Comparative assessment of cognitive impairment and oxidative stress markers among vitamin D insufficient elderly patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Background: Disorders of mental health are known to affect cognitive functions, hence called as cognitive disorders. Impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, vitamin-D deficiency and oxidative stress are some of the key early events reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of most common cognitive disorders, which include Alzheimer's disease. Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the known contributing factors of cognitive impairment and dementia.

Implementing competency-based medical education curriculum in undergraduate psychiatric training in India: Opportunities and challenges.

Medical education in India is undergoing a landmark transformation under the National Medical Commission implementing competency-based medical education (CBME). The CBME approach intends to ensure that medical graduates acquire the competencies needed to fulfill the health needs of the patient and society. This outcome-based approach shifts the focus from the traditional knowledge-based training to skill-based training valued on attitude, ethics, and communication (AETCOM) competencies.