Surveillance and Survivorship after Treatment for Colon Cancer.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the United States. Majority of patients have localized disease that is amenable to curative resection. Disease recurrence remains a major concern after resection.

Is the abdominal repair of rectal prolapse safer than perineal repair in the highest risk patients? An NSQIP analysis.

Background: Although the perineal approach in the surgical management of rectal prolapse has a higher recurrence, it is the accepted approach for higher-risk patients because of its lower morbidity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine outcomes of abdominal versus perineal approaches to rectal prolapse repair. DESIGN SETTINGS: A retrospective study was performed comparing outcomes of patients undergoing different types of surgical approaches (open abdominal, laparoscopic, perineal) for rectal prolapse.

Condyloma and other infections including human immunodeficiency virus.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a common public health problem and as such may be more common in a surgical practice than is believed. The recognition that a virus can be responsible for a cancer has profound significant public health implications. This article reviews the presentation and management of the more common perianal STDs including human immunodeficiency virus, as well as the pathogenesis and management of anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Does hemodynamic instability predict positive technetium-labeled red blood cell scintigraphy in patients with acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding? A review of 50 patients.

Purpose: Technetium-99m-labeled red blood cell scintigraphy, commonly used in the evaluation of acute lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage, often fails to demonstrate a source of bleeding. It would be helpful to characterize a subset of patients more likely to have a positive scan. This study was undertaken to determine whether hemodynamic instability can predict tagged red blood cell scan positivity.

Hepatic killing but not clearance of systemically circulating bacteria is dependent upon peripheral leukocytes via Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18).

The hepatic reticuloendothelial system (RES) is the primary mechanism for removing circulating bacteria from the systemic circulation. While Kupffer cells are important for this process, leukocytes appear to play a significant role as well. Hepatic leukocyte accumulation following ischemia/reperfusion or cytokine stimulation is well documented, but its contribution to phagocytic killing by the hepatic RES is not fully understood.

Rapid upregulation of endothelial P-selectin expression via reactive oxygen species generation.

Endothelial cell ICAM-1 upregulation in response to TNF-alpha is mediated in part by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the endothelial membrane-associated NADPH oxidase and occurs maximally after 4 h as the synthesis of new protein is required. However, thrombin-stimulated P-selectin upregulation is bimodal, the first peak occurring within minutes. We hypothesize that this early peak, which results from the release of preformed P-selectin from within Weibel-Palade bodies, is mediated in part by ROS generated from the endothelial membrane-associated xanthine oxidase.