Surgical Site Preparation Using Alcohol with Chlorhexidine Compared with Povidone Iodine with Chlorhexidine Results in Similar Rate of Infection After Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication after total joint arthroplasty. A skin antiseptic solution is used to reduce the bacterial count and prevent PJI. There is no consensus in the literature on the application of antiseptic solutions.

Validation of the rates of adverse event incidence in administrative healthcare data through patient chart review: A scoping review protocol.

Background: Patient safety is a key issue for health systems and a growing global public health challenge. Administrative healthcare data provide a coded summary of a patient and their encounter with the healthcare system. These aggregated datasets are often used to inform research and decisions relating to health service planning and therefore it is vital that they are accurate and reliable.

Integrating the Confluence Model and I³ Model to predict sexual assault perpetration intentions.

Objective: Sexual assault perpetration is widespread among young men. According to the Confluence Model, hostile masculinity and impersonal sex are trait-level factors associated with sexual assault perpetration likelihood. Additionally, state-level factors, including alcohol intoxication, current emotions, and ability to modulate one's emotions, have been tied to sexual assault perpetration via the I3 Model.

Feedbacks Regulating the Salinization of Coastal Landscapes.

The impact of saltwater intrusion on coastal forests and farmland is typically understood as sea-level-driven inundation of a static terrestrial landscape, where ecosystems neither adapt to nor influence saltwater intrusion. Yet recent observations of tree mortality and reduced crop yields have inspired new process-based research into the hydrologic, geomorphic, biotic, and anthropogenic mechanisms involved. We review several negative feedbacks that help stabilize ecosystems in the early stages of salinity stress (e.

Total Joint Arthroplasty in the Patient with Inflammatory Arthritis: A Review.

Inflammatory arthritis is a family of conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile inflammatory arthritis, and spondyloarthropathies affecting both the large and small joints. Total joint arthroplasty is commonly used for surgical management of end-stage disease. Preoperative and postoperative considerations as well as perioperative medical management and intraoperative treatment of patients with inflammatory arthritis undergoing total joint arthroplasty are reviewed.

External Validation of a Predictive Score for Fracture-Related Infections in Orthopedic Trauma Surgery.

Background: The purpose of this study was to externally validate a predictive score for fracture-related infections, establishing generalizability for absolute and relative risk of infection in the setting of orthopedic fracture surgery.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, case-control study performed at a level I academic trauma center that included 147 patients with fracture-related infection in the study group and 300 control patients. We analyzed the same 8 independent predictors of fracture-related infection cited by a previous study.

A grazing crab drives saltmarsh carbon storage and recovery.

Consumers can directly (e.g., consumption) and indirectly (e.

Coerced Condomless Sex: A Scoping Review of Qualitative Studies.

Coerced condomless sex is a prevalent form of sexual coercion that is associated with severe negative health consequences. This scoping review addresses the current lack of synthesized qualitative evidence on coerced condomless sex. Our systematic literature search yielded 21 articles that met review eligibility criteria.

Men's Coercive Condom Use Resistance: The Roles of Alcohol and Emotional Factors.

Objective: Men's coercive condom use resistance (CUR) with female partners is common and is associated with greater alcohol consumption than men's noncoercive CUR engagement. Prior research indicates that emotion-related factors are relevant to alcohol-involved coercive CUR. Thus, in this alcohol administration study, we examined emotional factors as distal and proximal predictors of alcohol-involved coercive CUR among young men who have sex with women.

The Effectiveness of Clinician-Led Community-Based Group Exercise Interventions on Health Outcomes in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the combined effects of clinician-led and community-based group exercise interventions on a range of health outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our literature search spanned Medline, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases, focusing on peer-reviewed studies published between January 2003 and January 2023. We included studies involving participants aged 18 years and older and articles published in English, resulting in a dataset of eight studies with 938 participants.

Spartina alterniflora invasion benefits blue carbon sequestration in China.

Spartina alterniflora has rapidly and extensively encroached on China's coastline over the past decades. Among the coastal areas invaded by S. alterniflora, at most 93% are mudflats.

A roadmap to precision treatments for familial pulmonary fibrosis.

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in adults and children (chILD) are a heterogeneous group of lung disorders leading to inflammation, abnormal tissue repair and scarring of the lung parenchyma often resulting in respiratory failure and death. Inherited factors directly cause, or contribute significantly to the risk of developing ILD, so called familial pulmonary fibrosis (FPF), and monogenic forms may have a poor prognosis and respond poorly to current treatments. Specific, variant-targeted or precision treatments are lacking.

A scoping review of the methodological approaches used in retrospective chart reviews to validate adverse event rates in administrative data.

Patient safety is a key quality issue for health systems. Healthcare acquired adverse events (AEs) compromise safety and quality; therefore, their reporting and monitoring is a patient safety priority. Although administrative datasets are potentially efficient tools for monitoring rates of AEs, concerns remain over the accuracy of their data.

The Effect of Community-Based Exercise on Health Outcomes for Indigenous Peoples with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Indigenous peoples globally experience a high burden of type 2 diabetes in comparison to non-Indigenous peoples. While community-based exercise interventions designed for type 2 diabetes (T2D) management have garnered success in non-Indigenous populations, they likely require adjustments to meet the needs of Indigenous people. This systematic review aims to determine if health outcomes in Indigenous peoples with T2D could be improved by community-based exercise programmes and the features of those programmes that best meet their needs.

Nursing students' perceptions of unfinished nursing care: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence, patterns and reasons for unfinished nursing care as perceived by nursing students.

Background: Unfinished nursing care (UNC) is a frequently observed phenomenon in the acute care setting. To date, studies have focused primarily on the perspective of nurses or patients, but another important perspective is that of nursing students who provide nursing care in all healthcare settings.

The AAHKS Clinical Research Award: Extended Postoperative Oral Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

Background: Perioperative tranexamic acid (TXA) use with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is widely accepted today. Recently, a few international groups have published on the safety and outcomes of extending TXA use in the postoperative period. Through a double-blinded, randomized control trial (RCT), we aimed to investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of extended postoperative oral TXA use in TKA performed in an American, free-standing ambulatory surgery center (ASC).

Examining the Perspectives of Nurse Managers on Missed Nursing Care in Surgical Units.

Objective: To examine nurse managers' perspectives on missed nursing care (MNC) on surgical units.

Background: The phenomenon of MNC is an important concern for nurse researchers. However, the reality of how it is experienced by clinical nurse managers is largely unexplored.

Upland forest retreat lags behind sea-level rise in the mid-Atlantic coast.

Ghost forests consisting of dead trees adjacent to marshes are striking indicators of climate change, and marsh migration into retreating coastal forests is a primary mechanism for marsh survival in the face of global sea-level rise. Models of coastal transgression typically assume inundation of a static topography and instantaneous conversion of forest to marsh with rising seas. In contrast, here we use four decades of satellite observations to show that many low-elevation forests along the US mid-Atlantic coast have survived despite undergoing relative sea-level rise rates (RSLRR) that are among the fastest on Earth.

Wearables for early detection of atrial fibrillation and timely referral for Indigenous people ≥55 years: mixed-methods protocol.

Introduction: Digital health technologies have the potential to provide cost-effective care to remote and underserved populations. To realise this potential, research must involve people not traditionally included. No research focuses on the acceptability and feasibility of older Indigenous people using wearables for early atrial fibrillation (AF) detection.

Shoreface erosion counters blue carbon accumulation in transgressive barrier-island systems.

Landward migration of coastal ecosystems in response to sea-level rise is altering coastal carbon dynamics. Although such landscapes rapidly accumulate soil carbon, barrier-island migration jeopardizes long-term storage through burial and exposure of organic-rich backbarrier deposits along the lower beach and shoreface. Here, we quantify the carbon flux associated with the seaside erosion of backbarrier lagoon and peat deposits along the Virginia Atlantic Coast.

Attitudes, Emotions, and Emotion Regulation as Underlying and In-The-Moment Predictors of Men's Intentions to Perpetrate Sexual Assault: An Application of the I Model.

Sexual assault is a significant problem among young men, and several underlying and in-the-moment factors are associated with this behavior. However, research has not examined how underlying factors may influence men's in-the-moment use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies, emotional experience during sexual situations, or intentions to perpetrate sexual assault. 187 young, single men from the United States who had sex with a woman in the past year completed questionnaires, projected themselves into hypothetical sexual scenarios, and indicated how they would behave when their partner withdrew consent during these scenarios.

Profiles of Emotion Regulation Strategies and Intentions to Perpetrate Sexual Assault.

Objective: Sexual assault perpetration remains prevalent among young men, and emotion regulation (ER) is a prominent contributor to sexual assault perpetration among young men experiencing anger or sexual arousal. However, little is known about the specific ER strategies which men use when perpetrating. Thus, the present study used latent profile analysis to group men into profiles based on their in-the-moment use of several ER strategies during two, hypothetical sexual situations: one which induced anger and another which induced sexual arousal.

Sexual Compulsivity Mediates the Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Condom Use Resistance Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women.

Despite the continued prevalence of HIV and condoms' proven effectiveness in HIV prevention, many young men continue to engage in condom use resistance (CUR). Research shows that sexual compulsivity and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) victimization are risk factors for CUR. Given that sexual activity between men is the most common method through which HIV is transmitted, and that men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) are up to five times as likely to contract or transmit HIV as men who have sex with women only (MSWO), understanding the CUR behaviors of MSMW is uniquely important.