Utility of the Parkland Grading Scale to determine intraoperative challenges during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a validation study on 206 patients at an academic medical center in Nepal.

Background: Most of the scoring systems to predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy are based on pre-operative clinical and radiological findings. Recently the Parkland Grading Scale system was introduced as a simple intra-operative grading scale. This study aims to utilize the Parkland Grading Scale system to assess the intraoperative challenges during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Open Cholecystectomy among Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: In the current era, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstone disease. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of open cholecystectomy among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care centre.

Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study done among 345 patients at the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care centre from June, 2020 to May, 2021 after receiving ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: CMC-IRC/0770798-271).

Complications among Patients Undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Tertiary Care Centers of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure), even after significant evolution, continues to be associated with a high morbidity. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of complications following pancreaticoduodenectomies performed by a single surgeon over a span of 20 years in tertiary care hospitals of Nepal.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from hospital records of patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 1999 and 2019 at different institutions in Chitwan, where the principal author was involved.

Role of liver enzymes in patients with blunt abdominal trauma to diagnose liver injury.

Background: The liver is the second most injured organ following blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) after the spleen. Although the computed tomography (CT) scan is considered as the gold standard for diagnosing liver injury in BAT, it may not readily available in all the hospitals. This study was performed to evaluate the role of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in patients with BAT and its significance in predicting the diagnosis and severity of the liver injury.

Medical Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Exudative Pleural Effusion: Experience from Two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Nepal.

Introduction: Medical thoracoscopy has recently gained renewed interest due to its minimal invasive nature and high yield diagnostic outcome. This study aims to observe diagnostic yield and safety of medical thoracoscopy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in two tertiary care hospitals in Chitwan from March 2018 to May 2018.

Medical Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Exudative Pleural Effusion: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Medical thoracoscopy has recently gained renewed interest due to its minimal invasive nature and high yield diagnostic outcome. This study aims to observe diagnostic yield and safety of medical thoracoscopy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in two tertiary care hospitals in Chitwan from March 2018 to May 2018.

Management of Traumatic Liver Injury in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Background: The liver is most frequently injured solid organ in abdominal trauma. The non-operative management is the standard treatment for hemodynamically stable patients. This study analyse the epidemiological aspects, injury patterns, treatment modalities and outcome in patients with liver injuries only and associated injuries outside the liver.