Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in COVID-19.

Background: COVID-19 causes a hypercoagulable state leading to thrombosis. Many of these thrombotic complications occur in those with severe disease and late in the disease course. COVID-19 has recently been associated with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT).

An assessment of coronal leakage of permanent filling materials in endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study.

Introduction: The present in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of hybrid composite, glass ionomer cement type II, silver amalgam and Ketac molar as permanent filling material in root canal treated teeth.

Methodology: Hundred maxillary central incisors were selected for the study. After cleaning all the teeth, root canal treatment was carried out on all of them.

The split hand sign.

Amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease characterized by pure motor asymmetric wasting of various muscles with associated upper motor neuron signs. The split hand sign, which is because of dissociated muscle weakness in the hands (thenar muscles disproportionately wasted as compared to the hypothenar muscles) is a useful clinical sign for bed side diagnosis of ALS.

Innovative approach for prevention and treatment of post subarachnoid hemorrhage vasospasm: A preliminary report.

More than one third of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) develop clinically significant vasospasm, as a leading morbidity and mortality factor for these patients. It is widely accepted that a) Degradation products of blood are the causative factors of vasospasm b) The amount of subarachnoid blood seen on admission CT is correlated to the risk of vasospasm c) Reducing the subarachnoid clot burden at the time of surgery reduces the risk of vasospasm. But there is no existing method to clear the blood from subarachnoid spaces satisfactorily.

Idiopathic calcinosis cutis of nasal dorsum.

A 23-year-old lady presented with a slowly progressing firm mass on the nasal dorsum since 8 months. Her biochemical, haematological and collagen vascular disease screening tests were normal. Radiographs of the nasal bones showed a subcutaneous calcifying lesion with no evidence of nasal bone erosion.

Diagnosis and management of oral candidiasis.

Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in both the immunocompetent and the immunocompromised populations. This article reviews the clinical presentations of the different forms of oral candidiasis, as well as the diagnosis and management.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a common oral ulcerative disease, affecting 10% to 15% of the general US population. This article reviews the epidemiology and clinical presentations of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, including diagnosis and management.

Dysphagia: pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and dental management.

Dysphagia is a common side effect of many systemic conditions that greatly affect oral care. This article draws from the literature concerning the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of dysphagia as it relates to dental care. Treatment of dysphagia requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Oral cancer risk factors among Mexican American Hispanic adolescents in South Texas.

Purpose: Tobacco use and alcohol consumption have been identified as the major risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancers. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of adolescent high schoolers in South Texas regarding the risk factors and signs for oral cancer and to examine their prevalence of cigarette smoking, use of smokeless tobacco and alcohol consumption.

Method: The sample population was drawn from the public school system in Brownsville, Texas.

Residual (ghost) sockets in bisphosphonate use--evidence of poor healing and slow bone turnover.

Patients taking bisphosphonate drug therapy have demonstrated extremely poor alveolar bone healing after relatively minor oral surgical procedures. It would seem logical that extraction sockets could remain visible radiographically for an extended period after surgery, even in cases with soft tissue healing. This article chronicles the case of a patient who had been taking zoledronic acid chronically for metastatic cancer and who demonstrated numerous residual sockets (also known as ghost sockets), with lamina dura outlines that were visible radiographically.

Dental considerations in the management of the cardiac transplant patient.

Every year, more than 25,000 transplantation procedures are performed in the United States to replace solid organs, including the heart, intestine, kidney, liver, lung, and pancreas. Cardiac transplant patients need specialized dental care. The compromised health and immune systems of these patients place them at increased risk for systemic and oral infections, which must be considered when planning dental treatment before and after cardiac transplantation.

Perceptions of Hispanic American schoolchildren to the risk factors for oral cancer.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of high schoolchildren on oral cancer risk factors in southern Texas.

Methods: A 39-item, self-administered questionnaire was completed by 1,667 students (14-18 years) in 4 high schools chosen by stratified cluster sampling.

Results: The effective response rate was 67%.

Maxillary frenectomy using a carbon dioxide laser in a pediatric patient: a case report.

Dental lasers contribute significantly to the field of cosmetic dentistry, providing an invaluable resource for clinicians who perform different types of esthetic procedures. An increasing number of general dentists are using the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for surgical procedures. However, the literature about using a CO2 laser to perform oral soft tissue ablation in the pediatric patient is limited.

Current role of thalidomide in HIV-positive patients with recurrent aphthous ulcerations.

Among patients with HIV/AIDS, mucosal lesions of unknown etiology such as recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAUs) often are unresponsive to standard therapies, resulting in substantial morbidity. The literature regarding RAUs suggests that the inflammatory response contributes to its pathogenesis; however, the role of cytokines in this mucosal immune response remains largely unknown. Thalidomide first was marketed as a sedative in the 1950s and withdrawn from the market in 1961 following reports of teratogenicity.

Oral mucositis: review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and management.

Oral mucositis is a debilitating and morbid condition among cancer patients that affects their quality of life and their overall ability to respond to treatment. The dentist plays an important role in the multidisciplinary health care team for the overall management of this condition. This article summarizes preventive and therapeutic treatment modalities available to dentists, based on the latest literature.