Canonical Wnt/β-catenin activity and differential epigenetic marks direct sexually dimorphic regulation of and in developing mouse gonads.

Members of the Iroquois B (IrxB) homeodomain cluster genes, specifically and , are crucial for heart, limb and bone development. Recently, we reported their importance for oocyte and follicle survival within the developing ovary. and expression begins after sex determination in the ovary but remains absent in the fetal testis.

Bovine papillomavirus type 1: from clathrin to caveolin.

Viruses may infect cells through clathrin-dependent, caveolin-dependent, or clathrin- and caveolin-independent endocytosis. Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1) entry into cells has been shown to occur by clathrin-dependent endocytosis, a pathway that involves the formation of clathrin-coated pits and fusion to early endosomes. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the closely related JC virus can enter cells in clathrin-coated vesicles and subsequently traffic to caveolae, the organelle where vesicles of the caveolin-dependent pathway deliver their cargo.