Health care professionals' perceptions of unprofessional behaviour in the clinical workplace.

Background: Unprofessional behaviour undermines organizational trust and negatively affects patient safety, the clinical learning environment, and clinician well-being. Improving professionalism in healthcare organizations requires insight into the frequency, types, sources, and targets of unprofessional behaviour in order to refine organizational programs and strategies to prevent and address unprofessional behaviours.

Objective: To investigate the types and frequency of perceived unprofessional behaviours among health care professionals and to identify the sources and targets of these behaviours.

Global Health 101.

Global health is an evolving field that has been broadly defined as the promotion of health for all through transnational collaboration and research. It centers on the concepts of equity and collaboration. The focus of global health has recently undergone a major shift toward emphasizing the importance of a systems-based approach to healthcare delivery, which considers not only the target disease but also the many contextual factors, influencing the ability to deliver care equitably to a population to reduce the burden of any particular disease.

Association of Outpatient Oral Macrolide Use With Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.

Importance: Prior publications have reported the sporadic development of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) after intravenous or high-dose macrolide therapy for adults with comorbid conditions, but investigations of the auditory effect of oral outpatient dosing for children, adolescents, and young adults have been limited.

Objective: To determine whether broad-based outpatient use of oral macrolide therapy is associated with increased risk of pediatric SNHL through nationally representative analyses.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective case-control study of 875 matched pairs of children, adolescents, and young adults was performed, matching on age, sex, and the time elapsed since prescription date.

Colonoscopy Needs for Implementation of a Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Ukraine.

Background: In Ukraine, there is no established colorectal cancer screening program. We aimed to project the number of screening colonoscopies needed for implementation of various CRC screening strategies in Ukraine.

Methods: We modified a previously developed Markov microsimulation model to reflect the natural history of adenoma and CRC progression among average-risk 50-74-year-olds.

Promoting Female Leadership in Academic Surgery: Disrupting Systemic Gender Bias.

Gender bias is a pervasive issue in academic surgery and is characterized by familiar patterns previously described in the business world. In this article, the authors illuminate gender bias patterns in academic surgery identified in prior in-depth interviews with female surgical department chairs across the United States. The 4 main gender bias patterns drawn from the business world and illuminated with data from the interviews are (1) prove-it-again, (2) tightrope or double-blind dilemma, (3) maternity wall or benevolent bias, and (4) tug-of-war.

Health care professionals' motivation, their behaviors, and the quality of hospital care: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Health care professionals' work motivation is assumed to be crucial for the quality of hospital care, but it is unclear which type of motivation ought to be stimulated to improve quality. Motivation and similar concepts are aligned along a motivational continuum that ranges from (intrinsic) autonomous motivation to (extrinsic) controlled motivation to provide a framework for this mixed-methods systematic review.

Purpose: This mixed-methods systematic review aims to link various types of health care professionals' motivation directly and through their work-related behaviors to quality of care.

The Surgical Hazardous Attitudes Reflection Profile (SHARP) Instrument - A Prototype Study.

Objective: There is growing recognition that surgeons' non-technical skills are crucial in guaranteeing optimal quality and safety of patient care. However, insight in relevant attitudes underlying these behavioral skills is lacking. Hazardous attitudes potentially cause risky behavior, which can result in medical errors and adverse events.