Use of oxazolidinones (linezolid or tedizolid) for the treatment of breast infections. A case series from a tertiary referral hospital.

Objectives: Mastitis is mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria and usually involves treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics and clindamycin. Oxazolidinones show good results in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) due to its pharmacokinetic characteristics. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who received oxazolidinones for the treatment of SSTIs of the mammary tissue.

Heavy-load exercise in older adults activates vasculogenesis and has a stronger impact on muscle gene expression than in young adults.

Background: A striking effect of old age is the involuntary loss of muscle mass and strength leading to sarcopenia and reduced physiological functions. However, effects of heavy-load exercise in older adults on diseases and functions as predicted by changes in muscle gene expression have been inadequately studied.

Methods: Thigh muscle global transcriptional activity (transcriptome) was analyzed in cohorts of older and younger adults before and after 12-13 weeks heavy-load strength exercise using Affymetrix microarrays.

Incidence and risk factors for early readmission after hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 infection: results from a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: We aim to assess risk factors related to early readmission in previous hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. Early readmission was defined as the need for hospitalization within a period of 60 days after discharge.

Peripheral and lung resident memory T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2.

Resident memory T cells (T) positioned within the respiratory tract are probably required to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread and COVID-19. Importantly, T are mostly non-recirculating, which reduces the window of opportunity to examine these cells in the blood as they move to the lung parenchyma. Here, we identify circulating virus-specific T cell responses during acute infection with functional, migratory and apoptotic patterns modulated by viral proteins and associated with clinical outcome.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a musculoskeletal disease with a common genetic trait which responds to strength training: a translational intervention study.

Background: Clinical evidence suggests that body muscle mass is positively associated with bone mass, of significance for the elderly population at risk of osteoporosis (OP). Furthermore, muscle and bone interact mechanically and functionally, local interactions as well as remotely secreted components. Thus, it was of interest to compare muscle transcriptomes in postmenopausal OP and healthy women, and study effects of strength training on the muscle transcriptome, muscle stress proteins and bone mineral density (BMD).

Feasibility of a physical activity intervention during and shortly after chemotherapy for testicular cancer.

Background: Given the risk of developing acute and long-term adverse effects in patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy for testicular cancer (TC), risk-reducing interventions, such as physical activity (PA), may be relevant. Limited knowledge is available on the challenges met when conducting PA intervention trials in patients with TC during and shortly after chemotherapy. The aims of the present feasibility study are therefore to determine patient recruitment, compliance and adherence to a PA intervention.

The effect of strength training on muscle cellular stress in prostate cancer patients on ADT.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with several side effects, including loss of muscle mass. Muscle atrophy is associated with reduced mitochondrial function and increased muscle cellular stress that may be counteracted by strength training. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of strength training on mitochondrial proteins and indicators of muscle cellular stress in PCa patients on ADT.

Effects of strength training on muscle cellular outcomes in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy.

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improves life expectancy in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but is associated with adverse effects on muscle mass. Here, we investigated the effects of strength training during ADT on muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and regulators of muscle mass. PCa patients on ADT were randomized to 16 weeks of strength training (STG) (n = 12) or a control group (CG; n = 11).

Relationship between serum TSH and the responsiveness of toxic solitary autonomous thyroid nodules to radioiodine therapy.

Objective: To investigate if serum TSH at the time of 131I therapy influences the outcome.

Design: A retrospective analysis of data on 39 consecutive patients with toxic solitary autonomous thyroid nodules treated with 131I during a 4 year period.

Methods: Serum TSH was determined by an ultrasensitive RIA with a functional sensitivity of 0.

Serum TSH and the response to radioiodine treatment of toxic multinodular goitre.

A retrospective analysis of data from 73 consecutive patients with toxic multinodular goitre treated with iodine-131 (131I) during a 2-year period was performed to investigate if serum TSH at the time of 131I treatment influences the outcome. The dose of 131I was calculated according to a model compensating for thyroid size estimated by palpation and 24-h 131I uptake. Serum TSH was determined by a third-generation assay with a functional sensitivity of 0.

Nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine receptor binding in mononuclear blood cells from patients with malignant blood diseases and small cell carcinoma of the lung.

We have previously demonstrated enhanced daily turnover of thyroid hormones in patients with hypermetabolic symptoms due to malignant haematologic disorders or small cell carcinoma of the lung. We hypothesized that some of these symptoms might be due to enhanced peripheral effects of T3. We therefore studied the nuclear T3 receptor binding in circulating mononuclear blood cells in 5 patients with malignant haematologic disorders, 5 with untreated small cell carcinoma of the lung, and 11 healthy controls.

Free thyroxine and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine levels in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with endogenous depression.

Total and free concentrations of T4 and rT3 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were estimated by ultrafiltration in 12 patients with unipolar endogenous depression before and after electroconvulsive treatment. Recovery from depression resulted in a decrease in CSF concentrations of free T4 (median) (26.2 to 21.

Effects of octreotide on lipoproteins and endothelial function of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients.

Hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) is a characteristic feature of Type 1 diabetic patients. In healthy subjects growth hormone is able to induce an increase in endothelial cell proteins such as fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor. Plasma concentrations of such proteins, which are markers of cardiovascular risk, are elevated in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, suggesting endothelial cell dysfunction.

Effect of one year continuous subcutaneous infusion of a somatostatin analogue, octreotide, on early retinopathy, metabolic control and thyroid function in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

Growth hormone is assumed to be involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy. In a randomized study we evaluated the possible effects of one year treatment with a somatostatin (SRIH) analogue, octreotide, on early retinopathy and on metabolism in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Eleven patients were allocated to treatment with a continuous sc infusion of 400 micrograms octreotide per day and 9 served as controls.

Hypothalamic-pituitary and thyroid function in chronic alcoholics with neurological complications.

Endocrinological tests were performed in 14 chronic alcoholic men with signs of intellectual impairment and/or peripheral neuropathy. All had been abstinent from alcohol for at least 1 month. Basal serum growth hormone (GH) was consistently increased in only one patient whereas the GH responses to insulin hypoglycemia stimulation was normal in all patients.

Increased production of thyroxine and inappropriately elevated serum thyrotropin in levels in endogenous depression.

The increased serum thyroxine (T4) levels in endogenous depression (ED) might be due to an increased production or a reduced degradation of T4. We therefore performed turnover studies of radiolabeled T4 and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) in 6 patients with ED and 8 age-matched healthy controls. In ED, the median daily production of T4 was 130 nmol/day/70 kg, (range 100-186 nmol/day/70 kg) and elevated compared to control values which were 99 nmol/day/70 kg (range 85-142 nmol/day/70 kg) (p less than 0.

The pituitary-thyroid axis in patients with pituitary disorders.

The pituitary-thyroid axis of 12 patients, exposed to transsphenoidal pituitary microsurgery because of nonfunctioning adenomas (6), prolactinomas (3) and craniopharyngioma (1), or to major pituitary injury (1 apoplexy, 1 accidental injury), was controlled more than 6 months following the incidents. The patients did not receive thyroid replacement therapy and were evaluated by measurement of the serum concentration of thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3), T3-resin uptake test and thyrotropin (TSH, IRMA method) before and after 200 micrograms thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) iv. The examination also included measurement of prolactin (PRL) and cortisol (C) in serum.

Concentrations of thyroxine, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine, 3,3'-diiodothyronine, and 3',5'-diiodothyronine in human red blood cells.

A simple and rapid method for the estimation of cellular concentration of thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3), 3,3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T2), and 3',5'-diiodothyronine (3',5'-T2) as well as their distribution between cytosol and membranes in human red blood cells (RBC) is presented. Concentrations of iodothyronines in RBC (RBC-T) were calculated by multiplying the total serum concentrations by the ratio of radioactivity in equal volumes of packed RBCs and serum, pre-incubated with 125I-labelled iodothyronines of high specific activity. Plasma and RBC were separated by centrifugation in capillary glass tubes.

The hidden, nonexchangeable pool of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine in man: does it exist?

The validity of estimation of the production rates of T3 and rT3 in man based on noncompartmental analysis of blood-derived data has been questioned owing to incomplete exchangeability of T3 and rT3 between plasma and extrathyroidal tissues in which a local production of these iodothyronines takes place. The possible existence of a nonexchangeable or hidden pool of T3 and rT3 would result in an underestimation of the daily production. By contrast, the production rate of T4 can be estimated reliably using noncompartmental analysis.

Thyroid hormone metabolism in hypermetabolic patients with haematological disorders.

Turnover tracer studies of T4 and T3 using the single injection, noncompartmental approach were performed in 6 hypermetabolic patients with haematological disorders (HHD) (basal metabolic rate (BMR): median 141%, range 122-166%), in 10 controls with stable, nonthyroidal illness (NTIC), and in 14 healthy controls (HC). The main finding was an increase of approximately 30% of the production rate (PR) of both T4 and T3 in patients with HHD. Median PR of T4 was 134 nmol/day x 70 kg in HHD, compared to 78 nmol/day x 70 kg in NTIC (P less than 0.

Metabolic clearance and production of diiodotyrosine in healthy man.

Metabolic clearance rate (MCR) and daily production rate (PR) of diiodotyrosine (DIT) were estimated using a constant infusion technique of trace amounts of [125-I]-DIT followed by chromatographical isolation of tracer. Median DIT MCR was in eight healthy subjects estimated to 162 l/day x 70 kg (range 135-242), whereas PR was 52 nmol/day x 70 kg (range 25-126). The median serum DIT concentration was 0.

The pituitary-thyroid axis in acromegaly.

The pituitary-thyroid axis of 12 acromegalic patients was evaluated by measurement of the serum concentrations (total and free) of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and reverse T3 (rT3) and thyrotropin (TSH), growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) before and after iv stimulation with thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). Using an ultrasensitive method of TSH measurement (IRMA) basal serum TSH levels of the patients (0.76, 0.