Molecular biomarkers predicting newly detected atrial fibrillation after ischaemic stroke or TIA: A systematic review.

Background: Several molecular biomarkers are available that predict newly detected atrial fibrillation (NDAF). We aimed to identify such biomarkers that predict NDAF after an Ischaemic stroke (IS)/Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) and evaluate their performance.

Methods: A systematic review was undertaken in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

A nationwide study of blood transfusion in hip fracture patients : linked analysis from the Scottish Hip Fracture Audit and the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service.

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine perioperative blood transfusion practice, and associations with clinical outcomes, in a national cohort of hip fracture patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken using linked data from the Scottish Hip Fracture Audit and the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service between May 2016 and December 2020. All patients aged ≥ 50 years admitted to a Scottish hospital with a hip fracture were included.

Aerosol emission from the respiratory tract: an analysis of aerosol generation from oxygen delivery systems.

Introduction: continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) provide enhanced oxygen delivery and respiratory support for patients with severe COVID-19. CPAP and HFNO are currently designated as aerosol-generating procedures despite limited high-quality experimental data. We aimed to characterise aerosol emission from HFNO and CPAP and compare with breathing, speaking and coughing.

Use of Pulmonary Computed Tomography for Evaluating Suspected Stroke-Associated Pneumonia.

Objectives: Accurate and timely diagnosis of pneumonia complicating stroke remains challenging and the diagnostic accuracy of chest X-ray (CXR) in the setting of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is uncertain. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the use of pulmonary computed tomography (CT) in diagnosis of suspected SAP.

Materials And Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (IS) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were recruited within 24h of clinically suspected SAP and underwent non-contrast pulmonary CT within 48h of antibiotic initiation.

Genomic Analysis of Genotype-by-Social Environment Interaction for Aggressive Behavior.

Human psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder often include adverse behaviors including increased aggressiveness. Individuals with psychiatric disorders often exhibit social withdrawal, which can further increase the probability of conducting a violent act. Here, we used the inbred, sequenced lines of the Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) to investigate the genetic basis of variation in male aggressive behavior for flies reared in a socialized and socially isolated environment.

The epidemiology of adults with severe sepsis and septic shock in Scottish emergency departments.

Background: The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) promotes a bundle approach to the care of septic patients to improve outcome. Some have questioned the capability of delivering the bundle in emergency departments (EDs). The authors report the epidemiology and 6 h bundle compliance of patients with severe sepsis/septic shock presenting to Scottish EDs.