Fluoroscopy-Guided Transgluteal Pudendal Nerve Block for Pudendal Neuralgia: A Retrospective Case Series.

Pudendal neuralgia is a distressing condition that presents with pain in the perineum. While a positive anesthetic pudendal nerve block is one of the essential criteria for diagnosing this condition, this block can also provide a therapeutic effect for those afflicted with pudendal neuralgia. There are multiple ways in which a pudendal nerve block can be performed.

Topography of cerebral white-matter disease of prematurity studied prospectively in 1607 very-low-birthweight infants.

The objective of this study was to evaluate to what extent (1) the characteristics of localization, distribution, and size of echodense and echolucent abnormalities enable individuals to be designated as having either periventricular hemorrhagic infarction or periventricular leukomalacia and (2) the characteristics of periventricular hemorrhagic infarction and periventricular leukomalacia are independent occurrences. The population for this study consisted of 1607 infants with birthweights of 500 to 1500 g, born between January 1991 and December 1993, who had at least one cranial ultrasound scan read independently by at least two ultrasonographers. The ultrasound data collection form diagrammed six standard coronal views.

Maternal infection, fetal inflammatory response, and brain damage in very low birth weight infants. Developmental Epidemiology Network Investigators.

Echolucent images (EL) of cerebral white matter, seen on cranial ultrasonographic scans of very low birth weight newborns, predict motor and cognitive limitations. We tested the hypothesis that markers of maternal and feto-placental infection were associated with risks of both early (diagnosed at a median age of 7 d) and late (median age = 21 d) EL in a multi-center cohort of 1078 infants <1500 x g. Maternal infection was indicated by fever, leukocytosis, and receipt of antibiotic; fetoplacental inflammation was indicated by the presence of fetal vasculitis (i.

White matter disorders of prematurity: association with intraventricular hemorrhage and ventriculomegaly. The Developmental Epidemiology Network.

Objectives: Because intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) often precedes the development of sonographically defined white matter damage (WMD) in very preterm infants, we sought to identify the IVH characteristics that predict WMD.

Hypotheses: We evaluated variations on the null hypothesis that infants with IVH are no more likely than infants without IVH to have WMD. These variations dealt with characteristics of the IVH (presence or absence of ventriculomegaly) or characteristics of the WMD (size, localization, and laterality).

Spontaneous resolution of antenatally diagnosed adrenal masses.

Four infants had adrenal masses detected prenatally, through ultrasonography, between 18 and 30 weeks' gestation. Two were predominantly cystic, and two were solid. The sizes ranged from 0.

Ultrasonic detection of osteomyelitis. Pathologic correlation in an animal model.

The authors correlated sonographic findings with histologic findings in a rabbit model of osteomyelitis. Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis was induced in the femora of 11 New Zealand white rabbits. The opposite leg was used as a control.

Osteomyelitis: detection with US.

To evaluate the role of ultrasound (US) in the detection of osteomyelitis, the authors prospectively studied 48 patients clinically suspected of having osteomyelitis. A sonographic diagnosis was made if fluid was seen directly in contact with bone, without intervening soft tissues. Twelve of the 48 patients were subsequently found to have osteomyelitis.

Sequential development of multiple aortic aneurysms in a neonate post umbilical arterial catheter insertion.

A neonate in whom multiple aortic aneurysms developed as a result of umbilical arterial catheterization is presented. Initially a single aneurysm was diagnosed by ultrasound. Serial sonographic examinations showed enlargement of the first as well as formation and subsequent enlargement of additional aneurysms.

Osteomyelitis: detection with US. Work in progress.

Ten patients with clinically suspected osteomyelitis were studied with ultrasound (US). Five patients had abnormalities detectable on sonograms. An abnormal fluid collection was demonstrated adjacent to the bone in three of these five.

An unusual anatomic location of pancreatic masses.

By use of accepted criteria, all masses anterior to the splenic vein are thought to arise from the pancreas, whereas all masses posterior to the vein are attributed to other retroperitoneal organs. Three patients with pancreatic masses are presented. Since the mass was posterior to the splenic vein in these cases, a pancreatic origin did not originally suggest itself.

Ultrasound in the diagnosis of systemic candidiasis (renal and cranial) in very low birth weight premature infants.

Premature infants, (in whom prolonged hyperalimentation long term indwelling catheters are used), serve as the ideal hosts for overwhelming Candida sepsis. Two cases of disseminated Candidiasis were studied. Case 1 had sonographically enlarged and highly echogenic kidneys.

The role of ultrasonography in the detection of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Three cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are presented. Retroperitoneal and periportal adenopathy were the major manifestation of the disease detected by ultrasonography in all three cases. All of the patients were subsequently diagnosed as having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Reversal of guanethidine blockade of sympathetic nerve terminals by tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine.

1 The effect of tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on the inhibitory effect of guanethidine on noradrenaline (NA) release was investigated in the perfused spleen of the cat. 2 Guanethidine blocked the release of NA evoked by nerve stimulation. TEA and 4-AP readily reversed this inhibitory effect, and the NA output was nearly doubled after repeated stimulation of the nerves.

Effect of 4-aminopyridine on release of noradrenaline from the perfused cat spleen by nerve stimulation.

1. 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mM) increased noradrenaline (NA) output from the perfused cat spleen at 5 Hz by about fivefold. Enhancement of NA release by 4-AP was reversible.