Cabozantinib-Associated Exudative Retinal Detachment and Choroiditis: A Case Report.

Purpose: To describe the first reported instance of an acute chorioretinal inflammatory response to cabozantinib.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 54-year-old Asian male presented with blurred vision 2 weeks following the commencement of cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Prompt engineering with ChatGPT3.5 and GPT4 to improve patient education on retinal diseases.

Objective: To assess the effect of prompt engineering on the accuracy, comprehensiveness, readability, and empathy of large language model (LLM)-generated responses to patient questions regarding retinal disease.

Design: Prospective qualitative study.

Participants: Retina specialists, ChatGPT3.

Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thinning, perfusion changes and optic neuropathy in carriers of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy-associated mitochondrial variants.

Background: We investigated Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) families for variation in peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and perfusion, and associated optic nerve dysfunction.

Method: A group of LHON-affected patients (n=12) and their asymptomatic maternal relatives (n=16) underwent examination including visual acuity (VA), visual-evoked-potential and optic nerve imaging including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography of the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL). A control sample was also examined (n=10).

The Role of the Ophthalmic Genetics Multidisciplinary Team in the Management of Inherited Retinal Degenerations-A Case-Based Review.

(1) Background: Inherited retinal degenertions are rare conditions which may have a dramatic impact on the daily life of those affected and how they interact with their environment. Coordination of clinical services via an ophthalmic genetics multidisciplinary team (OG-MDT) allows better efficiency of time and resources to reach diagnoses and facilitate patient needs. (2) Methods: This clinical case series was conducted by a retrospective review of patient records for patients enrolled in the Target 5000 programme and managed by the OG-MDT, at the Mater Hospital Dublin, Ireland ( = 865) (3) Results: Herein we describe clinical cases and how the use of the OG-MDT optimizes care for isolated and syndromic IRD pedigrees.

Polarization-Diversity Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Choroidal Nevi.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of polarization-diversity optical coherence tomography (PD-OCT), a noninvasive imaging technique with melanin-specific contrast, in the quantitative and qualitative assessment of choroidal nevi.

Methods: Nevi were imaged with a custom-built 55-degree field-of-view (FOV) 400 kHz PD-OCT system. Imaging features on PD-OCT were compared to those on fundus photography, auto-fluorescence, ultrasound, and non-PD-OCT images.

Long-term anatomical and functional findings of solar maculopathy.

Background: Solar maculopathy (SM) is a rare cause of acquired maculopathy related to direct viewing of the sun. Primary symptoms include central scotomata, blurred vision and/or metamorphopsia due to thermal/photochemical damage to foveal photoreceptors.

Methods: Patients were identified from clinic records surrounding a solar eclipse.

Risk of Neurotoxicity with Multiple General Anaesthetics for Examination Under Anaesthesia in Paediatric Ophthalmology - A Cause for Concern?

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of clinical protocol change via active minimisation on the number of general anaesthetic (GA)/sedation episodes for diagnostic ophthalmic purposes at Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street (CHI-TS), Dublin, Ireland, from 2016 to 2019, inclusive. Change was implemented following published cautionary principles in 2016 by the FDA regarding the potential neurotoxic risk from multiple GA exposure in children.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of electronic operating theatre records was completed using procedure codes "Ophthalmological examination" and "Examination of fundi".

Optic Nerve Structural and Functional Changes in LHON-Affected and Asymptomatic Maternal Relatives: Association with H and HV Mitochondrial Haplogroups.

Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) affects a minority of carriers of causative mitochondrial DNA mutations. We investigated a cohort of patients with LHON, including m.11778G>A, m.

Presentations to eye emergency departments with flashes and floaters differ dependent on incident solar radiation.

Aim: The aim of this retrospective review was to analyse the frequency of patients presenting with flashes and/or floaters (F/F) on bright versus dark days to the eye emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital (the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital) over a 3-year period. The diagnostic and clinical outcomes of F/F presentations were also analysed.

Methods: This retrospective study assessed eye casualty attendances between January 2018 and December 2020.

-Associated Retinopathy and Nanophthalmos in Two Irish Probands: A Case Report.

The conjunction of nanophthalmos (NO) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) provides challenges to effective clinical management while narrowing the genetic spectrum for targeted molecular diagnostics. This case study describes two not knowingly related adult cases of -associated retinopathy and nanophthalmos (MARN). Structural features including short axial lengths (mean 16.

Differentiating primary dry eye disease from ocular neuropathic pain: implications for symptom management.

Clinical Relevance: Eyecare practitioners' management of ocular surface disease is essential in managing increasing dry eye disease (DED) presentations including ocular neuropathic pain (ONP). Topical Proxymetacaine offers a simple, readily available and practical method of detecting ONP in practice and can be used to differentiate ONP from DED by eyecare practitioners, when accompanied with an anterior segment examination.

Background: Differentiating DED from ONP presents a significant opportunity to eyecare providers, allowing appropriate treatment choices for more adequate symptom control, greater patient satisfaction, and reduced emergent re-presentations.

The Natural History of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in an Irish Population and Assessment for Prognostic Biomarkers.

In this study we have assessed the clinical and genetic characteristics of an Irish Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) cohort and assessed for useful biomarkers of visual prognosis. We carried out a retrospective review of clinical data of patients with genetically confirmed LHON presenting to an Irish tertiary referral ophthalmic hospital. LHON diagnosis was made on classic clinical signs with genetic confirmation.

Electrophysiology-Guided Genetic Characterisation Maximises Molecular Diagnosis in an Irish Paediatric Inherited Retinal Degeneration Population.

Inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs) account for over one third of the underlying causes of blindness in the paediatric population. Patients with IRDs often experience long delays prior to reaching a definitive diagnosis. Children attending a tertiary care paediatric ophthalmology department with phenotypic (i.

Insidious ocular surface lesion in an 81-year-old woman.

Ocular surface melanoma (OSM) is rare. An 81-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 4-month history of right eye pain and reduced vision. Histopathological examination of the excisional biopsy identified invasive amelanotic melanoma of the conjunctiva expressing Melan A and SOX10.

Management of Keratoconus in Down Syndrome and Other Intellectual Disability.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess an intellectual disability (ID) cohort with keratoconus (KC) regarding ophthalmic (visual acuity and corneal tomography) and systemic characteristics and to describe an appropriate clinical algorithm for investigation and management of KC in this setting.

Methods: This was the retrospective cohort study of patients with ID (Down syndrome, autism, and other) in the cornea department of a tertiary referral ophthalmic hospital in Dublin, Ireland. Retrospective chart review was conducted on people with ID undergoing examination under anesthesia or crosslinking under general anesthetic.

Clinical and Genetic Re-Evaluation of Inherited Retinal Degeneration Pedigrees following Initial Negative Findings on Panel-Based Next Generation Sequencing.

Although rare, inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs) are the most common reason for blind registration in the working age population. They are highly genetically heterogeneous (>300 known genetic loci), and confirmation of a molecular diagnosis is a prerequisite for many therapeutic clinical trials and approved treatments. First-tier genetic testing of IRDs with panel-based next-generation sequencing (pNGS) has a diagnostic yield of ≈70-80%, leaving the remaining more challenging cases to be resolved by second-tier testing methods.