Everolimus for the Prevention of Calcineurin-Inhibitor-Induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy After Heart Transplantation (RADTAC Study).

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of combined low-dose everolimus and low-dose tacrolimus compared with standard-dose tacrolimus in attenuating left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT).

Background: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) such as tactrolimus are important in preventing cardiac allograft rejection and reducing mortality after OHT. However CNIs are causatively linked to the development of LVH, and are associated with nephrotoxicity and vasculopathy.

Imaging correlates of the blood-brain barrier disruption in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and therapeutic implications.

Objective: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) in the context of suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) still occur. We explored the role of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in the pathogenesis of HAND in the context of fully suppressive cART using dynamic contrast enhanced perfusion (DCE-P) MRI. DCE-P is a new MRI technique that measures capillary permeability as an indicator for BBB integrity.

Native T Mapping in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Allograft Rejection: A Prospective Histologically Validated Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the role of T mapping in identifying cardiac allograft rejection.

Background: Endomyocardial biopsy (EMBx), the current gold standard to diagnose cardiac allograft rejection, is associated with potentially serious complications. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-based T mapping detects interstitial edema and fibrosis, which are important markers of acute and chronic rejection.

Atrophic brain signatures of mild forms of neurocognitive impairment in virally suppressed HIV infection.

Objective: There is a lack of evidence for the neurobiological underpinning of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and mild neurocognitive disorders (MNDs) in virally suppressed HIV-positive persons. We hypothesized that such mild impairment would be associated with focal brain atrophy.

Design: A cross-sectional observational study.

Maraviroc-intensified combined antiretroviral therapy improves cognition in virally suppressed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.

Objective: To investigate whether intensification of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) with the CC chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) entry inhibitor maraviroc leads to improvement in global neurocognitive functioning in virally suppressed men with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).

Design: Prospective, double observer-blinded, open-label pilot randomized-controlled trial. Participants were randomized to remain on their existing cART regimen (control arm; n = 8) or receive maraviroc-intensification (maraviroc arm; n = 9).