Integrated Proteomic and Phosphoproteomics Analysis of DKK3 Signaling Reveals Activated Kinase in the Most Aggressive Gallbladder Cancer.

DKK3 is a secreted protein, which belongs to a family of Wnt antagonists and acts as a potential tumor suppressor in gallbladder cancer. To further understand its tumor suppressor functions, we overexpressed DKK3 in 3 GBC cell lines. We have employed high-resolution mass spectrometry and tandem mass tag (TMT) multiplexing technology along with immobilized metal affinity chromatography to enrich phosphopeptides to check the downstream regulators.

Dickkopf Homolog 3 Acts as a Potential Tumor Suppressor in Gallbladder Cancer.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a common malignancy of biliary tract cancers and its incidence has been rising rapidly worldwide. The prognosis for this disease is dismal as most of the symptoms are non-specific leading to a definitive diagnosis only at a late stage. Loss of gene is associated with a possible tumor suppressor role in human cancers.

Phosphoproteomic Profiling Identifies Aberrant Activation of Integrin Signaling in Aggressive Non-Type Bladder Carcinoma.

Bladder carcinoma is highly heterogeneous and its complex molecular landscape; thus, poses a significant challenge for resolving an effective treatment in metastatic tumors. We computed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) scores of three bladder carcinoma subtypes-luminal, basal, and non-type. The EMT score of the non-type indicated a "mesenchymal-like" phenotype, which correlates with a relatively more aggressive form of carcinoma, typified by an increased migration and invasion.

E74 like ETS transcription factor 3 (ELF3) is a negative regulator of epithelial- mesenchymal transition in bladder carcinoma.

Background: Transcription factors are commonly deregulated in various cancers. Here, we evaluated role of ELF3 in pathogenesis of bladder carcinoma (BCa).

Materials And Methods: We confirmed ELF3 expression pattern in BCa cell lines using western blot; and in different grades of tumors using Immunohistochemistry.