Assessing Health Technology Literacy and Attitudes of Patients in an Urban Outpatient Psychiatry Clinic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: Digital health technologies are increasingly being integrated into mental health care. However, the adoption of these technologies can be influenced by patients' digital literacy and attitudes, which may vary based on sociodemographic factors. This variability necessitates a better understanding of patient digital literacy and attitudes to prevent a digital divide, which can worsen existing health care disparities.

One-Year Results of a Phase I/II Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study of Processed Amniotic Fluid Drops After PRK.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 1-year outcomes of using processed amniotic fluid (pAF) postoperatively after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Methods: Sixty-one participants were randomized to receive either placebo or pAF drops. The drops were instilled 4 times daily for 1 week after PRK along with routine postoperative medications.

Analyzing the impact of state gun laws on mass shootings in the United States from 2013 to 2021.

Objectives: Mass shooting incidents have drastically increased in the United States in the last 10 years, with a disproportionate number of incidents occurring in some states. Gun laws vary greatly by state, but little research has been conducted to examine the association between the strength of state gun laws and mass shootings. This study aims to explore the aggregate effect of state gun laws on the rate of mass shooting incidents and fatalities.

Keep it simple: A novel technique for measuring airflow using a wireless patch.

Objectives: Despite the growing use of home sleep testing for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), there are significant barriers that make it difficult for patients. This study aimed to evaluate a new set of wireless patches for the detection of OSA as compared to polysomnography (PSG) respiratory signals. Safety was also evaluated.

Validation of a novel Psychosis-Implicit Association Test (P-IAT) as a diagnostic support tool.

Despite significant advances in early-intervention services for psychosis, delays in identifying patients continue to impede the delivery of prompt and effective treatments. We sought to develop and preliminarily validate a self-administered psychosis implicit association task (P-IAT) as a screening and diagnostic support tool for identifying individuals with psychotic illness in community settings. The P-IAT is a response latency task, designed to measure the extent to which individuals implicitly associate psychosis-related terms with the "self.

Metastatic breast cancer presenting as an epithelial defect.

A 62-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of a nonhealing epithelial defect of the left eye. Examination also revealed left upper lid ptosis, cicatricial lagophthalmos, and palpable lid masses. With probing, the patient admitted to recent history of lobular carcinoma and remote history of ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Google search activity in early psychosis: A qualitative analysis of internet search query content in first episode psychosis.

Aim: Manually explore the Google search queries of individuals with first episode psychosis prior to their first hospitalization, in effort to identify common themes and search interests during the period of emerging illness.

Methods: Individuals hospitalized for psychosis between December 2016 and September 2017 provided access to their Google archive data for manual qualitative evaluation of search content. Searches conducted during the 6-month time period prior to the participant's first hospitalization for psychosis were extracted and evaluated for search activity associated with mental health.

ACUTE RETINAL NECROSIS AND CONTRALATERAL CUTANEOUS ERUPTION AFTER THE SHINGLES VACCINE.

Purpose: To the best of our knowledge, we present a rare case report describing an occurrence of acute retinal necrosis in an otherwise healthy individual who received the shingles vaccine.

Methods: Observational case report.

Patient: A 63-year-old healthy and immunocompetent white man presented with change of vision in the left eye after blunt trauma.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous knockout of the autism gene CHD8 and characterization of its transcriptional networks in cerebral organoids derived from iPS cells.

Background: (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 8), which codes for a member of the CHD family of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factors, is one of the most commonly mutated genes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) identified in exome-sequencing studies. Loss of function mutations in the gene have also been found in schizophrenia (SZ) and intellectual disabilities and influence cancer cell proliferation. We previously reported an RNA-seq analysis carried out on neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and monolayer neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that were heterozygous for knockout (KO) alleles generated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.

Characterization of patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) as models for estrogen receptor positive (ER+HER2- and ER+HER2+) breast cancers.

The research was to appraise the utility of the patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) as models of estrogen receptor positive (ER+HER2- and ER+HER2+) breast cancers. We compared protein expression profiles by Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) in tumors that resulted in PDXs compared to those that did not. Our overall PDX intake rate for ER+ breast cancer was 9% (9/97).

Pathologic complete response rates in triple-negative, HER2-positive, and hormone receptor-positive breast cancers after anthracycline-free neoadjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel with or without trastuzumab.

Background: Pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is considered a surrogate for improved survival. Platinum-containing NCT, particularly in patients with HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) may increase pCR rates.

Methods: Tumor characteristics, pCR rates (no invasive disease in breast and lymph nodes), toxicities, and survival in patients who received carboplatin, a taxane, and trastuzumab (HER2+ disease) between April 2009 and December 2011, were reviewed.

The Entamoeba histolytica Dnmt2 homolog (Ehmeth) confers resistance to nitrosative stress.

Nitric oxide (NO) has antimicrobial properties against many pathogens due to its reactivity as an S-nitrosylating agent. It inhibits many of the key enzymes that are involved in the metabolism and virulence of the parasite Entamoeba histolytica through S-nitrosylation of essential cysteine residues. Very little information is available on the mechanism of resistance to NO by pathogens in general and by this parasite in particular.

The patient advocate view.

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is considered a rare disease by researchers and clinicians, and is classified as such by the Office of Rare Diseases by having a prevalence of fewer than 200,000 affected persons in the United States [5]. To affected persons, their family and friends, however, IBC is not rare; it is real, it is here, it is pain, its treatment is often filled with its own pain. As with many other diseases, IBC demands that patients be their own best advocate; no one is pre-trained for this role, it is all on-the-job-training.

Lysophosphatidylcholine activates mesangial cell PKC and MAP kinase by PLCgamma-1 and tyrosine kinase-Ras pathways.

Although lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-mediated cellular responses are attributed to the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), relatively little is known about the upstream signaling mechanisms that regulate the activation of PKC and downstream mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. LPC activated p42 MAP kinase and PKC in mesangial cells. LPC-mediated MAP kinase activation was inhibited (but not completely) by PKC inhibition, suggesting additional signaling events.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein stimulates monocyte adhesion to glomerular endothelial cells.

Background: Abnormalities in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis. Atherogenic lipoproteins [for example, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)] have been shown to stimulate glomerular monocyte chemoattractants involved in monocyte infiltration. However, the role of LDL and ox-LDL in the early monocyte adhesion to glomerular endothelial cells (ECs) and associated intracellular signaling mechanisms are not clearly understood.

Effect of inhibition of cholesterol synthetic pathway on the activation of Ras and MAP kinase in mesangial cells.

Intermediary metabolites of cholesterol synthetic pathway are involved in cell proliferation. Lovastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, blocks mevalonate synthesis, and has been shown to inhibit mesangial cell proliferation associated with diverse glomerular diseases. Since inhibition of farnesylation and plasma membrane anchorage of the Ras proteins is one suggested mechanism by which lovastatin prevents cellular proliferation, we investigated the effect of lovastatin and key mevalonate metabolites on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) and Ras in murine glomerular mesangial cells.

Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein enhances mesangial cell protein synthesis and gene expression of extracellular matrix proteins.

The proliferation of intrinsic glomerular cells and the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins are principal histopathological features seen in glomerular injury. Because of the marked similarity between the cellular and molecular events that occur in both atherosclerosis and glomerulosclerosis and the commonly accepted hypothesis that lipoproteins are implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis, we examined the effect of three atherogenic lipoproteins, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidized (ox)-LDL, and minimally modified (mm)-LDL on the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins by mesangial cells. The incubation of SV-40 transformed murine mesangial cells with LDL (25-100 microg/ml) increased the synthesis and secretion of both fibronectin and laminin in a dose-dependent manner.

Atherogenic lipoproteins enhance mesangial cell expression of platelet-derived growth factor: role of protein tyrosine kinase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A.

Mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation are fundamental in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major cytokine involved in mesangial cell proliferation, and its increased expression is seen in glomerular injury. Atherogenic lipoproteins stimulate mesangial cell proliferation and induce glomerular injury in experimental animals.

Atherogenic lipoproteins stimulate mesangial cell p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Previously, it has been shown that atherogenic lipoproteins, through the activation of glomerular cells, stimulate pathobiological processes involved in monocyte infiltration into the mesangium. This study examined the role of LDL and its oxidatively modified variants (mildly oxidatively modified LDL [mm-LDL] and oxidatively modified LDL [ox-LDL]) on the activation of mesangial cell p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase), a key intracellular signaling mechanism associated with cell proliferation. The incubation of mesangial cells with either LDL, mm-LDL, or ox-LDL induced the activation of MAP kinase dose dependently.

Atherogenic lipoproteins enhance murine cortical epithelial cell fibronectin protein synthesis and gene expression.

Tubulointerstitial changes, characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) and fibrosis, are often associated with primary glomerular injury. Furthermore, these changes may be better prognostic indicators for decline in renal function than the anatomical changes seen within the glomerulus itself. Although hyperlipidemia and the increased renal accumulation of atherogenic lipoproteins are commonly seen in both human and experimental models of renal disease, the possible role that atherogenic lipoproteins may play in the cellular and molecular events associated with the development of tubulointerstitial injury remains unclear.

Hyperlipidemia and kidney disease: concepts derived from histopathology and cell biology of the glomerulus.

The association between hyperlipidemia and renal disease was noted by Virchow as early as the 19th century. Subsequently, similar histopathological lipid depositions were confirmed-in diverse human and experimental renal disease. Although, no studies have been established in man to suggest a causal relationship between lipids and the pathogenesis of renal disease, compelling evidence accumulated in experimental animals suggests a direct role of lipids in the initiation and progression of glomerular disease.