal fracture at an acute angle].

The aim of the work is to establish the regularity of the formation femoral diaphysis fracture under an impact action on the anterior surface of the femur at an acute angle. As a result of mathematical modeling, transverse and short oblique, comminuted fractures of the femoral diaphysis were studied. Application of mathematical modeling with final element analysis made it possible to visualize and predict the stresses arising in the trace-perceiving material under the impact action of a blunt solid object.

[Mechanics and morphology of destruction of the diaphysis of long tubular bones of the lower extremities under various types of external influences by blunt solid objects].

The purpose of the study is to develop forensic criteria for determining the mechanisms of fractures of long tubular bones of the lower extremities subjected to dynamic (impact) and static (compression) impacts with blunt objects, in relation to road traffic injury and falling from a height. The morphological characteristics of damages to the long tubular bones of the lower extremities under shock and compression loading of the extremities of biomannequins at various structural levels were studied. Objective morphological qualitative and quantitative criteria for fractures under various types of loading are revealed based on the analysis of the morphological characteristics of a fracture and in the depth of the compact bone layer.

[Features of the production of situational examinations in forensic organizations of the first level].

The purpose of the work is to study the current state of the performance of situational examinations in district and interdistrict departments of forensic medical examination (FME of the 1st level) with the formation of a unified methodological basis and the introduction of the developed integrated methodology for conducting forensic medical situational examinations in practice work of FME of the 1st level. In this study, the assessment of the current state of performance of situational examinations in FME of the 1st level was carried out on the example of the Tula Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination. At the initial stage, the actual (both absolute and relative) volumes of the performance of situational examinations in the FME of the 1st level were established, with the identification of features of their annual dynamics.

Patho-mechanical comparative morpho-characterization of contre-coup injuries of liver by cadaveric experimental simulation for medico-legal and forensic implications.

Background: Liver is the most common organ to get injured in cases of blunt force trauma to the abdomen (BFTA). It is the 2nd commonest organ after brain to sustain injuries out of all the trauma related fatalities. However, the literature about contre-coup injuries to the liver due to BFTA is scarce in-spite of the high mortality rates seen out of injury to this particular organ.

Baclofen (fun drug) and ethanol combined poisoning in humans: A histopathology and morphometry model.

Background: - This study intends to address the scarcity of data regarding the pathogenesis of Baclofen poisoning in humans, which has seen a recent increase, worldwide, especially amongst the young people. Another reason for the conduction of this study was lack of the substantial data about the histo-pathological findings of lungs, in synergistic toxicity of Baclofen with Ethanol, in-spite of it being very common in humans, and both being respiratory depressant with similar mechanism of action.

Purpose: - The authors aimed to understand the pathogenesis of fatal poisonings in humans due to Baclofen in combination with Ethanol via an animal research model.

Forensic pathological characteristics of explosion trauma in confined space terrorist mass fatalities classified with a 3-dimensional model.

Background: Explosion fatalities are the severest type of violent crimes. These involve the use of explosive devices in terrorist like activities in confined spaces in civilian or military settings, with mass number of people present all around. A stark dearth of literature for the forensic interpretation of such catastrophes is astonishing.

Forensic diagnostics of the range of rifled firearm calculated by back spatter over clothing.

Background: Numerous studies have been conducted by using sophisticated methodologies for the deduction of range in cases of firearm injuries. However, the stark dearth of literature for similar purpose by just simple analysis of blood traces on items of clothing is astonishing.

Purpose: This study was done to determine the relationship between range of a rifled firearm and blood traces on the clothing of victims in firearm injuries.

Forensic medical characteristics of firearm exit wounds in cases with armour protection.

Background: The very limited literature about the characteristic morphology of the firearm ammunition wounds in the body armored victims led authors to conduct an experimental study to understand this issue of great forensic and medico-legal importance.

Purpose: An autopsy of a male sniper was fraught with a challenge to differentiate between a firearm ammunition entry and exit wound. He was wearing body armour when shot at during a hostage rescue operation.

Sudden death due to rupture of an aortic syphilitic aneurysm.

A 26-year-old man who suddenly collapsed and died was found at autopsy to have a ruptured aortic aneurysm which had the classic "tree bark" appearance of tertiary syphilis. Tracking of blood into the pericardial sac had resulted in sudden death from cardiac tamponade. Serological results were consistent with syphilis and HIV was excluded.

[The current state of the issue on explosive injury].

The review summarizes and systematizes the literature data characterizing the forensic medical aspects in the complex assessment of injuries received because of the impact of damaging factors of explosion in different peacetime conditions. The current state of forensic-medical examination of the explosive trauma is considered; the problems are revealed and the perspective directions in their solution are outlined. The analysis of publications on the issue of forensic examination of blast trauma injuries has shown that a more detailed characterization is given in the domestic literature than in the foreign one.

Computer assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of scene in firearm homicide.

Worldwide advances in computer techniques are not yet recognised in the practice of forensic medicine. A promising application is their use in making a three-dimensional reconstruction of the crime scene. This study analyses this technique in a homicide by firearm.

[Comparative epidemiology of thermal injury and hypothermia].

The paper presents the results of a comparative epidemiological study of thermal injury and fatal hypothermia based on the results of consolidated reports of the Bureau of Forensic Medicine of the Moscow Department of Health for 2017-2019. It was analyzed the archival material for three calendar years. It was used a continuous retrospective research method with an assessment of the general aggregate of the death incidence from thermal injury and hypothermia in Moscow in 2017-2019 by means of nonparametric statistical methods.

[Identification of the type of external impact based on the analysis of fracture site morphology in the long tubular bones of the lower extremities].

Morphological structure of the destroyed compact layer at the fracture site in long tubular bones was examined after various forms of external disturbance. Different load intensity was shown to cause qualitatively different changes in the texture of the affected bone tissue "at opens up the possibility for differential diagnosis of the impact and pressure on the fractured surface.

Endofullerenes with metal atoms inside as precursors of nuclei of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Thermodynamic estimations have been made which show that amorphous carbon cannot be the source of single-walled carbon nanotube growth during carbon/metal vapor condensation. Thus the source of carbon material for nanotube growth seems to be small carbon clusters into gas phase or clusters in the adsorbed state on the nanotube surface. Kinetic analysis of carbon/metal vapor condensation in the arc process was performed and showed that metal vapor becomes supersaturated at temperatures that are close to the temperature of the highest rate of fullerene shell formation.