Evaluating the effects of nicotine concentration on the appeal and nicotine delivery of oral nicotine pouches among rural and Appalachian adults who smoke cigarettes: A randomized cross-over study.

Background And Aims: Oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) probably offer reduced harm compared with cigarettes, but independent data concerning their misuse liability are lacking. We compared nicotine delivery and craving relief from ONPs with different nicotine concentrations to cigarettes.

Design: This was a single-blind, three-visit (≥ 48-hour washout), randomized-cross-over study.

Sexual orientation and gender identity differences in perceptions and product appeal in response to e-cigarette advertising.

Introduction: E-cigarette use is disparately high among sexual minoritized populations. As e-cigarette advertising may influence product appeal, this study tested sexual orientation- and gender-based differences in response to e-cigarette advertisement exposure on advertisement perceptions and product appeal.

Methods: We recruited 497 adults (mean age=31.

Adherence to COVID-19 Protective Measures in a Longitudinal Sample of Male Youth.

Background: Adherence to COVID-19 protective measures is lowest for young people and males. The current study investigated characteristics associated with adherence to COVID-19 protective measures among male youth during the early months of the pandemic.

Method: The study used data from a prospective cohort study among male youth with baseline assessment in 2015/2016 and follow-up measurements in 2019 and summer 2020.

Public Health Surveillance of Behavioral Health Emergencies through Emergency Medical Services Data.

To identify the demographic, clinical and EMS characteristics of events documented as behavioral health emergencies (BHE) by EMS. This was a cross-sectional study using the 2018 National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) Version 3 dataset. All events that had patient care provided with a documented impression (field diagnosis) of ICD-10 codes F01-F99 (i.

Barriers to Physical Activity Among Emergency Medical Services Professionals.

Background: Emergency medical services (EMS) professionals demonstrate low adherence to physical activity guidelines and experience a high prevalence of obesity and incidence of injury. The authors investigate the barriers to participating in physical activity among EMS professionals.

Methods: The EMS professionals employed by 15 North Carolina EMS agencies were surveyed with validated items.

Methods and Implementation of the 2019 EMS Practice Analysis.

: The EMS Practice Analysis provides a vision of current prehospital care by defining the work performed by EMS professionals. In this manuscript, we present the National Advanced Life Support (ALS) EMS Practice Analysis for the advanced EMT (AEMT) and paramedic levels of certification. The goal of the 2019 EMS Practice Analysis is to define the work performed by EMS professionals and present a new template for future practice analyses.

Comparison of Air Force, Army, and Navy Emergency Medical Technician Candidates' Performance on the National Registry Cognitive Examination.

Introduction: Military medics function similarly to civilian emergency medical technicians (EMTs); however, they perform their emergency medical care in combat zones and military treatment facilities. Both civilian and military EMTs must take and pass the National Registry of EMT's cognitive examination to be certified as a Nationally Registered EMT; however, there is a discrepancy in requirements for obtaining and maintaining National EMT Certification between the military branches of the DoD. In our study, we aimed to compare the performance of the U.

Ultrasound Use in the Prehospital Setting for Trauma: A Systematic Review.

Background: Trauma is a leading cause of death in the United States. Ultrasound use in the prehospital environment has the potential to change trauma management. Although ultrasound use for prehospital trauma is increasing, the role of this modality is not clearly defined.

Comparison of Volunteer and Paid EMS Professionals in the United States.

Emergency medical response is provided by volunteer emergency medical services (EMS) professionals in many parts of the United States. However, little is known about those who serve as volunteer EMS professionals, especially as their main EMS job. Our objective was to compare the characteristics of nationally-certified volunteer versus paid EMS professionals in the U.

Demography of the National Emergency Medical Services Workforce: A Description of Those Providing Patient Care in the Prehospital Setting.

Background: The emergency medical services (EMS) workforce is a key component of healthcare in the U.S. Characteristics of active EMS professionals who are treating patients in the prehospital setting is unclear.

The Impact of Working Overtime or Multiple Jobs in Emergency Medical Services.

: EMS professionals frequently work more than a standard 40-hour work week. For some EMS professionals, working overtime or multiple jobs may be necessary to make ends meet. Our objective was to evaluate the association between job satisfaction, intention to leave EMS, and financial dependence on overtime or working multiple jobs.

Comprehensive Description of the Advanced Emergency Medical Technician Certification Level.

The nationally-certified advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT) level was created as an intermediate level of care integrating both basic life support and limited advanced life support. Despite adoption of the AEMT certification level nationally, the characteristics of AEMTs have not previously been described. Our objectives were to describe the demographics of nationally-certified AEMTs in the U.