Randomised controlled trial of intramuscular tramadol versus transdermal buprenorphine patch for early postoperative surgical pain.

Background: This study assesses the efficiency of the buprenorphine patch system compared to the routine use of tramadol intramuscular injections in the context of the South African public healthcare sector.

Methods: Patients were randomised into two groups, who received routine tramadol injections 100 mg every 8 hours intramuscular and buprenorphine patches 5 mcg every hour. The study assessed the first 48 hours postoperatively.

[The physiological and hygienic bases of traffic control on high-speed transport].

The study of high-speed transport drivers' work has indicated that the latter is characterized by high nervous and emotional stress, the required long forced posture, high attention and monotonicity, as well as the physiologically power-intensive algorithm that places stringent requirements for the body's functional state. A combination of the above factors significantly deteriorates the drivers' ability to maintain the required level of vigilance, working capacity, and readiness for emergent actions, which requires the introduction of new security systems and the development of complex measures to minimize the influence of the above negative factors.

[Methods of nondrug prevention of diminished work capacity and impaired health in railway workers].

The paper deals with the physiological assessment of some biologically active food additives (BAFA). The authors formulate principles in selecting BAFA to prevent fatigability and premorbidity associated with safe railway traffic.

[Organization of a medical occupational rehabilitation system for locomotive team workers].

The paper deals with the setting up of a system for early diagnosis of premorbidity and for medical professional rehabilitation of locomotive teams. Non-drug preventive measures are shown to have a high rehabilitative effect.

[Problems in establishing special pensions for locomotive team workers].

The paper deals with a physiological rationale for fixing pensions for locomotive-drivers within the ranges of age and length of service. The study is based on the fact that the nature and conditions of their work accelerate their ageing and decrease their working capacity.

[Physiological bases for work and rest schedules during shift work in Arctic tundra].

Conditions of Far North determine use of shifted work mode for construction of railways. The studies proved that low-distance shifted work is the most acceptable due to preserved health and work performance, lower rate of ageing. This mode maintains adaptation to the region's conditions, high level of work performance, saves the qualified workers.

[Work, health and problems of pension security of locomotive team workers].

Analyses the problems in present-day system of legislation on pensions. The main tasks in improvement of the current system are assessment of the rate of aging, validation of the minimal length of service needed for preterm retiring, and the possibility of earlier retiring for subjects with a length of service longer than the required one.

[Energy metabolism and the direction of evolutionary progress in the class of mammals].

The data on dependence of standard metabolism on body weight in 518 mammalian species have been summarized. Standard metabolism differs in representatives of different classes and families. The higher it is, the more complicated is the organization of the animals.

[Energy requirements of railroad bridge assemblers].

A study was made of energy losses in the assemblers engaged in the construction of a railway bridge. It was established that daily energy losses in this vocational group did not exceed 2900 kcal. Basing on the data obtained the authors calculated the requirements of the assemblers for the main foods, vitamins and mineral elements.