A Comparative Study of New Fluorescent Anthraquinone and Benzanthrone α-Aminophosphonates: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Toxicology, X-ray Crystallography, and Microscopy of .

In this research, we explore the synthesis of and characterize α-aminophosphonates derived from anthraquinone and benzanthrone, focusing on their fluorescence properties and potential applications in confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The synthesized compounds exhibit notable solvatochromic behavior, emitting fluorescence from green to red across various solvents. Spectroscopic analysis, including H-, C-, and P-NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry, confirms the chemical structures.

Prevalence of low bone mineral density at axial sites and fracture risk in Bulgarian population.

Background: Osteoporosis is a common chronic disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitectural deterioration of the bone, which are associated with increased risk of fragility fractures. Currently the most popular tool is the fracture risk assessment model FRAX to calculate the 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) and hip fractures (HF).

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of low BMD at axial sites and fracture risk in Bulgarian population.

Genotoxic Evaluation of FeO Nanoparticles in Different Three Barley ( L.) Genotypes to Explore the Stress-Resistant Molecules.

Sustainable agricultural practices are still essential due to soil degradation and crop losses. Recently, the relationship between plants and nanoparticles (NPs) attracted scientists' attention, especially for applications in agricultural production as nanonutrition. Therefore, the present research was carried out to investigate the effect of FeO NPs at low concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 20 mg/L) on three genotypes of barley ( L.

Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of (Trematoda: Digenea).

Luminescent derivatives of benzanthrone are becoming more useful based on their light-absorbing and fluorescent-emitting properties. Our previous studies showed that luminescent staining properties of the same benzanthrone dye differ for variable parasite samples. Therefore, two types of benzanthrone dyes were prepared.

Effect of the lumbar scoliosis on the results of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

One of the most common causes of lumbar scoliosis in adults is the decreased bone mineral density (BMD). The scoliosis in the lumbar spine has a known effect over the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan results. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of the lumbar scoliosis on the results of the DXA scan of the lumbar spine.

Epidemiology of hip fractures in Bulgaria: development of a country-specific FRAX model.

Unlabelled: A retrospective population-based survey was undertaken in a region of Bulgaria to determine the incidence of hip fracture. The estimated number of hip fractures nationwide for 2015 was 9322 and is predicted to increase to 11,398 in 2050. The hip fracture rates were used to create a FRAX model.

A Simple and Rapid Staining Technique for Sex Determination of Larvae Parasites by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy.

The roundworms of Trichinella genus are worldwide distributed and their prevalence in nature is high. Trichinella genus parasites are the causative agents of foodborne zoonosis trichinellosis. The main prevention and control of the infection are meat inspection by the magnetic stirrer method for the detection of Trichinella larvae in muscle samples.

Experimental and theoretical insights on the effect of solvent polarity on the photophysical properties of a benzanthrone dye.

Benzanthrone derivatives show interesting solvent dependent photophysical properties. Understanding of their photophysical properties is essential for developing the fluorescence probes based on benzanthrone derivatives. The photophysical properties of 3-(N'-chlorophenyl)piperazino-7H-benzo[de]anthracen-7-one [ClPh-PBA] molecule are reported in different solvents and solvent mixtures.

Novel dye for detection of callus embryo by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy.

In the present study a new luminescent dye 3-N-(2-pyrrolidinylacetamido)benzanthrone (AZR) was synthesized. Spectroscopic measurements of the novel benzanthrone 3-aminoderivative were performed in seven organic solvents showing strong fluorescence. The capability of the prepared dye for visualization has been tested on flax, red clover and alfalfa to determinate the embryo in plant callus tissue cultures.

Novel luminescent dyes for confocal laser scanning microscopy used in Trematoda parasite diagnostics.

Benzanthrone derivates are now widely used in many industrial and scientific applications as dyes for polymers and textiles. In biochemical, biomedical and diagnostics investigations benzanthrone dyes are used as a lipophilic fluorescent probe since many benzanthrone derivates demonstrate bright fluorescence and they have ability to intercalate between membrane lipids. The aim of research presented here was to assess the luminescence ability of benzanthrone derivatives using microscopic visualization of biological objects.

Experimental and theoretical study on structure and spectroscopic properties of 2-bromo-3-N-(N',N'-dimethylformamidino) benzanthrone.

The goal of present research is a theoretical and experimental investigation of geometrical structure, electronic properties, absorption and fluorescence spectra prediction for 2-bromo-3-N-(N',N'-dimethylformamidino)benzanthrone. As a result of conformational analysis, two rotamers have been found with a rotational barrier of 5.45 kcal/mol.

Novel amidine derivatives of benzanthrone: Effect of bromine atom on the spectral parameters.

Several new substituted amidine derivatives of benzanthrone were synthesized by condensation reaction from 2-bromo-3-aminobenzo[de]anthracen-7-one and appropriate aromatic or aliphatic amides. The novel benzanthrone derivatives were characterized by TLC analysis, NMR, IR, MS, UV/Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The obtained derivatives have yellow or orange fluorescence in organic solvents.

Photophysical properties of benzanthrone derivatives: effect of substituent, solvent polarity and hydrogen bonding.

Benzanthrone derivatives are potential fluorescent probes for various chemical and biological environments. A mechanistic understanding of their photophysical properties is pivotal for designing an efficient fluorescence sensor based on the benzanthrone framework. In this study, we report on the effect of chemical substitution on the photophysical properties of two benzanthrone derivatives, namely, 3-(N'-methyl)-piperazino-7H-benzo[de]anthracen-7-one [Me-PBA] and 3-(N'-phenyl)-piperazino-7H-benzo[de]anthracen-7-one [Ph-PBA] in different solvents and solvent mixtures of varying polarities and proticities.

Solvatochromic study of 3-N-(N'-methylacetamidino)benzanthrone and its interaction with dopamine by the fluorescence quenching mechanism.

The change in photophysical properties of the organic molecule due to solvatochromic effect caused by different solvent environments at room temperature gives information about the dipole moments of 3-N-(N'-methylacetamidino)benzanthrone (3-MAB). The quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime of 3-MAB was measured in different solvents to calculate radiative and non-radiative rate constants. The results revealed that the excited state dipole moment (μ ) is relatively larger compared to the ground state dipole moment (μ ), indicating the excited state of the dye under study is more polar than the ground state and the same trend is noticed with theoretical calculations performed using the CAM-B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method.

Trophic state changes can affect the importance of methane-derived carbon in aquatic food webs.

Methane-derived carbon, incorporated by methane-oxidizing bacteria, has been identified as a significant source of carbon in food webs of many lakes. By measuring the stable carbon isotopic composition (δC values) of particulate organic matter, Chironomidae and spp. and their resting eggs (ephippia), we show that methane-derived carbon presently plays a relevant role in the food web of hypertrophic Lake De Waay, The Netherlands.

Novel benzanthrone probes for membrane and protein studies.

The applicability of a series of novel benzanthrone dyes to monitoring the changes in physicochemical properties of lipid bilayer and to differentiating between the native and aggregated protein states has been evaluated. Based on the quantitative parameters of the dye-membrane and dye-protein binding derived from the fluorimetric titration data, the most prospective membrane probes and amyloid tracers have been selected from the group of examined compounds. Analysis of the red edge excitation shifts of the membrane- and amyloid-bound dyes provided information on the properties of benzanthrone binding sites within the lipid and protein matrixes.

[The effect of 3,5-dicarbomethoxyphenylbiguanide on the activity of antioxidant enzymes].

The effect of 3,5-dicarbomethoxyphenylbiguanide, which was selected with the Prediction of Activity Spectra of Substances (PASS) computer program, on the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione transferase in the heart and the blood serum of rats with experimental rheumatoid arthritis was investigated. The studied parameters changed towards control values when the tested compound was injected in animals with the pathology. These results can be explained by the cardioprotective and antioxidant activity of the compound.

Activity of Glutathione Antioxidant System and NADPH-Generating Enzymes in Rats with Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Induction of rheumatoid arthritis in rats was accompanied by an increase in diene conjugate content and glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities in muscles and blood serum. These changes can be related to mobilization of the glutathione reductase/glutathione peroxidase system coupled with intensification of free radical oxidation. In addition, activity of glucose-6-phosphodehydrogenase and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase increased, which can be related to increased demand of NADPH for the glutathione reductase/glutathione peroxidase system.

Validation of climate model-inferred regional temperature change for late-glacial Europe.

Comparisons of climate model hindcasts with independent proxy data are essential for assessing model performance in non-analogue situations. However, standardized palaeoclimate data sets for assessing the spatial pattern of past climatic change across continents are lacking for some of the most dynamic episodes of Earth's recent past. Here we present a new chironomid-based palaeotemperature dataset designed to assess climate model hindcasts of regional summer temperature change in Europe during the late-glacial and early Holocene.

Location of novel benzanthrone dyes in model membranes as revealed by resonance energy transfer.

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between anthrylvinyl-labeled phosphatidylcholine (AV-PC) as a donor and newly synthesized benzanthrones (referred to here as A8, A6, AM12, AM15 and AM18) as acceptors has been examined to gain insight into molecular level details of the interactions between benzanthrone dyes and model lipid membranes composed of zwitterionic lipid phosphatidylcholine and its mixtures with anionic lipids cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). FRET data were quantitatively analyzed in terms of the model of energy transfer in two-dimensional systems taking into account the distance dependence of orientation factor. Evidence for A8 location in phospholipid headgroup region has been obtained.

Fluorescence Investigation of Interactions Between Novel Benzanthrone Dyes and Lysozyme Amyloid Fibrils.

A series of novel fluorescent benzanthrone dyes have been tested for their ability to identify and characterize fibrillar aggregates of lysozyme prepared by protein denaturation in concentrated ethanol solution (F(eth)) or acidic buffer (F(ac)). Quantitative parameters of the dye association with native and fibrillar protein have been derived from the results of fluorimetric titration. The binding characteristics proved to be different for F(eth)- and F(ac)-bound benzanthrones, highlighting the dye sensitivity to the distinctions in fibril morphology.

Fluorescent substituted amidines of benzanthrone: synthesis, spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations.

Several new substituted amidine derivatives of benzanthrone were synthesized by a condensation reaction from 3-aminobenzo[de]anthracen-7-one and appropriate aromatic and aliphatic amides. The obtained derivatives have a bright yellow or orange fluorescence in organic solvents and in solid state. The novel benzanthrone derivatives were characterized by TLC analysis, (1)H NMR, IR, MS, UV/vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Novel benzanthrone aminoderivatives for membrane studies.

The potential of novel benzanthrone aminoderivatives to trace the changes in physicochemical properties of lipid bilayer has been evaluated. Binding of the dyes to the lipid bilayers composed of zwitterionic phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) and its mixtures with anionic phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) and cholesterol (Chol) was followed by significant quantum yield increase with small blue shift of emission maximum. Analysis of partition coefficients of the dyes under study showed that all aminobenzanthrones possess high lipid-associating ability.