Machine-Based Resistance Training Improves Functional Capacity in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Resistance training (RT) can improve the functional performance of older adults, maintaining independence and quality of life. It has been proposed that training interventions should implement exercises associated with the movements needed in everyday life. However, this strength training philosophy presents challenges, specifically to older adults, and the use of resistance machines might present an efficacious alternative.

Structure-based clustering and mutagenesis of bacterial tannases reveals the importance and diversity of active site-capping domains.

Tannins are critical plant defense metabolites, enriched in bark and leaves, that protect against microorganisms and insects by binding to and precipitating proteins. Hydrolyzable tannins contain ester bonds which can be cleaved by tannases-serine hydrolases containing so-called "cap" domains covering their active sites. However, comprehensive insights into the biochemical properties and structural diversity of tannases are limited, especially regarding their cap domains.

An Audit of a Modified Pediatric Early Warning Scoring System in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital.

Objective: Pediatric early warning systems identify patients at risk for deterioration. We aimed to determine if a locally adapted pediatric early warning system [KK hospital early warning score (KEWS)] can distinguish patients who require transfer from general ward to high dependency unit (HDU) or PICU, from those who do not.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control single-center audit.

Immunomodulation of T cell-mediated alloimmunity by proximity to endothelial cells under the mammalian target of rapamycin blockade.

Endothelial cells (ECs) are an initial barrier between vascularized organ allografts and the host immune system and are thus well positioned to initiate and influence alloimmune rejection. The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin is known to inhibit T cell activation and attenuate acute allograft rejection. It also has numerous effects on ECs.

Comment on "Improving the efficiency of a CIGS solar cell to above 31% with SbS as a new BSF: a numerical simulation approach by SCAPS-1D" by M. F. Rahman and S. Goumri-Said , , 2024, , 1924.

It was reported in early 2024 that a single-junction 1.1 eV bandgap copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell can achieve actual power conversion efficiency up to 40.70%, open circuit voltage up to 1.

The expanding antimicrobial diversity of the genus Pantoea.

With the rise of antimicrobial resistance, there is high demand for novel antimicrobials to combat multi-drug resistant pathogens. The bacterial genus Pantoea produces a diversity of antimicrobial natural products effective against a wide range of bacterial and fungal targets. These antimicrobials are synthesized by specialized biosynthetic gene clusters that have unique distributions across Pantoea as well as several other genera outside of the Erwiniaceae.

Rapamycin Prevents Expansion of Costimulation Blockade-resistant CD8+ Alloreactive Memory Cells following Depletional Induction in Renal Transplant Recipients.

Alemtuzumab induction with belatacept/rapamycin-based maintenance immunotherapy (ABR) prevents kidney allograft rejection and specifically limits early costimulation blockade-resistant rejection (CoBRR). To evaluate the mechanisms by which this regimen alters CoBRR, we characterized the phenotype and functional response of preexisting memory cells to allogeneic endothelial cells using intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry. IL-7-induced lymphocyte proliferation in the presence or absence of rapamycin was assessed to characterize the phenotype of proliferating cells.

A hyper-fast gas chromatograph coupled to an ion mobility spectrometer with high repetition rate and flow-optimized ion source to resolve the short chromatographic peaks.

By combining the high selectivity of a gas chromatograph (GC) with the high sensitivity and decent selectivity of an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), GC-IMS have become increasingly popular in many applications. However, most GC suffer from long analysis times. In contrast, an hyper-fast GC allows for extremely fast analysis in the tens of seconds while reaching comparably high resolution.

Physical Activity Mobile App (CareFit) for Informal Carers of People With Dementia: Protocol for a Feasibility and Adaptation Study.

Background: Physical activity is a critical component of both well-being and preventative health, reducing the risk of both chronic mental and physical conditions and early death. Yet, there are numerous groups in society who are not able to undertake as much physical activity as they would like to. This includes informal (unpaid) carers, with the United Kingdom national survey data suggesting that 81% would like to do more physical activity on a regular basis.

Distribution and comparative genomic analysis of antimicrobial gene clusters found in .

Members of the bacterial genus produce a variety of antimicrobial products that are effective against plant, animal, and human pathogens. To date, little is known about the distribution and evolutionary history of these clusters. We surveyed the public databases for the 12 currently known antibiotic biosynthetic gene clusters found across strains to determine their distribution.

High-Resolution Drift Tube Ion Mobility Spectrometer with Ultra-Fast Polarity Switching.

Besides safety and security applications, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is increasingly used in other fields such as medicine, environmental monitoring and food quality analysis. However, some applications require gas chromatographic separation before analysis by IMS. Furthermore, different compounds in the sample may form positive or negative ions during ionization and therefore simultaneous detection of both ion polarities is highly beneficial to avoid two chromatographic runs of the same sample.

Molecular mimicry in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe, post-infectious sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet the pathophysiological mechanism connecting the infection to the broad inflammatory syndrome remains unknown. Here we leveraged a large set of samples from patients with MIS-C to identify a distinct set of host proteins targeted by patient autoantibodies including a particular autoreactive epitope within SNX8, a protein involved in regulating an antiviral pathway associated with MIS-C pathogenesis. In parallel, we also probed antibody responses from patients with MIS-C to the complete SARS-CoV-2 proteome and found enriched reactivity against a distinct domain of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.

One-year changes in body composition and musculoskeletal health following metabolic/bariatric surgery.

Context: There are limited comparative studies between one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on body composition and musculoskeletal health.

Objective: To compare changes in body composition, areal bone mineral density (aBMD), muscle strength, and physical function in the first year following OAGB, RYGB and SG within a UK-based healthcare setting.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the BARI-LIFESTYLE trial in 119 adults (77% women; mean±SD, age: 45.

Advancing Health Policy and Outcomes for People With Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities: A Community-Led Agenda.

Importance: At least 10 million people in the United States have an intellectual and/or developmental disability (IDD). People with IDD experience considerably higher rates of poor overall health, chronic conditions including diabetes, mental health challenges, maternal mortality, and preventable deaths. This Special Communication proposes national goals based on a community-led consensus model that advances priority health outcomes for people with IDD and their caregivers/partners and identifies critical policy opportunities and challenges in achieving these goals.

Revolutionizing Care: Unleashing the Potential of Digital Health Technology in Physiotherapy Management for People With Cystic Fibrosis.

This viewpoint paper explores the dynamic intersection of physiotherapy and digital health technologies (DHTs) in enhancing the care of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), in the context of advancements such as highly effective modulator therapies that are enhancing life expectancy and altering physiotherapy needs. The role of DHTs, including telehealth, surveillance, home monitoring, and activity promotion, has expanded, becoming crucial in overcoming geographical barriers and accelerated by the recent pandemic. Physiotherapy, integral to CF care since 1946, has shifted toward patient-centered approaches, emphasizing exercise training and a physically active lifestyle.

Identifying regulatory elements and their RNA-binding proteins in the 3' untranslated regions of papillomavirus late mRNAs.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect cutaneous and mucosal epithelia to cause benign (warts) and malignant lesions (e.g. cervical cancer).

Evaluation of the capacity and effective angle of thalamic damage for 2 commercially available captive bolt tool types on cadaver heads from sows >200 kg body weight.

This study evaluated the ability of 2 penetrating captive bolt (PCB) types (PISTOL, INLINE) to reach and disrupt the thalamus when applied in 2 placements (FRONTAL, BEHIND EAR) to chilled cadaver heads (N = 60) from sows >200 kg. Heads were randomly distributed across 6 treatments (n = 10): FRONTAL-INLINE, FRONTAL-PISTOL, FRONTAL-NO SHOT, BEHIND EAR-INLINE, BEHIND EAR-PISTOL, and BEHIND EAR-NO SHOT. The FRONTAL shot was placed 3.

Extended pleurectomy decortication and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for pleural mesothelioma (MARS 2): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial.

Background: Extended pleurectomy decortication for complete macroscopic resection for pleural mesothelioma has never been evaluated in a randomised trial. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes after extended pleurectomy decortication plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone.

Methods: MARS 2 was a phase 3, national, multicentre, open-label, parallel two-group, pragmatic, superiority randomised controlled trial conducted in the UK.